Recycling of Water Treatment Plant Waste for Production of Soil-Cement Bricks

AbstractThe water treatment plants generate large amounts of municipal sludge that must be discarded. A crucial issue is to find an ecological destination for its final disposal. This work studies the possibility of incorporating water treatment plant waste into soil-cement bricks for civil construction. A sample of this waste material was analyzed for chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, particle size, plasticity, and organic matter. Mixtures of soil-cement containing up to 5wt.% of waste as a partial substitute of soil were pressed and cured for 28 days. The effects of the incorporation of the water treatment plant waste were determined by evaluating different physical properties such as compressive strength, apparent density, and water absorption. The results indicated that the water treatment plant waste is a plastic material composed mainly of kaolinite particles. The results also showed that the water treatment plant waste could be used for production of soil-cement bricks, helping to reduce the environmental impacts of the water treatment plants

Recycling of Firewood Ash Waste in Ceramic Floor Tiles with Low Water Absorption

This work aims to evaluate the recycling of firewood ash waste as a procedure to provide sustainable raw material for ceramic floor tiles with low water absorption. For this purpose, firewood ash waste coming from a red ceramic company in Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ (Brazil) was selected as an alternative raw material into a ceramic floor tile body, replacing natural quartz material by up to 10 wt.%. Floor tile pieces containing up to 10 wt.% of firewood ash waste were prepared by the dry process, pressed, and fired between 1190 ºC and 1250 ºC using a fast-firing cycle. The floor tile pieces were tested to determine their properties (linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent density, and flexural strength). The results showed that the partial replacement of quartz with firewood ash waste, in the range up to 10 wt.%, allows the production of ceramic floor tiles with low water absorption (WA) (BIa group - WA < 0.5% and BIb group - 0.5 < WA ≤ 3%; ABNT NBR ISO 13006:2020 Standard) in different amounts of firewood ash waste at lower firing temperatures

Caracterização e classificação de resíduo sólido "pó de rocha granítica" gerado na indústria de rochas ornamentais

The ornamental rock industry generates huge amounts of wastes during the process of extraction and sawing of rock blocks. The ornamental rock powder waste is a non-biodegradable material, which represents the increase in environmental problem. The waste was collected from a granitic rock sawing plant located in Santo Antônio de Pádua, Rio de Janeiro. The chemical-environmental characterization and classification of the waste were done according to ABNT standards. The results showed that the granitic rock powder waste should be classified as Class II A - "No Inert", because of its high concentrations of lead, chrome, iron and manganese

La planificación en el proceso de cambio

Publicado como documento INST/S.9/L.1

Reforma administrativa e reforma do Estado

O Brasil já tentou por diversas vezes realizar uma ampla reforma da sua administração pública, quase sempre com limitado sucesso, embora devam ser reconhecidos os avanços alcançados pelo DASP, na década de 40, e o salto qualitativo do Decreto-lei 200 de 1967, além da exitosa experiência do Programa Nacional de Desburocratização. Lamentavelmente, os interregnos democráticos têm sido particularmente estéreis nesse campo, como se evidencia da experiência do período 1945/64 e da recente tentativa de reforma iniciada em julho de 1985 e já quase completamente frustrada. Permanecem as profundas distorções e disfunções que caracterizam a ação do Estado e a administração pública do país. E o problema assumiu tal magnitude que já não se pode cogitar de uma simples “reforma administrativa”, strictu sensu. Antes, torna-se necessário repensar a própria natureza, direção e intensidade da ação do Estado e o seu papel como instrumento ou elemento indutor do processo de modernização e desenvolvimento da sociedade brasileira. Obviamente um tema de tal magnitude e complexidade não poderia ser abordado nos limites do presente “paper”, onde se procura apresentar uma análise sumária dos lineamentos gerais do que poderia ser essa Reforma.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, ano 44, v. 117, n. 2, p. 117-131Número padronizado: v. 44, n. 2 (1989)Administração PúblicaGestão PúblicaModernização. Reforma AdministrativaISSN eletrônico: 2357-8017 ISSN impresso: 0034-924

La experiencia brasileña en planificación

Publicado como documento INST/S.9 Doc.Inf.

Desarrollo y planificación regional en el Brasil

Incluye BibliografíaAnaliza: a) las politicas de desarrollo regional; b) la estrategia de desarrollo de la Amazonia; c) el desarrollo de la region Centro-Oeste; d) el desarrollo de la region del Nordeste; e) la evolucion de la politica economica en relacion con el Nordeste; y f) los desdoblamientos de la etapa moderna de la politica economica nacional (Nordeste). Presenta, ademas, una evaluacion de las politicas de desarrollo regional en el Brasil