1,859 research outputs found
Automatic Composition Recommendations for Portrait Photography
A user with no training in photography that takes pictures using a smartphone or other camera is often not able to capture attractive portrait photographs. This disclosure describes techniques to automatically determine optimal camera view-angles and frame elements, and to generate instructions to guide users to capture better composed photographs. An ultra-wide (UW) image is obtained via a stream parallel to a wide (W) image stream that the user previews during the capture of a photograph. The UW image is used as a guide to determine an optimal field of view (FoV) for the W-image, e.g., to determine an optimal foreground and background composition; to add elements that enhance artistic value; to omit elements that detract from artistic value; etc. Standard techniques of good photography, e.g., rule of thirds, optimal head orientation, etc. can be used to guide the user to obtain an optimal FoV that results in an attractive photograph
A Local-Pattern Related Look-Up Table
This paper describes a Relevance-Zone pattern table (RZT) that can be used to
replace a traditional transposition table. An RZT stores exact game values for
patterns that are discovered during a Relevance-Zone-Based Search (RZS), which
is the current state-of-the-art in solving L&D problems in Go. Positions that
share the same pattern can reuse the same exact game value in the RZT. The
pattern matching scheme for RZTs is implemented using a radix tree, taking into
consideration patterns with different shapes. To improve the efficiency of
table lookups, we designed a heuristic that prevents redundant lookups. The
heuristic can safely skip previously queried patterns for a given position,
reducing the overhead to 10% of the original cost. We also analyze the time
complexity of the RZT both theoretically and empirically. Experiments show the
overhead of traversing the radix tree in practice during lookup remain flat
logarithmically in relation to the number of entries stored in the table.
Experiments also show that the use of an RZT instead of a traditional
transposition table significantly reduces the number of searched nodes on two
data sets of 7x7 and 19x19 L&D Go problems.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Games (under review
Developmental Acquisition of Regulomes Underlies Innate Lymphoid Cell Functionality
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play key roles in host defense, barrier integrity, and homeostasis and mirror adaptive CD4(+) T helper (Th) cell subtypes in both usage of effector molecules and transcription factors. To better understand the relationship between ILC subsets and their Th cell counterparts, we measured genome-wide chromatin accessibility. We find that chromatin in proximity to effector genes is selectively accessible in ILCs prior to high-level transcription upon activation. Accessibility of these regions is acquired in a stepwise manner during development and changes little after in vitro or in vivo activation. Conversely, dramatic chromatin remodeling occurs in naive CD4(+) T cells during Th cell differentiation using a type-2-infection model. This alteration results in a substantial convergence of Th2 cells toward ILC2 regulomes. Our data indicate extensive sharing of regulatory circuitry across the innate and adaptive compartments of the immune system, in spite of their divergent developing pathways
Tailoring excitonic states of van der Waals bilayers through stacking configuration, band alignment and valley-spin
Excitons in monolayer semiconductors have large optical transition dipole for
strong coupling with light field. Interlayer excitons in heterobilayers, with
layer separation of electron and hole components, feature large electric dipole
that enables strong coupling with electric field and exciton-exciton
interaction, at the cost that the optical dipole is substantially quenched (by
several orders of magnitude). In this letter, we demonstrate the ability to
create a new class of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) hetero-
and homo-bilayers that combines the advantages of monolayer- and
interlayer-excitons, i.e. featuring both large optical dipole and large
electric dipole. These excitons consist of an electron that is well confined in
an individual layer, and a hole that is well extended in both layers, realized
here through the carrier-species specific layer-hybridization controlled
through the interplay of rotational, translational, band offset, and
valley-spin degrees of freedom. We observe different species of such
layer-hybridized valley excitons in different heterobilayer and homobilayer
systems, which can be utilized for realizing strongly interacting
excitonic/polaritonic gases, as well as optical quantum coherent controls of
bidirectional interlayer carrier transfer either with upper conversion or down
conversion in energy
MiniZero: Comparative Analysis of AlphaZero and MuZero on Go, Othello, and Atari Games
This paper presents MiniZero, a zero-knowledge learning framework that
supports four state-of-the-art algorithms, including AlphaZero, MuZero, Gumbel
AlphaZero, and Gumbel MuZero. While these algorithms have demonstrated
super-human performance in many games, it remains unclear which among them is
most suitable or efficient for specific tasks. Through MiniZero, we
systematically evaluate the performance of each algorithm in two board games,
9x9 Go and 8x8 Othello, as well as 57 Atari games. For two board games, using
more simulations generally results in higher performance. However, the choice
of AlphaZero and MuZero may differ based on game properties. For Atari games,
both MuZero and Gumbel MuZero are worth considering. Since each game has unique
characteristics, different algorithms and simulations yield varying results. In
addition, we introduce an approach, called progressive simulation, which
progressively increases the simulation budget during training to allocate
computation more efficiently. Our empirical results demonstrate that
progressive simulation achieves significantly superior performance in two board
games. By making our framework and trained models publicly available, this
paper contributes a benchmark for future research on zero-knowledge learning
algorithms, assisting researchers in algorithm selection and comparison against
these zero-knowledge learning baselines. Our code and data are available at
https://rlg.iis.sinica.edu.tw/papers/minizero.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Games, under revie
IMECE 2005-83000 AN EFFICIENT VOLUMETRIC-ERROR MEASUREMENT METHOD FOR FIVE-AXIS MACHINE TOOLS
ABSTRACT Accurate measurement of volumetric errors plays an important role for error compensation for multi-axis machines. The error measurements for volumetric errors of five-axis machines are usually very complex and costly than that for three-axis machines. In this study, a direct and simple measurement method using telescoping ball-bar system for volumetric errors for different types of five-axis machines was developed. The method using two-step measurement methodology and incorporating with derived error models, can quickly determine the five degrees-of-freedom (DOF) volumetric errors of five-axis machine tools. Comparing to most of the current used measurement methods, the proposed method provides the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy setup, and high accuracy
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