The mid-infrared instrument for the James Webb space telescope, II: design and build

Instrumentatio

Novel Loci for Adiponectin Levels and Their Influence on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Traits : A Multi-Ethnic Meta-Analysis of 45,891 Individuals

J. Kaprio, S. Ripatti ja M.-L. Lokki työryhmien jäseniä.Peer reviewe

Health and well-being at older ages: the interlinkage with family life histories, gender and national contexts: final report prepared in the context of the MAGGIE (Major Ageing and Gender Issues in Europe) research project

Some previous studies that did examine the late-life health and well-being implications of family-related developments are limited in terms of their scope.First, detailed examination of possible gender differences is still often neglected or, especially in research on childlessness or late parenthood, the focus is only on the implications for women. Second, most studies have been conducted in single-country contexts, making it impossible to generalize the findings to the European population. Third, those few studies using cross-national data have prominently paid attention to variation between countries, neglecting diversity within the countries. Fourth, the role of obligations and responsibility is often neglected in family support studies. The activities of Workpackage 3 (Family relations and social integration) and part of the work undertaken within Workpackage 2 (Health conditions) of the MAGGIE research project aimed to fill part of these empirical gaps.This report presents a summary of the main findings. In chapter 2 we first consider gender differences in the family life histories and circumstances of older men and women and examine how these relate to mortality, mental health and quality of life.In chapter 3 we examine whether different types of intergenerational exchange, encapsulated in late-life family typologies, are prevalent in different European countries. In chapter 4 we consider whether different late-life family types have implications for the physical and mental health of older people and their loneliness feelings. In chapter 5 we examine the conditions under which filial norms motivate upward intergenerational family support. In chapter 6, attention is paid to the limitations of our findings and to challenges for future research.

GlobalSoilMap for Soil Organic Carbon Mapping and as a Basis for Global Modeling

The demand for information on functional soil properties is high and has increased over time. This is especially true for soil organic carbon (SOC) in the framework of food security and climate change. The<em> GlobalSoilMap</em> consortium was established in response to such a soaring demand for up-to-date and relevant soil information. The majority of the data needed to produce <em>GlobalSoilMap</em> soil property maps will, at least for the first generation, come mainly from archived soil legacy data, which could include polygon soil maps and point pedon data, and from available co-variates such as climatic data, remote sensing information, geological data, and other forms of environmental information.<br/>Several countries have already released products according to the <em>GlobalSoilMap</em> specifications and the project is rejuvenating soil survey and mapping in many parts of the world. Functional soil property maps have been produced using digital soil mapping techniques and existing legacy information and made available to the user community for application. In addition, uncertainty has been provided as a 90% prediction interval based on estimated upper and lower class limits. We believe that <em>GlobalSoilMap</em> constitutes the best available framework and methodology to address global issues about SOC mapping. Main scientific challenges include time related and uncertainties issues