1,561 research outputs found
Adding insult to rivalry: Exploring the discord communicated between rivals
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to extend current knowledge regarding rivalry communication among sport consumers to better understand how rivals behave with one another when they communicate.
Design/methodology/approach – This national survey of US sport consumers used a novel approach to explore whether and with whom rivals discuss National Football League (NFL) game outcomes. The survey captured both uniplex and multiplex data by asking respondents to name rival discussants with whom they had recently interacted, and the fan behaviors they exchanged with those named rival discussants.
Findings – Through use of this novel data collection approach, new findings were uncovered related to blasting, glory out of reflective failure, schadenfreude and the influence of team identification on the exchange of rivalry fan behaviors. The results of the uniplex and multiplex data analyses uniquely showcase the ways in which social identity theory combines with team identification to enact rivalry behavior.
Originality/value – This research is the first to precisely dichotomize the psychological antecedents from the communicated behavior between rival fans. Results reveal the precise ways in which team identification influences discordant communication between rival fans, which differs from past research in an interesting new way
Bi2Te1.6S1.4 - a Topological Insulator in the Tetradymite Family
We describe the crystal growth, crystal structure, and basic electrical
properties of Bi2Te1.6S1.4, which incorporates both S and Te in its Tetradymite
quintuple layers in the motif -[Te0.8S0.2]-Bi-S-Bi-[Te0.8S0.2]-. This material
differs from other Tetradymites studied as topological insulators due to the
increased ionic character that arises from its significant S content.
Bi2Te1.6S1.4 forms high quality crystals from the melt and is the S-rich limit
of the ternary Bi-Te-S {\gamma}-Tetradymite phase at the melting point. The
native material is n-type with a low resistivity; Sb substitution, with
adjustment of the Te to S ratio, results in a crossover to p-type and resistive
behavior at low temperatures. Angle resolved photoemission study shows that
topological surface states are present, with the Dirac point more exposed than
it is in Bi2Te3 and similar to that seen in Bi2Te2Se. Single crystal structure
determination indicates that the S in the outer chalcogen layers is closer to
the Bi than the Te, and therefore that the layers supporting the surface states
are corrugated on the atomic scale.Comment: To be published in Physical Review B Rapid Communications 16 douuble
spaced pages. 4 figures 1 tabl
Foregrounds for observations of the cosmological 21 cm line: II. Westerbork observations of the fields around 3C196 and the North Celestial Pole
In the coming years a new insight into galaxy formation and the thermal
history of the Universe is expected to come from the detection of the highly
redshifted cosmological 21 cm line. The cosmological 21 cm line signal is
buried under Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds which are likely to be a
few orders of magnitude brighter. Strategies and techniques for effective
subtraction of these foreground sources require a detailed knowledge of their
structure in both intensity and polarization on the relevant angular scales of
1-30 arcmin. We present results from observations conducted with the Westerbork
telescope in the 140-160 MHz range with 2 arcmin resolution in two fields
located at intermediate Galactic latitude, centred around the bright quasar
3C196 and the North Celestial Pole. They were observed with the purpose of
characterizing the foreground properties in sky areas where actual observations
of the cosmological 21 cm line could be carried out. The polarization data were
analysed through the rotation measure synthesis technique. We have computed
total intensity and polarization angular power spectra. Total intensity maps
were carefully calibrated, reaching a high dynamic range, 150000:1 in the case
of the 3C196 field. [abridged]Comment: 20 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. A version with
full resolution figures is available at
http://www.astro.rug.nl/~bernardi/NCP_3C196/bernardi.pd
Development and mapping of SNP assays in allotetraploid cotton
