A Numerical Study on Modeling Ship Maneuvering Performance Using Twin Azimuth Thrusters

A methodology of mathematical testing is proposed for a ship with twin azimuth thrusters based on numerical calculations. An unmanned surface vessel (USV) powered by two azimuth thrusters is considered, which is a model-scale configuration. The Ship Maneuvering Mathematical Model Group (MMG) model is introduced to describe forces on the hull and propellers. A set of captive tests (planar motion mechanism (PMM) and open-water tests) were simulated using STAR-CCM+ (16.06.008-R8) software to obtain hull hydrodynamic derivatives and azimuth thruster hydrodynamic coefficients. A maneuvering test of the model-scale ship with two azimuth thrusters is built based on numerical results, and numerical results are compared with the model-scale experimental data to validate the feasibility of numerical methods. The findings show that the usability of the developed mathematical test in predicting the maneuvering ability of ships with two azimuth thrusters is confirmed through numerical calculations

Association between dietary vitamin A intake and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity

Abstract The association between vitamin A and single cardiometabolic diseases has been extensively studied, but the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake and the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) has not been studied. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the association with CMM risk by analyzing different sources of vitamin A. This study utilized 13,603 subjects aged ≥ 18 years from 1997 to 2015 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary intake was calculated from 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a house hold food inventory. CMM is defined as the development of at least two cardiometabolic diseases. After a median follow-up of 9.0 years, there were 1050 new cases of CMM. The risk of CMM was significantly lower in those with higher vitamin A intake (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54–0.81). β-carotene (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66–1.02) and retinol (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48–0.73) intake had a similarly negative correlation. Using restricted cubic spline found an L-shaped relationship between retinol intake and CMM (p non-linear < 0.001). Negative associations were also found in specific CMD groups (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke and diabetes). Dietary intake of vitamin A was negatively associated with CMM risk, and this protective effect was more pronounced in patients with cardiovascular disease. There was an L-shaped association between retinol intake and CMM risk

Association between indoor air pollution and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Objectives Incomplete combustion of solid fuel and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) are the primary causes of indoor air pollution (IAP), potentially leading to detrimental effects on individual mental health. However, current evidence regarding the association between IAP and depression remains inconclusive. This study aims to systematically investigate the evidence regarding the association between IAP and the risk of depression.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Data sources Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and EMBASE for available studies published up to 13 January 2024.Eligibility criteria We included all cohort studies published in English that aimed to explore the relationship between IAP from solid fuel use and SHS exposure and the risk of depression.Data extraction and synthesis Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The association between IAP and depression was calculated using pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% CIs. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 value, and the effect estimates were pooled using fixed-effects or random-effects models depending on the results of homogeneity analysis.Results We included 12 articles with data from 61 217 participants. The overall findings demonstrated a significant association between IAP exposure and depression (RR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.31), although with substantial heterogeneity (I2=75%). Subgroup analyses based on pollutant type revealed that IAP from solid fuel use was associated with a higher risk of depression (RR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.26; I2=62%; 5 studies, 36 768 participants) than that from SHS exposure (RR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.41; I2=80%; 7 studies, 24 449 participants). In terms of fuel use, the use of solid fuel for cooking (RR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.31; I2=58%; 4 studies, 34 044 participants) and heating (RR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.27; I2=65%; 3 studies, 24 874 participants) was associated with increased depression risk.Conclusions The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies indicated an association between exposure to IAP and depression.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022383285

Social media usage of chinese nursing students: Attitudes, motivations, mental health problems, and self-disclosure.

