THE EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION GARMENTS ON RECOVERY PROCESS AFTER A MODERATE-INTENSITY RESISTANCE EXERCISE

The purpose of this study was to determine whether compression garments (CG) are effective in facilitating recovery after moderate-intensity resistance exercise. Fifteen male subjects performed experimental trials in CG and control conditions during recovery after a deep squat exercise. Jump height, muscle soreness, and creatine kinase (CK) were measured before, immediately after, 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise. The CK was higher at 24h after exercise than before exercise in both conditions (p = .009, ES = 1.58). The jump height decreased immediately (p = .003, ES = -1.22) and 24H (p = .012, ES = -.98) after exercise in both conditions. However, there were no significant differences in CK, jump height and muscle soreness between the two conditions at any time. The application of CG cannot aid in the recovery after a moderate-intensity resistance training

THE EFFECT OF RUNNING ECONOMY IN MALE RUNNERS WEARING 3 TYPES OF FOOTWEAR

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of running economy in male runners wearing Nike ZoomX Vaporfly Next%2(N), Qiaodan Feiying pb2(Q), and Xtep2(X) footwear. Twelve male middle-caliber runners (mean±SD, age: 21.0±2.0year, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max): 51.2±3.7ml/kg/min) attended 4 sessions. The first session consisted of a VO2max test to inform subsequent RE speeds set at 60%, 70%, and 80% of the speed eliciting VO2max (ʋVO2max). In subsequent sessions, treadmill RE was assessed in the 3 footwear conditions in a randomized, counterbalanced crossover design. Oxygen consumption (ml/kg/min) and energy expenditure (W/kg) was lesser in Q vs. X at 80% of ʋVO2max, and there had a significant difference between Q、N and X (p2max (p\u3e0.05). Overall, Qiaodan Feiying pb2 improved RE and energy expenditure in middle-caliber male runners at 80% of ʋVO2max compared to Xtep2, but these improvements had no differences among the 3 types of footwear at 60% and 70% of ʋVO2max

Uniform convergence of conditional distributions for one-dimensional diffusion processes

In this paper, we study the quasi-stationary behavior of the one-dimensional diffusion process with a regular or exit boundary at 0 and an entrance boundary at $\infty$. By using the Doob's $h$-transform, we show that the conditional distribution of the process converges to its unique quasi-stationary distribution exponentially fast in the total variation norm, uniformly with respect to the initial distribution. Moreover, we also use the same method to show that the conditional distribution of the process converges exponentially fast in the $\psi$-norm to the unique quasi-stationary distribution.Comment: 15 page

Variational Reasoning for Question Answering with Knowledge Graph

Knowledge graph (KG) is known to be helpful for the task of question answering (QA), since it provides well-structured relational information between entities, and allows one to further infer indirect facts. However, it is challenging to build QA systems which can learn to reason over knowledge graphs based on question-answer pairs alone. First, when people ask questions, their expressions are noisy (for example, typos in texts, or variations in pronunciations), which is non-trivial for the QA system to match those mentioned entities to the knowledge graph. Second, many questions require multi-hop logic reasoning over the knowledge graph to retrieve the answers. To address these challenges, we propose a novel and unified deep learning architecture, and an end-to-end variational learning algorithm which can handle noise in questions, and learn multi-hop reasoning simultaneously. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on a recent benchmark dataset in the literature. We also derive a series of new benchmark datasets, including questions for multi-hop reasoning, questions paraphrased by neural translation model, and questions in human voice. Our method yields very promising results on all these challenging datasets

Physicochemical Characterization of Inclusion Complex of Catechin and Glucosyl-β-Cyclodextrin

Purpose: To investigate the suitability of glucosyl-β-cyclodextrin (G-β-CD) to form inclusion complex with catechin, and characterize the physicochemical properties of the inclusion complex of catechin and G-β-CD.Methods: Catechin and G-β-CD was mixed in water at the same molar ratio, stirred at 20 °C for 48 h and lyophilized to obtain the complex. Its physicochemical properties were investigated by ultravioletvisible spectrometry (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Results: The characteristic UV absorption peaks for catechin, the physical mixture and the complex occurred at 279 nm. There was no significant difference between the IR spectra of the physical mixture and the complex. SEM and XRD data indicate that catechin was molecularly distributed in G-β-CD matrix and lost its crystallinity in the process. DSC indicate that the heat stability of catechin was significantly improved by complexing with G-β-CD.Conclusion: Catechin can efficiently interact with G-β-CD to form a complex by freeze-drying method. The complex of catechin and G-β-CD resulted in the changes in some of the characteristic spectral and thermal properties of the former. Furthermore, the heat stability of catechin is significantly improved.Keywords: Catechin, Glucosyl-β-cyclodextrin, Complex, Physicochemical propert