A narrow germplasm base and a complex allotetraploid genome have made the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers difficult in cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum). To generate sequence for SNP discovery, we conducted a genome reduction experiment (EcoRI, BafI double digest, followed by adapter ligation, biotin–streptavidin purification, and agarose gel separation) on two accessions of G. hirsutum and two accessions of G. barbadense. From the genome reduction experiment, a total of 2.04 million genomic sequence reads were assembled into contigs with an N50 of 508 bp and analyzed for SNPs. A previously generated assembly of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) provided an additional source for SNP discovery. Using highly conservative parameters (minimum coverage of 8× at each SNP and 20% minor allele frequency), a total of 11,834 and 1,679 non-genic SNPs were identified between accessions of G. hirsutum and G. barbadense in genome reduction assemblies, respectively. An additional 4,327 genic SNPs were also identified between accessions of G. hirsutum in the EST assembly. KBioscience KASPar assays were designed for a portion of the intra-specific G. hirsutum SNPs. From 704 non-genic and 348 genic markers developed, a total of 367 (267 non-genic, 100 genic) mapped in a segregating F2 population (Acala Maxxa × TX2094) using the Fluidigm EP1 system. A G. hirsutum genetic linkage map of 1,688 cM was constructed based entirely on these new SNP markers. Of the genic-based SNPs, we were able to identify within which genome (‘A’ or ‘D’) each SNP resided using diploid species sequence data. Genetic maps generated by these newly identified markers are being used to locate quantitative, economically important regions within the cotton genome
The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Mean Ages and Metallicities of Red Field Galaxies at z ~ 0.9 from Stacked Keck/DEIMOS Spectra
As part of the DEEP2 galaxy redshift survey, we analyze absorption line
strengths in stacked Keck/DEIMOS spectra of red field galaxies with weak to no
emission lines, at redshifts 0.7 <= z <= 1. Comparison with models of stellar
population synthesis shows that red galaxies at z ~ 0.9 have mean
luminosity-weighted ages of the order of only 1 Gyr and at least solar
metallicities. This result cannot be reconciled with a scenario where all stars
evolved passively after forming at very high z. Rather, a significant fraction
of stars can be no more than 1 Gyr old, which means that star formation
continued to at least z ~ 1.2. Furthermore, a comparison of these distant
galaxies with a local SDSS sample, using stellar populations synthesis models,
shows that the drop in the equivalent width of Hdelta from z ~ 0.9 to 0.1 is
less than predicted by passively evolving models. This admits of two
interpretations: either each individual galaxy experiences continuing low-level
star formation, or the red-sequence galaxy population from z ~ 0.9 to 0.1 is
continually being added to by new galaxies with younger stars.Comment: A few typos were corrected and numbers in Table 1 were revise
Prospects for detecting the 21cm forest from the diffuse intergalactic medium with LOFAR
We discuss the feasibility of the detection of the 21cm forest in the diffuse
IGM with the radio telescope LOFAR. The optical depth to the 21cm line has been
derived using simulations of reionization which include detailed radiative
transfer of ionizing photons. We find that the spectra from reionization models
with similar total comoving hydrogen ionizing emissivity but different
frequency distribution look remarkably similar. Thus, unless the reionization
histories are very different from each other (e.g. a predominance of UV vs.
x-ray heating) we do not expect to distinguish them by means of observations of
the 21cm forest. Because the presence of a strong x-ray background would make
the detection of 21cm line absorption impossible, the lack of absorption could
be used as a probe of the presence/intensity of the x-ray background and the
thermal history of the universe. Along a random line of sight LOFAR could
detect a global suppression of the spectrum from z>12, when the IGM is still
mostly neutral and cold, in contrast with the more well-defined, albeit broad,
absorption features visible at lower redshift. Sharp, strong absorption
features associated with rare, high density pockets of gas could be detected
also at z~7 along preferential lines of sight.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures. MNRAS, in pres
Structure-dependent exchange in the organic magnets Cu(II)Pc and Mn(II)Pc
We study exchange couplings in the organic magnets copper(II) phthalocyanine
(Cu(II)Pc) and manganese(II) phthalocyanine (Mn(II)Pc) by a combination of
Green's function perturbation theory and \textsl{ab initio} density-functional
theory (DFT). Based on the indirect exchange model our perturbation-theory
calculation of Cu(II)Pc qualitatively agrees with the experimental
observations. DFT calculations performed on Cu(II)Pc dimer show a very good
quantitative agreement with exchange couplings that we extract by using a
global fitting for the magnetization measurements to a spin-1/2 Bonner-Fisher
model. These two methods give us remarkably consistent trends for the exchange
couplings in Cu(II)Pc when changing the stacking angles. The situation is more
complex for Mn(II)Pc owing to the competition between super-exchange and
indirect exchange.Comment: 13 pages,10 figures. To appear in Physical Review
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