BackgroundExcessive self-disclosure online may risk the reputations, mental health problems, and professional lives of nursing students. This study investigated nursing students' usage of social media, their attitudes towards social media, mental health problems and self-disclosures, and the relationships of these variables.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted online (n = 1054) with questionnaires of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), Social Media Fatigue (SMF), Students' Uses and Views of Social Media (SUVSM) and self-disclosure in social media which included self-information shown on social media and information viewed by others.ResultsAlthough most of them held positive attitudes towards social media, 17.4% of the participants acknowledged that they had posted inappropriate contents online and 37.6% witnessed improper posts from schoolmates or teachers online. SMF was affected by familiar with relevant regulations on the social media usage (β = -.10, p ConclusionInappropriate contents are posted and witnessed by appreciable proportions of nursing students. Positive attitude towards social media may strengthen FoMO and SMF, which may increase self-disclosure in social media in turn

Association between pro-inflammatory diet and liver cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential and liver cancer to provide evidence regarding scientific dietary health education. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify case–control or cohort studies that involved dietary inflammation index (DII)/empirical dietary inflammation pattern (EDIP) and liver cancer in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. Using a combination of DII/EDIP and liver cancer as the search terms, the associations between DII/EDIP and liver cancer were then assessed. Participants: Three case–control studies and two cohort studies were brought into the meta-analysis, with 225 713 enrolled participants. Results: Meta-analysis of categorical variables showed that DII/EDIP in the highest category increased the risk of liver cancer compared to DII/EDIP in the lowest category (relative risk (RR) = 2·35; 95 % CI 1·77, 3·13; P = 0·000) and with low heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 40·8 %, P = 0·119). Meta-analysis of continuous variables showed that significant positive association between liver cancer and DII/EDIP scores (RR = 1·24; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·40; P = 0·001), and no heterogeneity (I² = 0·0 %, P = 0·471). Stratified according to the study design, there was a significant positive association between liver cancer and DII/EDIP scores in both cohort studies (RR = 2·16; 95 % CI 1·51, 3·07; P = 0·000) and case–control studies (RR = 2·75; 95 % CI 1·71, 4·41; P = 0·000). Conclusion: The higher the DII/EDIP score, the higher the risk of liver cancer. This finding may have prominent implications for the general population

Effectiveness of Telecare Interventions on Depression Symptoms Among Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BackgroundDepression is the most common psychiatric disorder among older adults. Despite the effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological therapies, many patients with late-life depression (LLD) are unable to access timely treatment. Telecare has been shown to be effective in addressing patients' psychosocial issues, while its effectiveness in serving patients with LLD remains unclear. ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of telecare in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms and improving quality of life (QoL) in patients with LLD. MethodsDatabases including the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and EBSCO were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of telecare for LLD from database establishment to December 28, 2022. ResultsA total of 12 RCTs involving 1663 participants were identified in this study. The meta-analysis showed that (1) telecare significantly reduced depressive symptoms in patients with LLD compared to those in usual care (UC; standardized mean difference [SMD]=–0.46, 95% CI –0.53 to –0.38; P<.001), with the best improvement observed within 3 months of intervention (SMD=–0.72, 95% CI –1.16 to –0.28; P<.001); (2) other scales appeared more effective than the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for LLD in telecare interventions (SMD=–0.65, 95% CI –0.96 to –0.35; P<.001); (3) telecare was more effective than telephone-based interventions for remote monitoring of LLD (SMD=–1.13, 95% CI –1.51 to –0.76; P<.001); (4) the reduction of depressive symptoms was more pronounced in patients with LLD with chronic conditions (SMD=–0.67, 95% CI –0.89 to –0.44; P<.001); (5) telecare was more effective for LLD in Europe and the Americas than in other regions (SMD=–0.73, 95% CI –0.99 to –0.47; P<.001); (6) telecare significantly reduced anxiety symptoms in patients with LLD (SMD=–0.53, 95% CI –0.73 to –0.33; P=.02); and (7) there was no significant improvement in the psychological components of QoL in patients with LLD compared to those receiving UC (SMD=0.30, 95% CI 0.18-0.43; P=.80). ConclusionsTelecare is a promising modality of care for treatment, which can alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with LLD. Continued in-depth research into the effectiveness of telecare in treating depression could better identify where older patients would benefit from this intervention

Determinants of SMF among nursing students (n = 1054).

Determinants of SMF among nursing students (n = 1054).</p

Relationships of attitudes towards social media, FoMO, SMF and self-disclosure.

Relationships of attitudes towards social media, FoMO, SMF and self-disclosure.</p

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Indirect effects of SUVSW predicting self-disclosure via FoMO and SMF.

Indirect effects of SUVSW predicting self-disclosure via FoMO and SMF.</p