297 research outputs found
The influence of chylomicron remnants on endothelial cell function in the isolated perfused rat aorta.
Effects of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants on endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aorta.
Chylomicron remnants potentiate phenylephrine-induced contractions of rat aorta by an endothelium-dependent mechanism.
Conformational Change of Mitochondrial Complex I Increases ROS Sensitivity During Ischemia
Aims: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cardiomyocyte death. The generation of excessive quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resultant damage to mitochondrial enzymes is considered an important mechanism underlying reperfusion injury. Mitochondrial complex I can exist in two interconvertible states: active (A) and deactive or dormant (D). We have studied the active/deactive (A/D) equilibrium in several tissues under ischemic conditions in vivo and investigated the sensitivity of both forms of the heart enzyme to ROS. Results: We found that in the heart, t(½) of complex I deactivation during ischemia was 10 min, and that reperfusion resulted in the return of A/D equilibrium to its initial level. The rate of superoxide generation by complex I was higher in ischemic samples where content of the D-form was higher. Only the D-form was susceptible to inhibition by H(2)O(2) or superoxide, whereas turnover-dependent activation of the enzyme resulted in formation of the A-form, which was much less sensitive to ROS. The mitochondrial-encoded subunit ND3, most likely responsible for the sensitivity of the D-form to ROS, was identified by redox difference gel electrophoresis. Innovation: A combined in vivo and biochemical approach suggests that sensitivity of the mitochondrial system to ROS during myocardial I/R can be significantly affected by the conformational state of complex I, which may therefore represent a new therapeutic target in this setting. Conclusion: The presented data suggest that transition of complex I into the D-form in the absence of oxygen may represent a key event in promoting cardiac injury during I/R. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 1459–1468
American cultural regions mapped through the lexical analysis of social media
Cultural areas represent a useful concept that cross-fertilizes diverse
fields in social sciences. Knowledge of how humans organize and relate their
ideas and behavior within a society helps to understand their actions and
attitudes towards different issues. However, the selection of common traits
that shape a cultural area is somewhat arbitrary. What is needed is a method
that can leverage the massive amounts of data coming online, especially through
social media, to identify cultural regions without ad-hoc assumptions, biases
or prejudices. This work takes a crucial step in this direction by introducing
a method to infer cultural regions based on the automatic analysis of large
datasets from microblogging posts. The approach presented here is based on the
principle that cultural affiliation can be inferred from the topics that people
discuss among themselves. Specifically, regional variations in written
discourse are measured in American social media. From the frequency
distributions of content words in geotagged Tweets, the regional hotspots of
words' usage are found, and from there, principal components of regional
variation are derived. Through a hierarchical clustering of the data in this
lower-dimensional space, this method yields clear cultural areas and the topics
of discussion that define them. It uncovers a manifest North-South separation,
which is primarily influenced by the African American culture, and further
contiguous (East-West) and non-contiguous divisions that provide a
comprehensive picture of today's cultural areas in the US.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures; contains Supplementary Informatio
Effects of building orientation on the residential property
Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-75).published_or_final_versio
Impact of the first wave of COVID-19 on outcomes following emergency admissions for common acute surgical conditions:analysis of a national database in England
Clarity of Microstamped Identifiers as a Function of Primer Hardness and Type of Firearm Action
The transfer of microstamped identifiers to the primers of fired cartridges was examined using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The identifiers were placed on the firing pins of three different 9mm handguns, namely, a Sig Sauer, a Taurus, and a Hi-Point. Ten different brands of ammunition were fired from each handgun, 100 rounds being fired using each brand for a total of 1000 rounds fired per handgun. The quality of the markings was evaluated using a simple observation rubric. These results were compared to Vickers hardness values obtained from the ammunition primers and are discussed in light of the types of actions of firearms used
Home blood pressure monitors owned by participants in a large decentralised clinical trial in hypertension:the Treatment In Morning versus Evening (TIME) study
Various home blood pressure monitors (HBPMs) are available to the public for purchase but only some are validated against standardised protocols. This study aimed to assess whether HBPMs owned by participants taking part in a clinical trial were validated models. The TIME study is a decentralised randomised trial investigating the effect of antihypertensive medication dosing time on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension. No HBPMs were provided to participants in this trial but patients were asked to report if they already owned one. We identified the model of HBPM reported by participants, then cross-referenced this against lists of validated HBPMs produced by dabl Educational Trust and the British and Irish Hypertension Society (BIHS). Of 21,104 participants, 10,464 (49.6%) reported their model of HBPM. 7464 (71.3%) of these participants owned a monitor that could be identified from the participants’ entry. Of these, 6066 (81.3%) participants owned a monitor listed as validated by either dabl (n = 5903) or BIHS (n = 5491). Some were listed as validated by both. 1398 (18.7%) participants owned an identifiable HBPM that lacked clear evidence of validation. 6963 (93.3%) participants owned an upper arm HBPM and 501 (6.7%) owned a wrist HBPM. Validated HBPMs had a higher median online retail price of £45.00 compared to £20.00 for HBPMs lacking clear evidence of validation. A significant number of participants own HBPMs lacking evidence of validation
Signalling Mechanisms Underlying Doxorubicin and Nox2 NADPH Oxidase-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Involvement of Mitofusin-2
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