Limites objetivos da coisa julgada : segurança jurídica pela decisão de questões prejudiciais

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sérgio Cruz ArenhartDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/03/2022Inclui referênciasResumo: O presente trabalho visa estudar os limites objetivos da coisa julgada à luz da redação do art. 503, §§ 1º e 2º do Código de Processo Civil. Busca-se delinear os contornos da decisão sobre questões prejudiciais e, ao mesmo tempo, tem-se uma preocupação com a densificação de seus pressupostos. Nessa trajetória, a coisa julgada é analisada enquanto instituto que se conecta com a segurança jurídica e com a própria construção de uma sociedade democrática. Seus propósitos estão relacionados com a edificação de um arquétipo estabilizador seguro, objetivo, voltado para impedir a rediscussão de matérias já decididas e, com isso, conferir previsibilidade à sociedade. Não só isso: a coerência do Direito, a harmonia entre as decisões judiciais e a redução da litigiosidade são, também, vetores que orientam / justificam a coisa julgada sobre a decisão de questões prejudiciais. Mesmo que o evolver social e a evolução do próprio Direito tenham feito emergir novos modelos estabilizadores, a coisa julgada ainda mantém sua relevância. Tanto é assim que o próprio Legislador, ao invés de restringir sua incidência, ampliou sua ocorrência para a decisão de questões prejudiciais. A prejudicialidade, pois, conjugada com o contraditório, a competência, a cognição e a atividade probatória, ocupam papel central nessa conjuntura e impõem um olhar meticuloso. Ao fim desse estudo, o que se observa é que a coisa julgada sobre questões prejudiciais, quando presentes os seus pressupostos, mostra-se uma ferramenta importante para a consolidação de uma sociedade mais segura e com decisões mais previsíveis.Abstract: The present study aims to study the objective limits of res judicata in the light of the wording of art. 503, §§ 1 and 2 of the Civil Procedure Code. It seeks to outline the contours of the decision on issues preclusion and, at the same time, there is a concern with the densification of its standards. In this trajectory, res judicata is analized as an institute that connects with judicial security and with the very construction of a democratic society. Its purposes are related with the construction of a safe and objective stabilizer archetype, meant to prevent a re-discussion of already decided matters and, with that, give previsibility to society. Not only that: the coherence of Law, the harmony between judicial rulings and the reduction of litigation are, also, vectors that orient/justify res judicata about rulings of prejudicial questions. Even if the social evolve and the evolution of Law itself gave cause to new stabilizer models, res judicata still maintains its relevance. So much so that the Lawmaker himself, instead of restricting its incidence, has widened its ocurrence to rulings of issue preclusion. Prejudiciality, combined with contradictory, competence, cognition and evidentiary activity, occupy a central role in this conjuncture and exercise a meticulous look. At the end of this study, what is observed is that res judicata over issue preclusion, when present its requisites, proves to be an important tool for the realization of a safer society and more predictable rulings

ENTREPRENEURIAL AND COORDINATION CAPACITIES OF INCUBATED COMPANIES: A STUDY AT A TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISE CENTER

ABSTRACTThis article aims to identify the entrepreneurial and coordinative capacities, the innovative potentialities of technology bases companies incubated at a Technology Enterprise Center from a Brazilian public University. We’ve interviewed the incubator’s manager as well as the managers of the companies in search of evidence that demonstrated the processes of internalization and externalization of its capacities. The results show that most companies internalize the coordinative aspects through the hiring of managers leaving to the incubator the essential part of allowing the proximity to research centers and the link with the university, to which we refer to as the University factor.Keywords: Incubators. Incubated Companies. Entrepreneurial Characteristics. Coordinative Characteristics. RESUMOEste artigo visa identificar as características coordenadoras, empreendedoras e as potencialidades inovadoras das empresas incubadas de base tecnológica na incubadora do Centro de Empreendimentos de Informática da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram entrevistados a gestora da incubadora bem como os gestores das empresas incubadas à procura de evidências que demonstrem processos de internalização e externalização de suas capacidades. O resultado mostrou que a maioria das empresas internaliza os aspectos de coordenação através da contratação de gestores sendo a incubadora essencial por possibilitar a proximidade com os centros de pesquisas e o vínculo com a universidade, o que se denominou de fator Universidade.Palavras-chave: Incubadora. Empresas Incubadas. Características Empreendedoras. Características Coordenadoras

