Band-diagonal operators on Banach lattices: matrix dynamics and invariant subspaces

We address the existence of non-trivial closed invariant ideals for positive operators defined on Banach lattices whose order is induced by an unconditional basis. In particular, for band-diagonal positive operators such existence is characterized whenever their matrix representations meet a positiveness criteria. For more general classes of positive operators, sufficient conditions are derived proving, particularly, the sharpness of such results from the standpoint of view of the matrix representations. The whole approach is based on studying the behavior of the dynamics of infinite matrices and the localization of the non-zero entries. Finally, we generalize a theorem of Grivaux regarding the existence of non-trivial closed invariant subspaces for positive tridiagonal operators to a more general class of band-diagonal operators showing, in particular, that a large subclass of them have non-trivial closed invariant subspaces but lack non-trivial closed invariant ideals.Depto. de Análisis Matemático y Matemática AplicadaFac. de Ciencias MatemáticasTRUEMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovacióninpres

Finite rank perturbations of normal operators: hyperinvariant subspaces and a problem of Pearcy

Finite rank perturbations of diagonalizable normal operators acting boundedly on infinite dimensional, separable, complex Hilbert spaces are considered from the standpoint of view of the existence of invariant subspaces. In particular, if $T=D_\Lambda+u\otimes v$ is a rank-one perturbation of a diagonalizable normal operator $D_\Lambda$ with respect to a basis $\mathcal{E}=\{e_n\}_{n\geq 1}$ and the vectors $u$ and $v$ have Fourier coefficients $\{\alpha_n\}_{n\geq 1}$ and $\{\beta_n\}_{n\geq 1}$ with respect to $\mathcal{E}$ respectively, it is shown that $T$ has non trivial closed invariant subspaces provided that either $u$ or $v$ have a Fourier coefficient which is zero or $u$ and $v$ have non zero Fourier coefficients and $$\sum_{n\geq 1} |\alpha_n|^2 \log \frac{1}{|\alpha_n|} + |\beta_n|^2 \log \frac{1}{|\beta_n|} < \infty.$$ As a consequence, if $(p,q)\in (0,2]\times (0,2]$ are such $\sum_{n\geq 1} (|\alpha_n|^p + |\beta_n|^q )< \infty,$ it is shown the existence of non trivial closed invariant subspaces of $T$ whenever $$(p,q)\in (0,2]\times (0,2]\setminus \{(2, r), (r, 2):\; r\in(1,2]\}.$$ Moreover, such operators $T$ have non trivial closed hyperinvariant subspaces whenever they are not a scalar multiple of the identity. Likewise, analogous results hold for finite rank perturbations of $D_\Lambda$. This improves considerably previous theorems of Foia\c{s}, Jung, Ko and Pearcy, Fang and Xia and the authors on an open question explicitly posed by Pearcy in the seventies.Comment: Accepted version IUMJ (March 2023

Dunford property for composition operators on HpH^p-spaces

The Dunford property $(C)$ for composition operators on $H^p$-spaces ($1<p<\infty$), as well as for their adjoints, is completely characterized within the class of those induced by linear fractional transformations of the unit disc. As a consequence, it is shown that the Dunford property is stable in such a class addressing a particular instance of a question posed by Laursen and Neumann.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa Cl. Sc

Persistence of single species of symbionts across multiple closelyrelated host species

Some symbiont species are highly host-specific, inhabiting only one or a very few host species, and typically have limited dispersal abilities. When they do occur on multiple host species, populations of such symbionts are expected to become genetically structured across these different host species, and this may eventually lead to new symbiont species over evolutionary timescales. However, a low number of dispersal events of symbionts between host species across time might be enough to prevent population structure and species divergence. Overall, processes of evolutionary divergence and the species status of most putative multi-host symbiont systems are yet to be investigated. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding data of 6,023 feather mites (a total of 2,225 OTU representative sequences) from 147 infracommunities (i.e., the assemblage consisting of all mites of different species collected from the same bird host individual) to investigate patterns of population genetic structure and species status of three different putative multi-host feather mite species Proctophyllodes macedo Vitzthum, 1922, Proctophyllodes motacillae Gaud, 1953, and Trouessartia jedliczkai (Zimmerman, 1894), each of which inhabits a variable number of different closely related wagtail host species (genus Motacilla). We show that mite populations from different host species represent a single species. This pattern was found in all the mite species, suggesting that each of these species is a multi-host species in which dispersal of mites among host species prevents species divergence. Also, we found evidence of limited evolutionary divergence manifested by a low but significant level of population genetic structure among symbiont populations inhabiting different host species. Our study agrees with previous studies showing a higher than expected colonization opportunities in host-specific symbionts. Indeed, our results support that these dispersal events would allow the persistence of multi-host species even in symbionts with limited dispersal capabilities, though additional factors such as the geographical structure of some bird populations may also play a role.This work was supported by the MINECO CGL2011-24466 to RJ and CGL2015-69650-P to RJ and DS

PRIMER DIAGNÓSTICO DE RESISTENCIA A LEVAMISOL Y LACTONAS MACROCÍCLICAS EN NEMÁTODOS GASTROINTESTINALES PARÁSITOS DE OVINOS EN NICARAGUA

