Geometry of the Butterknowle Fault at Bishop Auckland (County Durham, UK), from gravity survey and structural inversion

The Butterknowle Fault is a major normal fault of Dinantian age in northern England, bounding the Stainmore Basin and the Alston Block. This fault zone has been proposed as a source of deep geothermal energy; to facilitate the design of a geothermal project in the town of Bishop Auckland further investigation of its geometry was necessary and led to the present study. We show using three-dimensional modelling of a dense local gravity survey, combined with structural inversion, that this fault has a ramp-flat-ramp geometry, ~250 m of latest Carboniferous / Early Permian downthrow having occurred on a fault surface that is not a planar updip continuation of that which had accommodated the many kilometres of Dinantian extension. The gravity survey also reveals relatively low-density sediments in the hanging-wall of the Dinantian fault, interpreted as porous alluvial fan deposits, indicating that a favourable geothermal target indeed exists in the area. This study demonstrates the value of gravity data for elucidating geological structure, even in a well-studied region such as Britain, and highlights the need to verify published structural interpretations as future deep geothermal projects are designed. Future work of this type might be undertaken more expeditiously using microelectromechanical gravimeters

NASA Capability Roadmaps Executive Summary

This document is the result of eight months of hard work and dedication from NASA, industry, other government agencies, and academic experts from across the nation. It provides a summary of the capabilities necessary to execute the Vision for Space Exploration and the key architecture decisions that drive the direction for those capabilities. This report is being provided to the Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) team for consideration in development of an architecture approach and investment strategy to support NASA future mission, programs and budget requests. In addition, it will be an excellent reference for NASA's strategic planning. A more detailed set of roadmaps at the technology and sub-capability levels are available on CD. These detailed products include key driving assumptions, capability maturation assessments, and technology and capability development roadmaps

Biodiversity 2020: climate change evaluation report

In 2011, the government published Biodiversity 2020: A strategy for England’s wildlife and ecosystem services [1]. This strategy for England builds on the 2011 Natural Environment White Paper - NEWP [2] and provides a comprehensive picture of how we are implementing our international and EU commitments. It sets out the strategic direction for biodiversity policy between 2011-2020 on land (including rivers and lakes) and at sea, and forms part of the UK’s commitments under the ‘the Aichi targets’ agreed in 2010 under the United Nations Convention of Biological Diversity’s Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 [3]. Defra is committed to evaluating the Biodiversity 2020 strategy and has a public commitment to assess climate change adaptation measures. This document sets out the information on assessing how action under Biodiversity 2020 has helped our wildlife and ecosystems to adapt to climate change. Biodiversity 2020 aims to halt the loss of biodiversity and restore functioning ecosystems for wildlife and for people. The outcomes and actions in Biodiversity 2020, although wider in scope, aimed to increase resilience of our wildlife and ecosystems in the face of a changing climate. In order to inform the assessment, we have defined which of the measurable outputs under Biodiversity 2020 contribute to resilience. Biodiversity 2020 included plans to develop and publish a dedicated set of indicators to assess progress towards the delivery of the strategy. The latest list (at the time of writing), published in 2017, contains 24 biodiversity indicators [4] that would help inform progress towards achieving specific outcomes, they are also highly relevant to the outputs (detailed below) that form the basis for this evaluation. The Adaptation Sub-Committee’s 2017 UK Climate Change Risk Assessment Evidence Report [5] sets out the priority climate change risks and opportunities for the UK. The ASC also produced a review of progress in the National Adaptation Programme - “Progress in preparing for climate change” [6], which highlights adaptation priorities and progress being made towards achieving them. The UK Government’s response to the ASC [7] review includes a set of recommendations, of which Recommendation 6 states that “Action should be taken to enhance the condition of priority habitats and the abundance and range of priority species”. The recommendation further iterated that “This action should maintain or extend the level of ambition that was included in Biodiversity 2020” and that “An evaluation should be undertaken of Biodiversity 2020 including the extent to which goals have been met and of the implications for resilience to climate change.” To this, end an evaluation process has been put in place to define: a. What worked and why? Which actions or activities have had the greatest benefit in terms of delivering the desired outcomes? And, conversely, what prevented progress? b. Where are the opportunities? What are the financial, political, scientific and social opportunities for furthering the desired outcomes in the future? These objectives underpin the evaluation process for actions to date, and will also inform future actions and the iteration of a new nature strategy for England

