The Effects of Loud NICU Environments on Premature Infants and Interventions to Help Minimize Noise

Noise in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) often exceeds recommended safe noise levels and has been found to have negative effects on premature infants and their health. Some of these effects can be changes in their heart rate, respiratory rate, and sleep patterns. In addition, negative effects, such as hearing loss, can cause permanent damage that impact children\u27s long-term development. A preterm infant is an infant born before 37 weeks’ gestation. Being born prematurely comes with its own problems and many risks. Attempting to survive in an environment that causes more stress is not healing. Understanding the effects of noise on preterm infants’ physiological state and examining interventions to minimize NICU noise is essential. A review of the research literature was performed. Six primary studies exploring the effects of NICU noise on premature infants and interventions were found. The studies were divided into two categories: Effects of noise exposure and Interventions. The studies highlight the effects seen in preterm infants when exposed to noise and show unique interventions that can help minimize these effects. Some interventions that have been found to help minimize noise include implementing quiet times on the units and the use of earmuffs over preterm infants\u27 ears. Sound levels weren’t measured in the studies that implemented quiet times, so further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. A quasi-experimental study is proposed, framed by Florence Nightingale\u27s theory that a healthy environment is needed for patients\u27 healing. With parents\u27 consent, eligible NICU infants will be divided into an experimental group, receiving daily quiet time, and a control group, receiving care in the usual environment. The independent variable is sound level, and the outcome variable is infants\u27 vital signs. This investigation may help nurses understand the effect of noise on premature infants\u27 physiological status.https://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1010/thumbnail.jp

The Multi-Purpose Attorney: The Interpreting Attorney-Mediator

The attorney-mediator may be a beneficial hybrid, but what happens when another layer is added to the attorney\u27s functions? Specifically, what happens when the attorney takes on the role of both mediator and interpreter? Part I will provide a brief overview of the increasing role of attorneys as mediators, as well as an overview of the guidelines for mediators and interpreters. Part II examines the importance of language and culture in mediation, particularly focusing on the vital function of the interpreter in the United States. Given the variety of languages spoken in the United States, interpreters are becoming an essential tool to ensure accessibility to the legal system and justice. This section will also briefly look at the impact of cultural expectations by the client to analyze what the client\u27s expectations are of the attorney-mediator and the effect this has on the relationship and the overall satisfaction of the encounter. Part III combines the roles of attorney, mediator, and interpreter. While some argue that combining these roles is both inefficient and unethical, this article proposes that the guidelines for mediators and interpreters can be crafted to create a harmonious relationship, especially considering that the guidelines for these rules vary from jurisdictions, both in scope and in adoption

Spectral energy distribution analysis of class i and class ii fu orionis stars

FU Orionis stars (FUors) are eruptive pre-main sequence objects thought to represent quasi-periodic or recurring stages of enhanced accretion during the low-mass star-forming process. We characterize the sample of known and candidate FUors in a homogeneous and consistent way, deriving stellar and circumstellar parameters for each object. We emphasize the analysis in those parameters that are supposed to vary during the FUor stage. We modeled the spectral energy distributions of 24 of the 26 currently known FUors, using the radiative transfer code of Whitney et al. We compare our models with those obtained by Robitaille et al. for Taurus class II and I sources in quiescence periods by calculating the cumulative distribution of the different parameters. FUors have more massive disks: we find that ~80% of the disks in FUors are more massive than any Taurus class II and I sources in the sample. Median values for the disk mass accretion rates are ~10–7 M ☉ yr–1 versus ~10–5 M ☉ yr–1 for standard young stellar objects (YSOs) and FUors, respectively. While the distributions of envelope mass accretion rates for class I FUors and standard class I objects are similar, FUors, on average, have higher envelope mass accretion rates than standard class II and class I sources. Most FUors (~70%) have envelope mass accretion rates above 10–7 M ☉ yr–1. In contrast, 60% of the classical YSO sample has an accretion rate below this value. Our results support the current scenario in which changes experimented by the circumstellar disk explain the observed properties of these stars. However, the increase in the disk mass accretion rate is smaller than theoretically predicted, although in good agreement with previous determinations.Fil: Gramajo, Luciana Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; ArgentinaFil: Rodón Javier A.. European Southern Observatory. Santiago; ChileFil: Gomez, Mercedes Nieves. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; Argentin