En Diciembre del 2004, fue reportada una parasitosis persistente enbr /ovinos de la región de trópico seco del pacífico (Ciudad de Granada,br /Nicaragua) a tratamientos implementados con levamisol e ivermectina. Se realizó una prueba de reducción del contaje de huevos por gramo (hpg.) en el hato ovino. Para ello, se utilizaron 40 borregos de 5 abr /8 meses de edad seleccionados en la base que tenían un promedio de h.p.g. superior a 500. Los borregos fueron divididos en cuatro grupos (1-4). Los borregos de los grupos 1 a 3 fueron tratados respectivamente con inyección subcutánea de ivermectina (200 mcg/br /kg-1), levamisol (7.5 mg/kg-1) y al tercer grupo dosificación oralbr /de albendazole al 10 %, mientras que el grupo 4 permaneció como control sin tratamiento. El contaje de reducción de huevos por gramo llevado a cabo diez días mas tarde mostró una reducción del 31.25 % en los corderos tratados con ivermectina y un 87.5 % en los tratados con levamisol. En los tratados con albendazole la reducción fue del 100%. El cultivo de larvas realizado posteriormente mostró crecimiento de Haemonchus sp,. en las heces de los corderos tratados con ivermectina y levamisol. Este es el primer reporte de un caso de Haemonchus sp. parasitando ovinos resistente a ivermectina y levamisol

Predicting the consumption of foods low in saturated fats among people diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: the role of planning in the theory of planned behaviour

The present study tested the utility of an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour that included a measure of planning, in the prediction of eating foods low in saturated fats among adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease Participants (N = 184) completed questionnaires assessing standard theory of planned behaviour measures (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) and the additional volitional variable of planning in relation to eating foods low in saturated fats Self-report consumption of foods low insaturated fats was assessed 1 month later In partial support of the theory of planned behaviour, results indicated that attitude and subjective norm predicted intentions to eat foods low in saturated fats and intentions and perceived behavioural control predicted the consumption of foods low in saturated fats As an additional variable, planning predicted the consumption of foods low in saturated fats directly and also mediated the intention-behaviour and perceived behavioural control-behaviour relationships, suggesting an important role for planning as a post-intentional construct determining healthy eating choices. Suggestions are offered for interventions designed to improve adherence to healthy eating recommendations for people diagnosed with these chronic conditions with a specific emphasis on the steps and activities that are required to promote a healthier lifestyle. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserve

Underlying mechanism of the comorbid presence of buying disorder with gambling disorder : A pathways analysis

Altres ajuts: This manuscript and research was co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe. CIBERobn and CIBERsam are both initiatives of ISCIII. GMB is supported by a predoctoral Grant of AGAUR co-financed by the European Social Fund, with the support of the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya.Buying disorder (BD) and gambling disorder (GD) are behavioral addictions that are increasingly being researched and treated by mental health professionals. This study analyzes the underlying mechanisms of the comorbidity between both conditions in a sample of treatment-seeking patients. The sample included n = 127 patients recruited from a specialized unit in addictive behaviors at a public university hospital who presented BD symptoms with and without GD. Structural equation models analyzed the mediational mechanisms that explained the presence of the comorbid condition BD + GD. Personality variables indirectly influence the concurrence of GD and BD, and the relationship patterns were modulated by the age of onset of these two conditions. A direct relationship between being male and an increase in the risk of GD + BD comorbidity was also found. Sex and the amount of disorder-related debts also were directly associated with psychopathology. These results provide evidence on the pathways of concurrent BD + GD, which could contribute to the development of evidence-based preventive and therapeutic interventions

Developing community-based preventive interventions in Hong Kong: a description of the first phase of the family project

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This paper describes the development of culturally-appropriate family-based interventions and their relevant measures, to promote family health, happiness and harmony in Hong Kong. Programs were developed in the community, using a collaborative approach with community partners. The development process, challenges, and the lessons learned are described. This experience may be of interest to the scientific community as there is little information currently available about community-based development of brief interventions with local validity in cultures outside the West.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The academic-community collaborative team each brought strengths to the development process and determined the targets for intervention (parent-child relationships). Information from expert advisors and stakeholder discussion groups was collected and utilized to define the sources of stress in parent-child relationships.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Themes emerged from the literature and discussion groups that guided the content of the intervention. Projects emphasized features that were appropriate for this cultural group and promoted potential for sustainability, so that the programs might eventually be implemented at a population-wide level. Challenges included ensuring local direction, relevance and acceptability for the intervention content, engaging participants and enhancing motivation to make behavior changes after a brief program, measurement of behavior changes, and developing an equal partner relationship between academic and community staff.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This work has public health significance because of the global importance of parent-child relationships as a risk-factor for many outcomes in adulthood, the need to develop interventions with strong evidence of effectiveness to populations outside the West, the potential application of our interventions to universal populations, and characteristics of the interventions that promote dissemination, including minimal additional costs for delivery by community agencies, and high acceptability to participants.</p

The Role of Teachers' Expectations in the Association between Children's SES and Performance in Kindergarten: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

This study examines the role of teachers' expectations in the association between children's socio-economic background and achievement outcomes. Furthermore, the role of children's ethnicity in moderating this mediated relation is investigated. In the present study, 3,948 children from kindergarten are examined. Data are analysed by means of structural equation modeling. First, results show that teachers' expectations mediate the relation between children's SES and their later language and math achievement, after controlling for children's ethnicity, prior achievement and gender. This result indicates that teachers may exacerbate individual differences between children. Second, children's ethnicity moderates the mediation effect of teachers' expectations with respect to math outcomes. The role of teachers' expectations in mediating the relation between SES and math outcomes is stronger for majority children than for minority children