Lamivudine and zidovudine-loaded nanostructures : green chemistry preparation for pediatric oral administration

Here, we report on the development of lipid-based nanostructures containing zidovudine (1 mg/mL) and lamivudine (0.5 mg/mL) for oral administration in the pediatric population, eliminating the use of organic solvents, which is in accordance with green chemistry principles. The formulations were obtained by ultrasonication using monoolein (MN) or phytantriol (PN), which presented narrow size distributions with similar mean particle sizes (~150 nm) determined by laser diffraction. The zeta potential and the pH values of the formulations were around 4.0 mV and 6.0, respectively. MN presented a slightly higher incorporation rate compared to PN. Nanoemulsions were obtained when using monoolein, while cubosomes were obtained when using phytantriol, as confirmed by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. The formulations enabled drug release control and protection against acid degradation. The drug incorporation was effective and the analyses using an electronic tongue indicated a difference in palatability between the nanotechnological samples in comparison with the drug solutions. In conclusion, PN was considered to have the strongest potential as a novel oral formulation for pediatric HIV treatment

The COVID-19 Pandemic Identifies Significant Global Inequities in Hemodialysis Care in Low and Lower-Middle Income Countries-An ISN/DOPPS Survey

INTRODUCTION It is unknown how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the care of vulnerable chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients across regions, particularly in low and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs). We aimed to identify global inequities in HD care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The ISN and the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) conducted a global online survey of HD units between March and November, 2020, to ascertain practice patterns and access to resources relevant to HD care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Responses were categorized according to World Bank income classification for comparisons. RESULTS Surveys were returned from 412 facilities in 78 countries: 15 (4%) in low-income countries (LICs), 111 (27%) in lower-middle income countries (LMICs), 145 (35%) in upper-middle income countries (UMICs), and 141 (34%) in high-income countries (HICs). Respondents reported that diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 were unavailable or of limited availability in LICs (72%) and LMICs (68%) as compared with UMICs (33%) and HICs (20%). The number of patients who missed HD treatments was reported to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in LICs (64%) and LMICs (67%) as compared with UMICs (31%) and HICs (6%). Limited access to HD, intensive care unit (ICU) care, and mechanical ventilation among hospitalized patients on chronic dialysis with COVID-19 were also reportedly higher in LICs and LMICs as compared with UMICs and HICs. Staff in LLMICs reported less routine testing for SARS-CoV-2 when asymptomatic as compared with UMICs and HICs-14% in LICs and 11% in LMICs, compared with 26% and 28% in UMICs and HICs, respectively. Severe shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) were reported by the respondents from LICs and LMICs compared with UMICs and HICs, especially with respect to the use of the N95 particulate-air respirator masks. CONCLUSION Striking global inequities were identified in the care of chronic HD patients during the pandemic. Urgent action is required to address these inequities which disproportionately affect LLMIC settings thereby exacerbating pre-existing vulnerabilities that may contribute to poorer outcomes

Desempenho da cultivar de feijão-caupi BRS Novaera sob níveis de irrigação e adubação em ambiente protegido

A deficiência hídrica e a falta de adubação são fatores limitantes na produção de feijão-caupi, especialmente no Nordeste Brasileiro, onde a maioria dos cultivos são de subsistência realizados pela agricultura familiar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho da cultivar de feijão-caupi ‘BRS Novaera’ cultivada em vasos submetida a diferentes níveis de irrigação e adubação em ambiente protegido. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, com três repetições no esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com quatro níveis de irrigação (40%, 60%, 80% e 100% de irrigação para capacidade de vaso) e dois níveis de adubação (com e sem uso de adubos a base de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K)). Nas condições estudadas, observou-se que a maior produtividade de grãos foi obtida com 72% de irrigação para capacidade de vaso e que a adubação NPK resultou em incremento no número de vagens por planta de 105,5% e produtividade de grãos de 135,7%