Can proprioceptive training improve motor learning?

Recent work has investigated the link between motor learning and sensory function in arm movement control. A number of findings are consistent with the idea that motor learning is associated with systematic changes to proprioception (Haith A, Jackson C, Mial R, Vijayakumar S. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 21: 593-600, 2008; Ostry DJ, Darainy M, Mattar AA, Wong J, Gribble PL. J Neurosci 30: 5384-5393, 2010; Vahdat S, Darainy M, Milner TE, Ostry DJ. J Neurosci 31: 16907- 16915, 2011). Here, we tested whether motor learning could be improved by providing subjects with proprioceptive training on a desired hand trajectory. Subjects were instructed to reproduce both the time-varying position and velocity of novel, complex hand trajectories. Subjects underwent 3 days of training with 90 movement trials per day. Active movement trials were interleaved with demonstration trials. For control subjects, these interleaved demonstration trials consisted of visual demonstration alone. A second group of subjects received visual and proprioceptive demonstration simultaneously; this group was presented with the same visual stimulus, but, in addition, their limb was moved through the target trajectory by a robot using servo control. Subjects who experienced the additional proprioceptive demonstration of the desired trajectory showed greater improvements during training movements than control subjects who only received visual information. This benefit of adding proprioceptive training was seen in both movement speed and position error. Interestingly, additional control subjects who received proprioceptive guidance while actively moving their arm during demonstration trials did not show the same improvement in positional accuracy. These findings support the idea that the addition of proprioceptive training can augment motor learning, and that this benefit is greatest when the subject passively experiences the goal movement. © 2012 the American Physiological Society

Vernepleiere i nye kontekster. Endring, forskyvning og tilpasning : En casestudie av forhandlinger om vernepleieres kompetanse og yrkesroller i helse- og omsorgstjenester

Målet med avhandlingen er, med utgangspunkt i tverrprofesjonelt samarbeid i helse- og omsorgstjenestefelt, å bidra til kunnskapsutvikling om vernepleieres kompetanse og yrkesrolle. Studien undersøker og analyserer hvordan vernepleiere, deres samarbeidspartnere og ledere i tverrprofesjonelt samarbeid beskriver og gir innhold til sammenhenger mellom vernepleieres kompetanse og yrkesrolle i daglig samarbeid med andre tjenesteytere. Selv om vernepleiere fra politisk hold beskrives som nøkkelpersonell i videreutvikling av slike tjenesteområder, har profesjonen gjentatte ganger vært utfordret på kvalitet og relevans. Vernepleie har også vært truet med nedleggelse og sammenslåing med barnevernspedagogikk og sosialt arbeid senest i forbindelse med arbeider rundt Meld. St. 13 (2011–2012) Utdanning for velferd. Dette er problematisk for profesjonen, men kan også være utfordrende for samarbeidspartnere. Den overordnede problemstillingen denne studien reiser, er: Hvordan forhandler vernepleiere egen kompetanse og yrkesrolle i samarbeid med andre yrkes- og profesjonsgrupper i helse- og omsorgstjenester? Paper I : Folkman, A.K, Sverdrup, S. & Tveit, B. (2017). Tverrprofesjonalitet eller innordning? En casestudie av vernepleieres forhandlinger om posisjon i distriktpsykiatriske sentre. Fontene Forskning. 10, (1) 56–69. Paper II : Folkman, A.K, Tveit, B. & Sverdrup, S. (2019). Leadership of Multidisciplinary co-operation in Healthcare. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 12, 97–107. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S189199 Paper III : Folkman, A.K, Fjetland. K. J. & Sverdrup, S. (2019). Grenser for tverrprofesjonelt samarbeid: om vernepleiere i demensomsorgen. Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning (i review-prosess)

Infills: nouns and verbs without lexical meaning in Somali oral poetry.

This paper talks about the occurrence in poetry of nouns and verbs which have no lexical meaning in isolation from the context. The observations presented in this article apply to oral poetry._-_Qoraalkan wuxuu ka hadlayaa in warka maansada ay ku dhex jiraan magacyo iyo falal, kuwaasoo aan lahayn micno u gaar ah. Arrintanna waxa keliya loo adeegsadaa maansada hiddaha loo leeyahay._-_Questo documento parla della presenza nel linguaggio poetico di nomi e verbi che non hanno significato lessicale se isolati dal contesto. Le osservazioni presentate in questo articolo si applicano alla poesia orale.Copyright © Journal of African Cultural Studies reprinted by permission of (Taylor & Francis Ltd, http://www.tandfonline.com) on behalf of Journal of African Cultural Studies

Learning Web Request Patterns

Summary. Most requests on the Web are made on behalf of human users, and like other human-computer interactions, the actions of the user can be characterized by identifiable regularities. Much of these patterns of activity, both within a user, and between users, can be identified and exploited by intelligent mechanisms for learning Web request patterns. Our focus is on Markov-based probabilistic techniques, both for their predictive power and their popularity in Web modeling and other domains. Although history-based mechanisms can provide strong performance in predicting future requests, performance can be improved by including predictions from additional sources. In this chapter we review the common approaches to learning and predicting Web request patterns. We provide a consistent description of various algorithms (often independently proposed), and compare performance of those techniques on the same data sets. We also discuss concerns for accurate and realistic evaluation of these techniques.