Additional file 1 of Association between light at night and the risk of child death in sub-saharan Africa: a cross-sectional analysis based on DHS data

Supplementary Material 1: Figure S1. Flow diagram of the country selection progress in the analysis. Figure S2. Distribution of LAN in Africa in 2005. Figure S3. Changes in annual mean LAN in the 15 countries included in this study from 2005 to 2013. Figure S4. Correlation between household wealth quantile and LAN in the 15 countries included in this study. Table S1. Distribution of Under 5 mortality rate and LAN level for the study population in urban and rural areas in 15 African countries. Table S2. Stratified analysis of LAN and risk of child mortality in Afric

Air Pollution and Cardiac Arrest: A More Significant Intermediate Role of COPD than Cardiac Events

No prior studies have linked long-term air pollution exposure to incident sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) or its possible development trajectories. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and SCA, as well as possible intermediate diseases. Based on the UK Biobank cohort, Cox proportional hazard model was applied to explore associations between air pollutants and SCA. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were selected as intermediate conditions, and multistate model was fitted for trajectory analysis. During a median follow-up of 13.7 years, 2884 participants developed SCA among 458 237 individuals. The hazard ratios (HRs) for SCA were 1.04–1.12 per interquartile range increment in concentrations of fine particulate matter, inhalable particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. Most prominently, air pollutants could induce SCA through promoting transitions from baseline health to COPD (HRs: 1.06–1.24) and then to SCA (HRs: 1.16–1.27). Less importantly, SCA could be developed through transitions from baseline health to MACE (HRs: 1.02–1.07) and further to SCA (HRs: 1.12–1.16). This study provides novel and compelling evidence that long-term exposure to air pollution could promote the development of SCA, with COPD serving as a more important intermediate condition than MACE

Oxidative stress in HUVECs after intervened by vitamin E (Ve) and Ω-3 fatty acids (Ω-3 FA) (n = 3 per group).

The blank group has no nutrients. The control groups have no PM2.5. A&B, representative MDA detection of supernatant; C&D, intracellular SOD activity. Significant difference **pp#p ##p < 0.05 vs. previous group in the bar graph.</p

The quality of life of patients with chronic fanigue syndrome

<p>The blank group has no nutrients. The control groups have no PM_2.5. A&B, representative IL-6 detection; C&D, TNF-α detection. Significant difference **<i>p</i>< 0.01, *<i>p</i>< 0.05 vs. blank group; ^#<i>p</i> < 0.05, ^##<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. previous group in the bar graph.</p

Additional file 1 of Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial

Supplementary Material

Cell viability & membrane integrity in HUVECs after treated with vitamin E (Ve) and Ω-3 fatty acids (Ω-3 FA) (n = 3 per group).

The blank group has no nutrients. The control groups have no PM2.5. A&B, representative cell viability; C&D, membrane integrity. Significant difference **pp#p ##p < 0.05 vs. previous group in the bar graph.</p

Additional file 1 of Progression of severity in coronavirus disease 2019 patients before treatment and a self-assessment scale to predict disease severity

Additional file 1. Supplementary Material

Combined action of vitamin E (Ve) and Ω-3 fatty acids (Ω-3 FA) (n = 3 per group).

<p>The blank group has no nutrients. The control groups have no PM_2.5. A1&A2, representative cell membrane integrity; B1-D2, oxidative stress of HUVECs; E1-F2, the level of inflammatory cytokines. Significant difference **<i>p</i>< 0.01, *<i>p</i>< 0.05 vs. blank group; ^#<i>p</i> < 0.05, ^##<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. previous group in the bar graph.</p

Pearson's correlations among asthma hospital admissions, meteorological factors and air pollutants.

<p>DMT: daily mean temperature; DLT: daily lowest temperature; DHT: daily highest temperature; RH: relative humidity;</p><p>JS: rainfall; WS: wind speed.</p><p>** <i>P<0.001</i>, * <i>P<0.05.</i></p

Associations (OR, 95%CI) between home dampness levels (L_damp/H_damp) and childhood asthma and allergic diseases controlling for V/C scores by multiple logistic regression analyses ^a.

<p>** <i>P</i>_<i>trend</i> <0.01; *** <i>P</i>_<i>trend</i> <0.001; NS: no statistical significance. ^a Controlling for children’s age, gender, ethnicity, history of PAA, ETS, dwellings’ location and V/C scores (Lv/c and Hv/c). The association trend between L_damp and H_damp in reference to Ref_damp was tested on its statistical significance.</p