Enzyme-Powered Porous Micromotors Built from a Hierarchical Micro- and Mesoporous UiO-Type Metal–Organic Framework

Here, we report the design, synthesis, and functional testing of enzyme-powered porous micromotors built from a metal–organic framework (MOF). We began by subjecting a presynthesized microporous UiO-type MOF to ozonolysis, to confer it with mesopores sufficiently large to adsorb and host the enzyme catalase (size: 6–10 nm). We then encapsulated catalase inside the mesopores, observing that they are hosted in those mesopores located at the subsurface of the MOF crystals. In the presence of H2O2 fuel, MOF motors (or MOFtors) exhibit jet-like propulsion enabled by enzymatic generation of oxygen bubbles. Moreover, thanks to their hierarchical pore system, the MOFtors retain sufficient free space for adsorption of additional targeted species, which we validated by testing a MOFtor for removal of rhodamine B during self-propulsion.This work was supported by BIST-IGNITE (MOFtors), the Spanish MINECO (project RTI2018-095622-B-I00), the Catalan AGAUR (project 2017 SGR 238), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 866348: iNanoSwarms). It was also funded by the CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from the Spanish MINECO (Grant No. SEV-2017-0706). Y.Y. acknowledges the China Scholarship Council for scholarship support. X.A. thanks the Spanish MINECO for the Severo Ochoa program (SEV-2014-0425) for the PhD fellowship (PRE2018-083712)

NUMERICAL PREDICTIONS OF FLOW FIELD IN CLOSED AND OPENED TAYLOR-COUETTE CAVITIES

The accurate prediction of fluid flow within rotating systems has a primary role for the reliability and performance of gas turbine engine. The selection of a suitable model to account for the effects of turbulence on such complex flows remains an open issue in the literature. This paper reports a numerical benchmark of RANS, DES and LES approaches available within the commercial CFD solvers Star CCM+ and CFX together with results obtained by means of in-house developed or opensource available research codes exploiting an innovative Reynolds Stress Model closure, a direct numerical simulation and additional RANS and LES models. The predictions are compared to experimental data available in the literature for two test cases. Test case 1 corresponds to a closed Taylor-Couette cavity with endcap rings, considered experimentally by Burin et al. Test case 2 corresponds to a Taylor-Couette system with an axial Poiseuille flow studied experimentally by Escudier and Gouldson. The results are compared and discussed in details for both the mean and turbulent fields. Most of the approaches predict quite well the trends apart from the SST models, which provide relatively poor agreement with the experiments. Even though no approach appears to be fully satisfactory, the innovative RSM closure offers the best overall agreement in both closed and opened Taylor-Couette cavities

Disease status and stem cell source impact on the results of reduced intensity conditioning transplant for Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective study from the French Society of Bone Marrow Graft Transplantation and Cellular Therapy.

International audienceThe role of reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma remains controversial. We retrospectively analyzed 191 patients who underwent reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation between 1998 and 2008 for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and whose data were reported to the French registry. Median follow-up was 36 months. Estimated 3 years overall survival, progression free survival, cumulative incidence of relapse and cumulative incidence of non relapse mortality were 63%, 39%, 46%, and 16% respectively. There was no difference in outcome between patients in complete response and in partial response at time of transplantation for overall survival (70% versus 74%, no significant difference) and progression free survival (51% versus 42%, no significant difference). Patients with chemoresistant disease had a shorter overall survival (39% at 3 years p=0.0003) and progression free survival (18% at 3 years p=0.001) than patients in complete remission. The use of umbilical cord blood as stem cell source was associated with a poor outcome with an increased risk of death with a hazard ratio of 3.49 (95% confidence interval 1.26 to 9.63, p=0.016). The use of peripheral blood was associated with a better outcome for patients who where alive after 1 year post transplantation with a hazard ration of 0.38 (95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.83, p=0.016). Disease status at transplantation remains the most important risk factor for outcome. Our data suggest that the use of peripheral blood should be preferred whereas umbilical cord blood should be used with caution

A 1-Year Prospective French Nationwide Study of Emergency Hospital Admissions in Children and Adults with Primary Immunodeficiency

International audiencePURPOSE: Patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) are at risk of serious complications. However, data on the incidence and causes of emergency hospital admissions are scarce. The primary objective of the present study was to describe emergency hospital admissions among patients with PID, with a view to identifying "at-risk" patient profiles.METHODS: We performed a prospective observational 12-month multicenter study in France via the CEREDIH network of regional PID reference centers from November 2010 to October 2011. All patients with PIDs requiring emergency hospital admission were included.RESULTS: A total of 200 admissions concerned 137 patients (73 adults and 64 children, 53% of whom had antibody deficiencies). Thirty admissions were reported for 16 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. When considering the 170 admissions of non-transplant patients, 149 (85%) were related to acute infections (respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal tract infections in 72 (36%) and 34 (17%) of cases, respectively). Seventy-seven percent of the admissions occurred during winter or spring (December to May). The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.8% (12 patients); death was related to a severe infection in 11 cases (8%) and Epstein-Barr virus-induced lymphoma in 1 case. Patients with a central venous catheter (n = 19, 13.9%) were significantly more hospitalized for an infection (94.7%) than for a non-infectious reason (5.3%) (p = 0.04).CONCLUSION: Our data showed that the annual incidence of emergency hospital admission among patients with PID is 3.4%. The leading cause of emergency hospital admission was an acute infection, and having a central venous catheter was associated with a significantly greater risk of admission for an infectious episode

Genetic diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies: A survey of the French national registry

International audienceTo the Editor:Since the mid-1980s, continuous progress in genetics and genomics has accelerated the rapid identification of causative genetic variants leading to primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs; >300 genes),1 with the noticeable exception of B-cell disorders, such as common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The identification of these mutations not only validates a clinical diagnosis but also is useful in several other respects (more accurate prognosis on phenotype/genotype correlation, targeted therapy, and genetic counseling). [...

Outcome after failure of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute leukemia: a study by the société Francophone de greffe de moelle et de thérapie cellulaire (SFGM-TC)

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