On the Shannon Cipher System With a Wiretapper Guessing Subject to Distortion and Reliability Requirements

In this paper we discuss the processes in the Shannon cipher system with discrete memoryless source and a guessing wiretapper. The wiretapper observes a cryptogram of $N$-vector of ciphered messages in the public channel and tries to guess successively the vector of messages within given distortion level $\Delta$ and small probability of error less than $\exp \{-NE\}$ with positive reliability index $E$. The security of the system is measured by the expected number of guesses which wiretapper needs for the approximate reconstruction of the vector of source messages. The distortion, the reliability criteria and the possibility of upper limiting the number of guesses extend the approach studied by Merhav and Arikan. A single-letter characterization is given for the region of pairs $(R_L,R)$ (of the rate $R_L$ of the maximum number of guesses $L(N)$ and the rate $R$ of the average number of guesses) in dependence on key rate $R_K$, distortion level $\Delta$ and reliability $E$.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theor

A Comprehensive Plan for an Ecological Restoration-based Eco-toursim Program at Glacial Park

McHenry County Conservation District (MCCD) manages 25,000 acres of open lands in northern Illinois, including Glacial Park, a 3,273-acre park and conservation area. Dr. Tom Simpson, Research Field Station Ecologist for MCCD, approached the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan with the proposal that a master’s project team join him and MCCD in reestablishing a weekend-long event, called the Weekend of Restoration, and analyzing ways to turn the event into a sustainable annual or semi-annual program at Glacial Park. To guide the project’s activities, objectives and research, the team formulated a fundamental question: What elements of event planning, marketing, implementation, and evaluation can best create a successful, repeatable weekend restoration program at Glacial Park? The team developed a set of recommendations based on a combination of personal observations, evaluation findings, background research on relevant topics, and conversations with MCCD and other conservation professionals. Additionally, site analyses were conducted to inform future restoration projects by providing educational resources via maps, teaching points, references, and activities. The project resulted in the establishment of a 2012 event, complete with outside funding as well as staff and volunteers registered to help plan, market, implement and evaluate the event.Master of ScienceNatural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90881/1/Ecotourism_Bomey_Dreps_Hanna_Haroutunian_Pierce.pd

Understanding the power requirements of autonomous underwater systems, Part I: An analytical model for optimum swimming speeds and cost of transport

Many marine species exhibit capabilities that would be desirable for manmade systems operating in the maritime environment. However, without detracting from the potential, if bioinspiration is to prove beneficial, it is important to have a consistent set of metrics that allow fair comparison, without bias, when comparing the performance of engineered and biological systems. In this study we focus on deriving an unbiased metric of performance applicable to marine animals and engineered subsea vehicles for one of the most fundamental of properties; that of the energy cost of locomotion. We present a rational analytical model of the physics behind the total energy cost of locomotion applicable to both biological and engineered autonomous underwater marine systems. This model proposes the use of an equivalent spheroid efficiency as a fair metric to compare engineered and biological systems. The model is then utilised to identify how changes in mass, speed, spheroid efficiency and hotel load impact the performance of the system

Reaction ⁶Li(p, Δ⁺⁺)⁶He At 1.04 GeV And The Δ−N Interaction

The reaction ⁶Li(p, Δ⁺⁺)⁶He has been studied at 1.04 GeV for transferred momenta ranging from 0.11 to 0.35 (GeV/c)2. An exponential decrease of the cross section is observed. A Glauber-type calculation is presented. The possibility of extracting information on σ(ΔN) and α(ΔN) is discussed

An holistic bio-inspired approach for improving the performance of unmanned underwater vehicles

PhD ThesisThis research, as a part of the Nature in Engineering for Monitoring the Oceans (NEMO) project, investigated bio-inspiration to improve the performance of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs). Initially, the capabilities and performance of current AUVs were compared with Biological Marine Systems (BMSs), i.e. marine animals (Murphy & Haroutunian, 2011). This investigation revealed significant superiority in the capabilities of BMSs which are desirable for UUVs, specifically in speed and manoeuvring. Subsequently, an investigation was carried out on BMSs to find means to make use of their superior functionality towards engineering improved UUVs. It was discovered that due to a mismatch between the purpose of each species evolution and the desired mission of an UUV, all desired characteristics are not evident in a single species. Moreover, due to the multi-functionality of biological systems, it is not possible to independently study each configuration. Therefore, an holistic approach to study BMSs as a system with numerous configurations was undertaken. An evolutionary search and selection algorithm was developed to obtain the myriad of biological information and adjust them to engineering needs (Haroutunian & Murphy, 2012). This Optimum System Selector (OSS) was implemented to output aspects of the appropriate design combination for a bio-inspired UUV, based on its specified mission. The OSS takes into account the energetic cost of the proposed combination as well as the trade-off between size, speed and manoeuvrability. Appreciating the uncertainty in existing measured biological data, the developed code was successfully verified in comparison with BMSs data. Energetic cost of transport is a key factor in selecting a design combination based on desired missions. This is key to the accuracy of the algorithm. Therefore, in another essential research theme, a sophisticated study has been carried out on the understanding, calculating, predicting and comparison of various biological and engineered underwater systems energetics (Phillips et al., 2012). The results of the OSS compared with existing AUVs, showed improvements in the overall capabilities. Therefore, this method is an excellent guide to transform complex biological data for the future design and development of UUVs.EPSRC