The Grizzly, February 23, 1993

Helen Thomas, White House Correspondent Speaks • Pledging: Girls\u27 Results From Fall 1992 Versus Outward Bound, 1993 • Clinton\u27s Plans for Peace • Airband, MTV Here • Evaluating the Curriculum of Ursinus • Ursinus Welcomes Ishmael Reed • Movie Review: Sommersby • South Street: An Informative Perspective • Senior Profile: Casey Price • Who\u27s in Charge at 1600? • Letter to the Editor • Gymnasts Achieve Season-High • Two Ursinus Legends Step Down • Thomas adds Sports Manager Duties • Swimmers Done • Bears Finish 7-17; Look to Bright Futurehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1310/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 20, 1993

Two Officers Guilty in King Trial • U.C. Tutoring Program Benefits Local Students • Open Your Minds Ursinus: Give Art a Chance • Men\u27s Tennis Ups Record to 5-3 • Better Days on the Diamond • Men\u27s LaX Facing Tough Competitionhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1315/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 23, 1993

Ursinus Mourns The Loss of One of Our Own • Worst Storm of the Century • Danceteller Performs at Ursinus • Ursinus\u27s Own Ticketron • Consider Women\u27s Studies • Wismer Rolls Out the Red Carpet • College Needs Policy on Closing • No Class • The Right to Life • U.C. Baseball Heading in Right Direction • Softball Breaks Even in the Carolinas • Three Outstanding Jens • Gymnasts at Nationalshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1312/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, September 28, 1993

The Quilt\u27s Arrival: To Remember • Dawleys Appointed Biology Co-Chairs • Russian President Yeltsin Dissolves Parliament • Model UN Seeks New Delegation • Billy Joel Rocks Philly • Javapalooza • Big Al Day Exposed • Fitness Forum • Freshman Primer • Letter: Faculty Members Point Out Error • Tutorial Program Strengthens Ursinus • Ursinus Perceived as Anti-Gay • UC Training Staff Saves the Day • Bear Pack Way Ahead Again • Football Holds Off Western Maryland • Scooter\u27s Dayhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1319/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 2, 1993

Airband Raises Over $1300 for Charity • The United States of Europe with Modern Languages • Explosion at World Trade Center • Meistersingers to Tour New England • Flowers of Hope • Senior Profile: Maria Rojas • The Problem With Centrists • Men\u27s Track and Field at MACs • Gymnasts Finish With High Scorehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1311/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 9, 1993

Novelist Reed to Satire P.C. • New Twists on Pledging • Quilt Weaves Its Way to Ursinus • Doctor Fletcher, UC Professor Emeritus, Hospitalized • Airband is Coming • Coffee House Counts on a Big Semester • Senior Profile: Lynn Cunnane • Fox\u27s Latest Teensomething • A Degree is not Enough Today • The Absurdity of the Circular Argument • U.C. Gets Bad P.R.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1309/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 5, 1993

Girls\u27 Pledging Returns Full-Force! • India Shattered by Earthquakes • Acting PA Governor Will Hold TV Town Meeting at Ursinus • Freshman to Compete in Karate\u27s World Cup • Henry Moore Exhibit Opens Today • Charles Fambrough Quintet to Play Ursinus • Editorial: Pledging; Wellness Center • Intramurals Begin: Sign Up! • Bears Crush Garnet Into Pebbleshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1320/thumbnail.jp