Bilateral segmental lung transplantation for children: Transplantation using split adult living-donor lower lobe

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Reporting and methodological qualities of systematic reviews in rehabilitation journals following an update of the PRISMA 2020 statement: A cross-sectional meta-epidemiological study

Questions How has the use of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement improved the quality of reporting and methodology in systematic reviews (SRs) in rehabilitation journals? Design Cross-sectional meta-epidemiologic study. Participants We selected SRs with pairwise meta-analyses on the effects of health interventions, which were published in rehabilitation journals in 2020, 2021, and 2022 using MEDLINE (PubMed). We defined exposure as use of the PRISMA 2020 statement. A control group consisted of SRs that did not use the PRISMA 2020 statement. Outcome measures The PRISMA 2020, PRISMA 2020 for abstracts, and assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews (AMSTAR) 2 items. Results We identified 13381 articles after conducting a search on April 2, 2023. We included 100 articles each that used and those that did not use the PRISMA 2020 statement. The PRISMA 2020 statement did not lead to any major improvement, and only a slight improvement of 9.8% (4/41) was observed when compared with those that did not use the PRISMA 2020 statement. Similarly, no item improved in the PRISMA 2020 for abstracts, and only 5.6% (1/18) improved in the AMSTAR 2 items. Conclusion This study showed that the use of the PRISMA 2020 statement did not result in any major improvements; however, only a slight improvement was observed in the reporting and methodological qualities of SRs in rehabilitation journals. Researchers should adhere to each item in the PRISMA 2020 statement in SRs published in rehabilitation journals. Registration osf.io https://osf.io/uca5n

Impact of changes in skeletal muscle mass and quality during the waiting time on outcomes of lung transplantation

Introduction: The association of changes in skeletal muscle mass and quality during the waiting time with outcomes of lung transplantation (LT) remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association of changes in skeletal muscle mass and quality during the waiting time, as well as preoperative skeletal muscle mass and quality, with outcomes of LT. Methods: This study included individuals who underwent LT from brain-dead donors. Skeletal muscle mass (cm2/m2) and quality (mean Hounsfield units [HU]) of the erector spinae muscle at the 12th thoracic level were evaluated using computed tomography. Preoperative skeletal muscle mass and quality, and their changes during the waiting time were calculated. We evaluated the associations among mechanical ventilation (MV) duration, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, 6-minute walk distance at discharge, and 5-year survival after LT. Results: This study included 98 patients. The median waiting time was 594.5 days (interquartile range [IQR], 355.0–913.0). The median changes in skeletal muscle mass and quality were −4.4% (IQR, −13.3–3.1) and −2.9% (IQR, −16.0–4.1), respectively. Severe low skeletal muscle mass at LT was associated with prolonged ICU LOS (B = 8.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .51–16.42) and hospital LOS (B = 36.00, 95% CI: 3.23–68.78). Pronounced decrease in skeletal muscle mass during the waiting time was associated with prolonged MV duration (B = 7.85, 95% CI: .89–14.81) and ICU LOS (B = 7.97, 95% CI: .83–15.10). Conclusion: Maintaining or increasing skeletal muscle mass during the waiting time would be beneficial to improve the short-term outcomes of LT