Tebang Pilih Mengubah Keanekaragaman Semut Tanah Hutan di Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia

  This study assesses the short-term effects of selective cutting on the diversity of ground ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the secondary rainforest. Ground ants were collected using a pitfall trap in a circular sample plot of 0.5 ha. A total of nine sample plots were randomly placed in a 98-ha cutting compartment. Fifteen pitfall traps were planted in each circular plot.  A total of 135 pitfall traps were established in the cutting compartment. The average cutting intensity of 8 trees/haas applied in the cutting compartment. Insect sampling and measurement of environmental factors were carried before cutting and two days after cutting. In this study, the abundance, diversity, species richness, and evenness index of ground ants before cutting compared to after cutting. The results of this study indicated that the short-term impact of selective cutting on ground ants was varied. Selective cutting may increase or decrease the abundance and morphospecies composition of ground ants. The abundance of forager and ground-dwelling omnivores increased after selective cutting, whereas for the predator, scavenger, and seed disperser ants were decreased after selective cutting. Keywords: biodiversity, forest conservation, ground ant, selective cuttin

EFFECTIVENESS OF Beauveria bassiana AGAINST Coptotermes curvignathus

Termites are important pests to human life which can cause severe economic loss in Indonesia. Termites are not only attacking the wood products, but also the living plants with wide host distribution. Implementation of biological agents for termites control is one way to reduce the implementation of synthetic termiticide since it is considered to be more environmentally friendly and doesn’t cause resistance to termites. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of conidial density levels of Beauveria bassiana from various media types against Coptotermes curvignathus mortality. The research was designed using factorial completely randomized design by combining media types with conidial density levels. B. bassiana suspensions were made from three types of liquid media consist of Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Malt Extract Broth (MEB) and Sabouraud Dextrose Broth with Yeast Extract (SDBY). The suspension with density of 108, 106, and 104 conidia ml-1 from PDB, MEB, and SDBY media were applied to Coptotermes curvignathus. The results showed that all types of nutrients sources (PDB, MEB and SDBY) did not affect the virulence of B. bassiana conidial suspensions against C. curvignathus mortality. Nevertheless, C. curvignathus mortality were affected by the differences of conidial density levels from B. bassiana suspension.Key words: Beauveria bassiana, conidial density, media, mortalit

Termite Biodiversity in Gunung Walat Education Forest, Sukabumi

Termites are social insects that are polimorfis that live in a colonial. It has a caste system. Each caste has different body morphology. The warrior caste has the typical form of mandible. Termites can be identified by observing the size of head as well as the mandibel of the warrior caste. This research aims to know the diversity of termites in Mount Walat Education forest, Sukabumi, West Java. Termites were found preserved in film canisters containing alcohol 70%. Based on research results from five locations namely termites at the stands of agathis, pine, puspa, agroforestri and around the mess (Inn). Schedorhinotermes is a genus of the family Rhinotermitidae members most often encountered, from twenty-six instances gained thirteen of which were species of termites from members of the genus Schedorhinotermes. Thirteen other termites example i.e. genus Macrotermes, Odontotermes, with a total of six and five respectively while the genus Pericapritermes and Nasutitermes respectively amounted to a single instance

Pemanfaatan Etnobotani dari Hutan Tropis Bengkulu sebagai Pestisida

Sumatra Island in Indonesia has a high potency of plants diversities. Traditional people  have a local wisdom, like using plants extract for pest control which considered as an alternative technique that practical, economical, and environmentally safe. The aim of this study was to do inventory on pest control plants widely used by traditional people in the island.  In order to analys the pest control efectivity of the plants, analysis on bioactivities of crude extracts on pest Spodoptera litura was done in invitro scale.  The research was carried out in Rejang Lebong District, Bengkulu.  Bioactivities test was done in Laboratory of Forest Protection, Palembang Forestry Research Institute. The results revealed as much as 25 species plants potential as biopesticide. Among these plants, 5 species used as fish poison, 17 species used as pesticide, 7 species used as rat poison, and 1 species used as nematode poison. Traditional people in Rejang Lebong District have a long history using these plants regularly to control some pests. Sitawar (Costus speciosus), puar kilat (Globba sp.), and legundi (Vitex trifolia) extracts affected mortalities and inhibitor S. litura development significantly

Diversity of Soil Fauna and Its Role to Decomposition Rate of Hevea barsilliensis Litter at Kebun Percobaan Cibodas – Ciampea Bogor