The Effects of Loud NICU Environments on Premature Infants and Interventions to Help Minimize Noise

Noise in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) often exceeds recommended safe noise levels and has been found to have negative effects on premature infants and their health. Some of these effects can be changes in their heart rate, respiratory rate, and sleep patterns. In addition, negative effects, such as hearing loss, can cause permanent damage that impact children\u27s long-term development. A preterm infant is an infant born before 37 weeks’ gestation. Being born prematurely comes with its own problems and many risks. Attempting to survive in an environment that causes more stress is not healing. Understanding the effects of noise on preterm infants’ physiological state and examining interventions to minimize NICU noise is essential. A review of the research literature was performed. Six primary studies exploring the effects of NICU noise on premature infants and interventions were found. The studies were divided into two categories: Effects of noise exposure and Interventions. The studies highlight the effects seen in preterm infants when exposed to noise and show unique interventions that can help minimize these effects. Some interventions that have been found to help minimize noise include implementing quiet times on the units and the use of earmuffs over preterm infants\u27 ears. Sound levels weren’t measured in the studies that implemented quiet times, so further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. A quasi-experimental study is proposed, framed by Florence Nightingale\u27s theory that a healthy environment is needed for patients\u27 healing. With parents\u27 consent, eligible NICU infants will be divided into an experimental group, receiving daily quiet time, and a control group, receiving care in the usual environment. The independent variable is sound level, and the outcome variable is infants\u27 vital signs. This investigation may help nurses understand the effect of noise on premature infants\u27 physiological status

Stenomicra (Diptera: Opomyzoidea) en Argentina, con información sobre la biología del género

This is the first literature record of the genus Stenomicra Coquillett (Diptera: Periscelididae) from South America (Neotropical Region). New information on the biological cycle of Stenomicra species in the wild is provided, and four species of the genus Eryngium L. (Apiaceae) are recorded as host plants for immature stages of this taxon. The specimens of Stenomicra sp. were collected in Sierra de la Ventana, Buenos Aires province, Argentina.En este estudio, se publica por primera vez para Sudamérica (Región Neotropical) el género Stenomicra Coquillett (Diptera: Periscelididae). Se aporta información sobre su ciclo biológico en condiciones naturales y se mencionan cuatro especies del género Eryngium L. (Apiaceae), como plantas hospedadoras de los estados inmaduros. Los ejemplares de Stenomicra sp. fueron colectados en Sierra de la Ventana, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.Fil: Campos, Raul Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Gramajo, Maria Cecilia. Fundación Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Lizarralde, Mercedes Sara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto Superior de Entomología; Argentin

Factors influencing the Relationship between the Latinx Community and Law Enforcement

The study has quantitative and qualitative aspects. The quantitative aspect measures how attitudes toward law enforcement and fear are related and how attitudes toward law enforcement and willingness to seek help from law enforcement are related. The qualitative aspect explores how trust plays a role in the relationship between the Latinx community and law enforcement. The qualitative aspect of the study also seeks to address how the overall relationship between the Latinx community and law enforcement can be improves. Participants completed a quantitative survey that measured their attitudes towards law enforcement, fear towards law enforcement, and willingness to accept help from law enforcement. Separate participants completed a qualitative interview that looked into the factors that influence the level of trust that Latinx Canal residents have in the San Rafael Police Department as well as how those levels of trust shape the interactions between residents of the Canal community and the San Rafael Police Department. The interviews were conducted over zoom and lasted twenty to thirty minutes. No significant correlation was found between attitudes regarding law enforcement in the Latinx community and fear levels. A significant correlation was found between attitudes regarding law enforcement in the Latinx community and willingness to seek help from law enforcement. The qualitative findings demonstrated that trust levels between police and the Latinx community residents can be increased through the humanization of both parties. The Latinx community residents expressed that the humanization process consists of police involvement in the community beyond security, frequent interactions between the police and residents over time, and through transparency. As trust levels increase, fear levels towards law enforcement decrease in the community