Application of Lean System Principles in Healthcare Services Using Arena Simulation

يهدف هذا البحث لتطبيق مبدأ نظام  الترشيق في قسم الطوارئ لمستشفى الشيخ زايد  حيث يستخدم هذا المبدأ من اجل تقليل  الضياعات واوقات الانتظار لزيادة رضا المريض. ان استخدام مبدأ لترشيق يحدد الضياعات ولكن لا يحدد اي الضياعات تحتاج للتقليل لذلك يتم الاعتماد على انظمة المحاكاة . تم إنشاء مخطط تدفق المرضى لدراسة المدة الإجمالية لبقاء المريض في قسم الطوارئ واوقات الانتظار واستغلال الموارد البشرية. حيث كانت النتائج من نموذج المحاكاة وكما يلي: الوقت الكلي للمريض الواحد من بداية دخول قسم الطوارئ الى خروجه (65 دقيقة)  و عدد امرضى الواردين للقسم خلال الدوام الصباحي (241 مريض)  من ناحية اخرى فأن معدل استغلال الموارد البشرية كانت ( الاطباء  83% الممرضين 13% وموضفي الاستعلامات 95%). وهذا يوضح قابلية وفعالية تطبيق مبدأ نظام الترشيق باستخدام نموذج محاكاة كأداة للتنفيذ المسبق لتحسينات في قطاعات الرعاية الصحية.This research aims to apply lean principles to the Emergency Department (ED) at Sheikh Zayed Hospital. Lean techniques are used in order to eliminate waste, waits and increased patient satisfaction. Lean defines the wastes but not identify which waste should be eliminated for this reason Arena 14.00 Rockwell simulation software used to analyze the ED performance. Patient's flow chart was created to study the total duration of patients stay in the ED, the waiting time and the utilization of resources based on the lean principles approach. The results identified and concluded from simulation model were as the follows, the patient flow time was (65) minute for each patient (total time that patient spent from the beginning of his entry into the ED until he discharged), while patient throughput in morning shift about (241) patient (the number of patients attending the department during morning hours). On the other hand, the utilization ratio of doctors, nurses, receptionists were (83 %, 13 %, and 95 %) respectively. This is demonstrating the applicability and effectiveness of lean principles to ED processes using the simulation model as a pre-implementation tool for improvements in health care sectors.&nbsp

Antidiabetic and Toxicity Assessment of Combination of Piper Nigrum and Artocarpus Hetropyllus

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:To assess the antidiabetic and toxicological studies of the combination of Piper nigrum and Artocarpus hetrophyllus. To achieve this primary aim we set a following objective. To evaluate the taxonomical studies To study the pharmacognostical property of Piper nigrum and Artocarpus hetrophyllus To evaluate the various toxicological study –accute and sub acute toxicity-by animal models To evaluate the antidiabetic activity of the combnation of Piper nigrum and Artocarpus hetrophyllus by stz induced animal models SUMMARY: Phytochemical screening Qualitative Phytochemical screening and ethno botanical survey on the Artocarpus Hetrophyllus Leaf extracts the presented of certain phyto constitutions such, Proteins and amino acids, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, terpenoids. Qualitative Phytochemical screening and ethno botanical survey on the Piper Nigrum Leaf extracts the presented of certain phyto constitutions such steroids, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, terpenoids The phytochemical constituents such as glycosides, tannins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and flavonoids may be linked to the anti diabetic activity.Acute toxicity studies To check the safety profile of the combination of the leaf extract of Piper Nigrum and Artocarpus Hetrophyllus in the ratio of 1:1, it was subjected to the acute toxicity study which conformed the absence of any toxicity or mortality at the higher dose of 2000mg/kg. Thus the Extract can be classified as a safe drug category according to the Global harmonized Classification System quoted in the OECD guidelines 1996. Based on the Toxicity studies 100mg/kg is used as a dose of extract and middle dose 200mg/kg and higher dose as 400mg/kg used for sub-acute toxicity studies. Sub-acute toxicity studies Sub-acute toxicity study was done and the results shows nontoxic nature for the Extract. Also, all the animals from control and all the treated groups up to dose 400 mg/kg survived throughout the dosing period of 28 days. Animals from all the treated groups exhibited comparable body weight gain with that of controls throughout the dosing period. No significant changes in the organ weight were observed. Furthermore no specific cell damage was noticed by the microscopic examination. The central and autonomic profiles were normal throughout the study and no specific alterations were noticed. CONCLUSION: The presented study is an attempt to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of the combination of the leaf extract of Piper Nigrum and Artocarpus Hetrophyllus in the ratio of 1:1 on Streptozotocin induced diabetic in albino rats. The Phytochemical study was screening showed the presence of tannins, carbohydrate, Flavonoids and reducing sugar which is responsible for the anti-diabetic activity. The animals were induced with STZ at a dose of 60mg/kg intraperatoneal and the diabetic animals were treated with Extract at a dose of 200mg/kg for 28 days orally. The serum glucose, body weight were measured which show significantly increased when compare with positive control group. The finding of the presence investigation suggests the Extract has potential for its evaluation as protective agents against toxicity induced by Streptozotocin. Mechanism of the extract is not completely established which may further done for protective action in the future studie

