Language and ethnic identity in a multi-ethnic high school in Wales

As increased numbers of students from diverse backgrounds populate British schools, concerns have been raised around minority languages within monolingual contexts (Wilson 2014; King and Fogle 2016). Drawing on a case study of a state English-medium, multi-ethnic, mixed and comprehensive high school in Wales, this thesis examined ethnic language and identity concerns among multi-ethnic students, through exploring their everyday school-life experiences. It investigated the consequences of the distinct interactional, ideological, and physical manifestations of ethnicity, demonstrating the ways in which the relevant identity attributes instruct students’ performances across a variety of social, educational, and most importantly psychological processes. More than 80 per cent of the students in the case study site were ethnic learners from 54 ethnic groups, with 64 different languages spoken amongst this cohort (Policy Statements 2016-17). The setting offered a scene of cultural diversity, where language represented an instructive tool for studying identity matters, and where language attitudes and practices indicated that cultural values distinguished individuals and different ethnic groups. The study generated data from an all school student survey (N=915), key stages three and four (KS3-4) student focus groups (N=8 sessions), interviews with teachers and staff members (N=19) and KS5 students (N=4), in addition to a site observation, which lasted for four months (two school days a week, for four months). Analysis of the data identified a significant native language use among Somali, Roma and Arab students even during lessons. The findings suggest strong associations between the students’ mother tongues’ conversational exercise and negative social and academic experiences within the school. Native languages transcended their communicative functions to signal the negotiation and contestation of identity. Debating the practicality of native discourses and the discourses of stigma, the thesis evidences an incongruence between the mandated pedagogies, cultural diversities, and educational resources, while highlighting the significance of native interactions in students’ ascription and loyalty to their spirituality, cultural affiliation, and perceptions of the self

In situ GISAXS study of the growth of Pd on MgO(001)

The morphology of growing Pd nano-particles on MgO(001) surfaces have been investigated in situ, during growth, by grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering, for different substrate temperatures. The 2D patterns obtained are quantitatively analyzed, and the average morphological parameters (shape, size) deduced. Above 650 K, the aggregates adopt their equilibrium shape of truncated octahedron, and the interfacial energy is deduced.Comment: 10 pages, 1 Table, 2 Figure

Dedicated core-on-anvil production of bladelet-like fakes in the Acheulean at Thomas Quarry I - L1 (Casablanca, Morocco)

The ability to produce large cutting tools (LCTs) is considered as the technological marker of the Acheulean and the indicator of a greater technological complexity compared to the previous Oldowan. Although Acheulean techno-complexes are also composed of a concurrent core-and-flake technology, the iconic handaxes have attracted more attention than any other lithic component. Consequently, little is known of the small and medium-sized flake productions (small flaking), especially starting from 1 Ma, when handaxe and cleaver manufacture becomes intensive and widespread across Africa, including the Atlantic coastal regions of Morocco. Research at Thomas Quarry I yielded a rich early Acheulean lithic assemblage, mainly composed of quartzite LCTs and small flaking, together with a small-sized flint production. Here, we report a particular aspect of this flint assemblage, i.e. a flint bladelet-like flake production. This process represents a discrete technical behaviour among those related to small flaking both in quartzite and flint: pebbles were flaked using the bipolar-on-anvil technique repeatedly employing a specific method to produce bladelet-like flakes. This production represents the oldest dated occurrence of bladelet-like technology in Africa and reveals technical competencies hitherto unknown for these periods, providing further elements for the techno-economic diversification of the African Acheulean

Éléments de caractérisation de l’art rupestre peint du Maroc méridional

Des découvertes récentes effectuées dans la région de Tan-Tan - M’Sied, permettent d’élargir le registre des sites d’art rupestre peint. L’étude d’une trentaine d’abris sous roche peints, inédits, et la révision d’une dizaine de sites, déjà connus, permettent de proposer un panorama de l’art rupestre peint élargi à l’ensemble du Maroc. Différentes des innombrables gravures de cette vaste région, ces œuvres complètent, de manière harmonieuse, les découvertes de la zone de Es-Smara. S’il est possible de reconnaître quelques occurrences au nord du Haut-Atlas, il semble que le Sud recèle un art rupestre, longtemps, resté insoupçonné ou mal connu. Au travers de ces œuvres peintes, apparaît une zone culturelle, relativement homogène, datant vraisemblablement, pour une partie, du IIIe millénaire Cal BC et du millénaire suivant

MP-ABT: A Minimal Perturbation Approach for Complex Local Problems

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Les paléolittoraux plio-pléistocènes de Casablanca, cadre chronostratigraphique et paléogéographique de la Préhistoire ancienne du Maroc atlantique

La succession de paléolittoraux de Casablanca représente une séquence d’une richesse exceptionnelle qui couvre les six derniers millions d’années. La lecture séquentielle des enregistrements, la caractérisation des environnements de dépôts et des données bio et géochronologiques permettent de proposer un cadre chronostratigraphique cohérent qui repose sur l’identification de séquences sédimentaires majeures enregistrant les hauts stationnements marins corrélatifs des grands cycles glacio-eustatiques. La richesse des enregistrements fait de la chronostratigraphie de Casablanca le système de référence du Quaternaire littoral du domaine atlantique marocain et offre un cadre nouveau pour la Préhistoire ancienne régionale

Modeling of the transient interstitial diffusion of implanted atoms during low-temperature annealing of silicon substrates

It has been shown that many of the phenomena related to the formation of "tails" in the low-concentration region of ion-implanted impurity distribution are due to the anomalous diffusion of nonequilibrium impurity interstitials. These phenomena include boron implantation in preamorphized silicon, a "hot" implantation of indium ions, annealing of ion-implanted layers et cetera. In particular, to verify this microscopic mechanism, a simulation of boron redistribution during low-temperature annealing of ion-implanted layers has been carried out under different conditions of transient enhanced diffusion suppression. Due to the good agreement with the experimental data, the values of the average migration length of nonequilibrium impurity interstitials have been obtained. It has been shown that for boron implanted into a silicon layer preamorphized by germanium ions the average migration length of impurity interstitials at the annealing temperature of 800 Celsius degrees be reduced from 11 nm to approximately 6 nm due to additional implantation of nitrogen. The further shortening of the average migration length is observed if the processing temperature is reduced to 750 Celsius degrees. It is also found that for implantation of BF2 ions into silicon crystal, the value of the average migration length of boron interstitials is equal to 7.2 nm for thermal treatment at a temperature of 800 Celsius degrees.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, RevTe