Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku terhadap Pencegahan serta Penanggulangan Hipertensi di Kabupaten Bogor

Latar Belakang: Menurut data WHO tahun 2011, hipertensi telah mengakibatkan kematian sekitar 8 juta orang setiap tahun. Menurut Kemenkes RI tahun 2019, jumlah penyandang hipertensi di dunia terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, diperkirakan pada tahun 2025 akan ada 1,5 miliar orang yang terkena hipertensi, dan diperkirakan setiap tahunnya 9,4 juta orang meninggal akibat hipertensi dan komplikasinya.Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat di RT 03 RW 03 dan RT 07 RW 06 Desa Cijayanti.Metode: Melakukan analisis situasi, prioritas masalah, pengembangan instrumen, dan survei determinan penyebab hipertensi. Pelaksanaan intervensi dilakukan kepada masyarakat di Desa Cijayanti baik yang berisiko maupun penderita hipertensi, dengan penempelan poster dan pemberian video edukasi melalui media sosial, serta pemberian x-banner dan kalender untuk mengetahui tanggal cek tekanan darah rutin. Kemudian dilakukan penilaian melalui post-test untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat.Hasil: Hipertensi di Desa Cijayanti disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat untuk mencegah dan menanggulanginya. Setelah dilakukan kegiatan intervensi, diberikan penilaian melalui post-test untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat.Simpulan: Berdasarkan penilaian melalui post-test kepada 13 responden setelah kegiatan intervensi, diperoleh peningkatan skor pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap pencegahan dan penanggulangan hipertensi

The Use of Complementary Alternative Medicine in HIV-infected Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Related Factors and Drug Interactions with Antiretroviral Therapy

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widespread among patients with chronic disease despite lack of supporting evidence for most CAM types. Concerned regarding higher risk of COVID-19 for HIV-infected patients, probably increase the use of CAM during COVID-19 pandemic in this population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors related to CAM use among HIV-infected patients during COVID-19 pandemic, then identify drug- to-drug interaction (DDI) of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs with CAM that they used. Methods: The study was conducted in HIV Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in September-October 2021, specifically targeting adults HIV-infected patients routinely using ARV. Demographic and clinical data, including COVID-19 and vaccine history, were taken from clinic survey and hospital medical records data. Results: 554 of 1275 patients (43.5%) reported using any type of ingested CAM during COVID-19 pandemic, mostly vitamins and/or minerals. Factors related to CAM use were history of COVID-19 infection (aOR 2.28; 95% CI 1.65-3.14) and 2-5 years ARV duration compared to more than 10 years (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.02–1.91). Five known potential interactions involving 20 patients and two potential weak interactions involving 8 patients were found, but many of other interactions categorized as unknown. Only limited number of patients (3.8%) were aware about the drug interaction between ARV and CAM that they used. Conclusion: CAM was commonly used by HIV-infected patients on ARV during the COVID-19 pandemics, but patient awareness related to CAM-ARV drug interactions was exteremely low