Indonesia is one of the tropical countries that has a rich biodiversity. Forest is natural habitat for soil fauna to maintain the continuity of their life. However, there is limited information about soil fauna, particularlly in Indonesia, therefore it needs to do the research about identification of soil fauna and its roles towards the process that occurs in the soil. This research was conducted at Kebun Percobaan Cibodas - Ciampea Bogor and Forest Entomology Laboratory of the Faculty of Forestry IPB. The steps undertaken in this study were identify of soil fauna and analysed decomposition rate. Results showed that soil fauna found in research sites for 12 weeks observation period consists of: a phylum (Arthropoda), three classes (Hexapoda, Arachnida and Chilopoda), 18 orders (Acari, Blattaria, Coleoptera, Collembolla, Diplura, Diptera, Dermaptera, Geophilomorpha, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lithobiomorpha, Opiliones, Psocoptera, Siphonaptera, Scolopendromorpha, Scorpionida, Solifugae, dan Thysanoptera), 34 families and 42 genus. Based on plot location, average litter decomposition rate per two-week were 35.07% (edge), 33.02% (middle), and 32.07% (interior). The highest decomposition rate occurred in early weeks of decomposition time which happen on the second week. Relationship between total soil fauna biodiversity with decomposition rate is straight line. The corelation between rate of litter decomposition with litter weight towards decomposition time is strongly negative (Pearson correlation = - 0.846). Plot location and harvesting time significantly affected towards weight litter decrease and rate of decomposition

Arboreal Arthropods Species Diversity in Mangrove Forest Ciletuh, Sukabumi, West Java

This research was conducted in the mangrove areas Ciletuh, Sukabumi managed by Pokmasi Mandrajaya. Ciletuh mangrove area is occupied by mixed mangrove tree species. Mangrove is the habitat of a wide variety of arthropods and other canopy arthropods. Arthropods are one of the biotic components that play a role in multiple levels in an ecosystem. The existence of arthropods can be an indicator of the balance of the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to estimate the abundance and diversity of arthropods in the canopy of Ciletuh mangrove areas. The study was conducted by analyzing vegetation, canopy arthropod catching by the beating-tray method, measurements of temperature and humidity. The results showed that canopy arthropods at 6 mangrove zoning in Ciletuh mangrove forest consisting of 21 families. Family that dominate in Ciletuh mangrove forest are family Formicidae in the class of Insecta and family Salticidae in the class of Arachnida. Keywords: arboreal arthropods, beating-tray, Ciletuh, mangrovePenelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan mangrove Ciletuh, Sukabumi yang dikelola oleh LSM Pokmasi Mandrajaya. Kawasan mangrove Ciletuh merupakan tegakan mangrove campuran. Mangrove merupakan habitat dari berbagai macam arthropoda dan arthropoda tajuk lainnya. Arthropoda adalah salah satu komponen biotik yang berperan dalam beberapa tingkatan pada suatu ekosistem. Keberadaan arthropoda dapat menjadi indikator keseimbangan ekosistem. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menduga kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman jenis arthropoda tajuk pada kawasan mangrove Ciletuh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis vegetasi, penangkapan arthropoda tajuk dengan metode beating-tray, pengukuran suhu dan kelembaban udara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arthopoda tajuk pada 6 zonasi tegakan di kawasan mangrove Ciletuh terdiri dari 21 famili. Famili yang mendominasi adalah famili Formicidae pada kelas Insecta dan famili Salticidae pada kelas Arachnida. Kata kunci: arthropoda tajuk, beating-tray, Ciletuh, mangrov

Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Panjang Cabang Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) dan Produktivitas Lak di KPH Probolinggo

Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) is a host plant that becomes priority in lac culture in Indonesia. Shellac is one of the non-timber forest product commodities, which is potential to be one of foreign exchange sources. World demand of shellac is increasing throughout the year so that the improvement of shellac productivity is required to fulfill the demand. One of the alternatives is implementing the fertilization due to host plant quality improvement considering that host plant is the source of nutrient of shellac. The activity of fertilization aims to understand the effect of fertilization dosage to the improvement of the branch length as well as productivity of shellac in KPH Probolinggo. The greatest average value of branch length during three and six months, respectively were 66.48 cm and 83.24 cm. While, the greatest average value of shellac productivity was 84.29 g. The treatment of fertilization in different dosage to the kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.) was not give significant effect to the length of branch as well as shellac productivity. Keywords: fertilization, Kesambi, Shella

