Impact ionization coefficients in strained InGaAs/InAlAs multiquantum wells

We have measured electron and hole impact ionization coefficients in biaxially strained InxGa1−xAs/InyAl1−yAs (0.44≤x≤0.62, 0.44≤y≤0.62) multiquantum wells for the first time. It is seen that β/α is enhanced due to strain‐induced changes in band gap, band offsets, and bandstructure for tensile strain in the well and compressive strain in the barrier. The results have been interpreted by considering band‐to‐band impact ionization and band‐edge discontinuity impact ionization processes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70145/2/JAPIAU-73-10-5014-1.pd

GaAs‐based multiple quantum well tunneling injection lasers

We report the modulation characteristics of multiple quantum well tunneling injection lasers designed for 0.98 μm emission wavelength. Electrons are injected into the active region through a single barrier via tunneling. The active region has four quantum wells with different well widths. Improved high frequency performance, compared to similar separate confinement heterostructure lasers, has been demonstrated. The modulation response at 21 GHz is above 0 dB and the extrapolated −3 dB modulation bandwidth is ∼30 GHz under pulsed bias. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70389/2/APPLAB-69-16-2309-1.pd

Impact ionization coefficients in Si1−xGex

We have measured the electron and hole impact ionization coefficients in Si1−xGex alloys. Carrier multiplication measurements were made on relaxed Si1−xGex/Si diodes grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. The hole to electron impact ionization coefficient ratio, β/α, varies from 0.3 to 4 in the composition range of x=0.08–1.0. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69815/2/APPLAB-66-2-204-1.pd

The Dampening Effect of Iceberg Orders on Small Traders' Welfare

Iceberg orders, which allow traders to hide a portion of their order size, have become prevalent in many electronic limit order markets. This paper investigates, via a real options analysis, whether small traders, who have no use for submitting iceberg orders, are better off submitting their orders to fully transparent markets which have low depth, or to more liquid markets which do permit the placement of iceberg orders by large traders. Surprisingly, we find that in the context of our model, small traders are better off submitting to fully transparent markets in spite of them being less liquid

Genetic dissection of fruit quality traits in the octoploid cultivated strawberry highlights the role of homoeo-QTL in their control

Fruit quality traits are major breeding targets in the Rosaceae. Several of the major Rosaceae species are current or ancient polyploids. To dissect the inheritance of fruit quality traits in polyploid fleshy fruit species, we used a cultivated strawberry segregating population comprising a 213 full-sibling F1 progeny from a cross between the variety ‘Capitola’ and the genotype ‘CF1116’. We previously developed the most comprehensive strawberry linkage map, which displays seven homoeology groups (HG), including each four homoeology linkage groups (Genetics 179:2045–2060, 2008). The map was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for 19 fruit traits related to fruit development, texture, colour, anthocyanin, sugar and organic acid contents. Analyses were carried out over two or three successive years on field-grown plants. QTL were detected for all the analysed traits. Because strawberry is an octopolyploid species, QTL controlling a given trait and located at orthologous positions on different homoeologous linkage groups within one HG are considered as homoeo-QTL. We found that, for various traits, about one-fourth of QTL were putative homoeo-QTL and were localised on two linkage groups. Several homoeo-QTL could be detected the same year, suggesting that several copies of the gene underlying the QTL are functional. The detection of some other homoeo-QTL was year-dependent. Therefore, changes in allelic expression could take place in response to environmental changes. We believe that, in strawberry as in other polyploid fruit species, the mechanisms unravelled in the present study may play a crucial role in the variations of fruit quality

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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