STEP- Based Assembly Feature Recognition Using Attribute Adjacency Graph for Prismatic Parts

This paper introduces the concept of STEP AP203(STandard for Exchange of Product model data) an ISO standard as a neutral format for exchange of CAD model data between different CAD/CAM systems, and how STEP AP 203 data is stored and how the feature information can be extracted and recognized from STEP file. In this paper a hybrid (graph and rule) based approach is used to recognize the features of mechanical prismatic parts. The Attribute Adjacency Graph (AAG) and Attribute Adjacency Matrix (AAM) approaches are used to recognize the form features, and rule based approach is used to recognize assembly features.The proposed methodology in this paper has been completely implemented by designing an integrated system called STEP-based Assembly Sequence Planning (ST-ASP) system. The (ST-ASP) system is built by using Visual Basic 6.0 supported by Solid works 2011 package and implemented on (HP Pavilion dv6) PC. The (ST-ASP) system is directed to 3D prismatic parts. The form features explored in this system include both depression and protrusion features, and the assembly mating relations explored in this system include; against, fit, and insert which is used in recognize assembly features. Finally the system has been tested to carry out a case study to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology.Keywords:STEP, feature recognition, form feature, assembly feature, mating relations, attribute adjacent graph (AAG)

Copolymerization of CO₂ and Cyclohexene Oxide: β‑Diketiminate-Supported Zn(II)OMe and Zn(II)Et Complexes as Initiators

β-Diketiminate ligands with varying degrees of steric bulkiness and having −CN and −NO₂ groups on <i>N</i>-aryl substituents were synthesized. The catalytic activity of some of their [LZnEt] and [LZnOMe]₂ complexes (L = β-diketiminato) toward the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and cyclohexene oxide was explored. All the catalysts were found to be highly active and showed very good turnover frequency, and the polycarbonates produced have a very high percentage of carbonate linkages. The complex [L^iPr,Me‑CNZnEt] showed very high activity and selectivity on par with its zinc methoxide analogue. The polymers produced by [LZnEt] complexes displayed a bimodal molecular weight distribution

Copolymerization of CO₂ and Cyclohexene Oxide: β‑Diketiminate-Supported Zn(II)OMe and Zn(II)Et Complexes as Initiators

β-Diketiminate ligands with varying degrees of steric bulkiness and having −CN and −NO₂ groups on <i>N</i>-aryl substituents were synthesized. The catalytic activity of some of their [LZnEt] and [LZnOMe]₂ complexes (L = β-diketiminato) toward the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and cyclohexene oxide was explored. All the catalysts were found to be highly active and showed very good turnover frequency, and the polycarbonates produced have a very high percentage of carbonate linkages. The complex [L^iPr,Me‑CNZnEt] showed very high activity and selectivity on par with its zinc methoxide analogue. The polymers produced by [LZnEt] complexes displayed a bimodal molecular weight distribution

Modelling of processes of operative management by multiphasic serving systems

Приведено описание системы моделирования обслуживающего комплекса и её программной реализации. Для обслуживающего комплекса приведены структуры данных представления о наличии и динамической занятости приборов и маршрутах обслуживания требований. Показаны результаты моделирования алгоритма адаптивного оперативного управления обслуживающим комплексом на основе утверждения о критичной группе приборов и следствия из него и их анализ по сравнению с алгоритмом полного перебора всех последовательностей требований пакета запуска.Наведено опис системи моделювання обслуговуючого комплексу і її програмної реалізації. Показано результати моделювання алгоритму адаптивного оперативного управління обслуговуючим комплексом на основі твердження про критичну групу приладів і наслідок з нього і їх аналіз у порівнянні з алгоритмом повного перебору всіх послідовностей вимог пакета запуску.The description of system of modelling of a serving complex and its program realization is resulted. Results of modelling of algorithm of adaptive operative management are shown by a serving complex on the basis of the statement about critical group of devices and consequences from him and their analysis in comparison with algorithm full перебора all sequences of requirements of a package of start