Peranan Semut di Ekosistem Transformasi Hutan Hujan Tropis Dataran Rendah

Deforestasi atau perubahan fungsi dari hutan menjadi non-hutan berperan dalam perubahan ekosistem dan spesies di dalamnya. Serangga sebagai salah satu fauna di dalamnya merupakan aspek yang menarik untuk dikaji khususnya semut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi peranan-peranan dari genus semut yang ditemukan di ekosistem transformasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Bungku, Kecamatan Bajubang, Kabupaten Batanghari, Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah membuat plot pengamatan secara purposive sampling. Plot pengamatan dipasang di empat eksosistem hutan dengan jumlah masing - masing ekosistem sebanyak empat plot. Setiap plot memiliki lima sub plot yang tersebar di empat eksosistem hutan untuk pemasangan pitfall trap. Teknik pengambilan sampel semut menggunakan pitfall trap di empat ekosistem. Empat ekosistem tersebut yaitu hutan sekunder, perkebunan kelapa sawit, kebun karet, dan hutan karet. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 33 genus dari 6 subfamili. Selanjutnya dari 33 genus dikelompokkan berdasarkan peranannya. Berdasarkan peranannya terdapat 46% pencari makan , 36% predator, 3% semut tentara, 3% pemakan bangkai, dan 3% lainnya (semut pemanen/pemetik, omnivora, predator, dan pemakan bangkai). Camponotus sebagai genus dominan memiliki peranan pencari makan, dan Pheidole mempunyai peranan sebagai penghancur biji dan sebagian lainnya adalah omnivora. The Role of Ants in Lowland Tropical Rainforest TransformationAbstractDeforestation or changes functions from forest to non-forest play a role in changing ecosystems and the species within them. Insect as one of the fauna is an interesting aspect to study, especially ants. Aims of this study is to identify the roles of the genus of ants that found in the transformation ecosystem. This study was conducted in Bungku Village, Bajubang District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi. Method used in this study is to make a plot of observation by purposive sampling. Ant sampling techniques use pitfall traps in four ecosystems i.e.. secondary forest, oil palm plantation,rubber plantation, and jungle rubber. This study found 33 genera from 6 subfamilies. Furthermore, 33 genera are grouped based on their roles, i.e. (1) 46% foragers, (2) 36% for predators, (3) 3% for army ants, (4) 3% for scavengers, and (5) 3% for others (harvesting ants, omnivores, predators and scavengers too). Camponotus as the dominant genus has a role for foragers, and Pheidole has a role as a seed destroyer and the other part is omnivorous

HAMA MANGROVE DI KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR, KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA, KALIMANTAN BARAT Mangrove Pests at Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan

Mangrove ecosystem is a complex tropical forest ecosystem that is able to live and to adapt in coastal environments.Unfortunatelly, its existence is vulnerable to the environmental change. Unless utilization of mangrove forest is notfollowed by enrichment and rehabilitation, it will lead to degradation of logged-over land such as pest and diseaseinfestation. The pest study was conducted in mangrove stands in PT. Bina Ovivipari Semesta (BIOS), Kubu Raya, WestKalimantan. The result of study consisted of three sample plots obtained from the average of mangrove pest on thecutting area of 2017 (93.33%), attack intensity (28%). Additionally, the average of cutting area of 2012 were at 91.95%and attack intensity (29%) while the protection forest obtained the average of attack at 79.23% and attack intensity(21.87%). The results of pest identification of mangrove arboretum were 9 pests, including pagoda bagworm (Pagodiellaspp.), bagworm (Acanthopsyche sp.), krama / tree climbing crab (Episesarma spp.), nacerdes beetle (Xanthochroa sp.),aphid (Prociphilus tessellatus), barnacles (Balanus amphitrite), snails (Gastropoda Class), cobwebs, leatherleaf slugs(Vaginula bleekeri).Key words: Kubu Raya, Mangrove, Pagodiella spp., PT. BIO

Composition and abundance of collembola in primary and logged over forest.

The composition and abundance of collembola among three different forest habitats of the Sungai Lalang Forest Reserve, Selangor Malaysia were compared.The three forest habitats selected were primary forest,5-year old logged over forest(LOF) and 10-year old LOF. Result shows that primary forest had higher total number of Collembola as compared to that of LOF. Members of the entomobryidae had the most number of individual while onychiuidae, and isotomidae was found only in 5-year old LOF. Result of this study implies that primary forest conditions have a significant impact on abundance and composition of collembola communities