Influence of Phase Diffuser Dynamics on Scintillations of Laser Radiation in Earth Atmosphere: Long-Distance Propagation

The effect of a random phase diffuser on fluctuations of laser light (scintillations) is studied. Not only spatial but also temporal phase variations introduced by the phase diffuser are analyzed. The explicit dependence of the scintillation index on finite-time phase variations is obtained for long propagation paths. It is shown that for large amplitudes of phase fluctuations, a finite-time effect decreases the ability of phase diffuser to suppress the scintillations.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure

Features of the development of student sports in Moscow and abroad

The relevance of the study is due to the level of attention of the state and the public to the development of student sports, its growing role in the socialization of students. The purpose of the study is to determine approaches and identify features of the development of university sports on the example of the city of Moscow. The hypothesis of the study is that the determination of key barriers to the development of university sports in various megacities has a number of similar features, includes issues of interaction between various industries (i.e. education, physical culture and sports, healthcare, etc.), and also reflects the level of interaction of various stakeholder organizations in this process. The study examined official statistics, current regulatory and legal documents, as well as information from sociological surveys conducted among students in Moscow. The analysis identified the key organizations that influence the development of university sports in Moscow and the main barriers to their effective interaction. The study also used an analysis of international experience in the development of university sports and the study of existing models. A distinctive feature of the study is the consideration of the issue of various aspects and activities for the development of university sports in the world’s megacities: Berlin, Paris, London and Beijing

Traditional and Modern Protective Media for the Low-Temperature Bacteria Preservation

Presented are the literature data on the efficiency of bacteria preservation at temperatures ranging from -20 to -196 °C in the protective media containing such cryoprotectors as glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbo-hydrates, substances of protein origin specified by regulatory guidelines. Most of the focus is on the publications reporting the results of the long-term bacteria preservation at sub-zero temperatures, optimization of the protective media for pathogenic bacteria, and usage of the compounds with potential cryoprotective activity. Noted is the necessity for approbation of the specified protective media for the conserved bacteria species at the applied preserving temperatures. One of the approaches to the enhancement of the low-temperature preservation techniques is a search for natural protectors, which can provide for surviving of bacteria in the unfavorable conditions, including low temperatures, and a search for possibility to integrate these natural protectors into the cryoprotective media. Displayed are the results of effective application of glycerol-betaine, and polysaccharides of Arctic microorganisms for the low-temperature bacteria preservation

Study of Organic Self-Assembled Nanosystems by Means of High-Frequency ESR/ENDOR: The Case of Oil Asphaltenes

© 2018, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. An approach to investigate self-assembly of oil disperse systems based on high-field electron nuclear double resonance has been suggested. As exemplified by asphaltenes, the oil components most prone to self-assembly, the formation of planar rather than multilayer structures has been directly evidenced experimentally. The suggested method can be applied to elucidate the self-assembly mechanism in wide range of organic objects

In Situ Identification of Various Structural Features of Vanadyl Porphyrins in Crude Oil by High-Field (3.4 T) Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance Spectroscopy Combined with Density Functional Theory Calculations

© 2017 American Chemical Society.Structural characterization of metalloporphyrins in complex systems, such as native hydrocarbons, has been the focus of scientific and industrial interests for many years. We describe electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) of crude oil from the well without any additional sample treatment (i.e., in the native environment) in the magnetic field of about 3.4 T and temperature of 50 K by applying microwave pulses at 94 GHz (W band) and radio frequency pulses at near the proton Larmor frequencies of 144 MHz to probe the paramagnetic vanadyls. By means of density functional theory calculations, ENDOR features are explained and ascribed to certain vanadyl porhyrin structural forms known to be present in crude oil

Lysogenic System of Non-Epidemic Cholera Vibrio El Tor, Resistant to Diagnostic Bacteriophage CTX-

Studied are non-epidemic strains of V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor taken from the National collection of pathogenic bacteria lodged at the Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, which were not sensible to diagnostic cholera bacteriophage El Tor ctx- at the time of isolation. Represented are the results of investigation regarding a cause of a phage-resistance of these cultures using specialized test-system consisting of indicator strains. Identified is the carriage of temperate phages among 88,0 % of the cultures examined

Tomosyn inhibits synaptic vesicle priming in Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans TOM-1 is orthologous to vertebrate tomosyn, a cytosolic syntaxin-binding protein implicated in the modulation of both constitutive and regulated exocytosis. To investigate how TOM-1 regulates exocytosis of synaptic vesicles in vivo, we analyzed C. elegans tom-1 mutants. Our electrophysiological analysis indicates that evoked postsynaptic responses at tom-1 mutant synapses are prolonged leading to a two-fold increase in total charge transfer. The enhanced response in tom-1 mutants is not associated with any detectable changes in postsynaptic response kinetics, neuronal outgrowth, or synaptogenesis. However, at the ultrastructural level, we observe a concomitant increase in the number of plasma membrane-contacting vesicles in tom-1 mutant synapses, a phenotype reversed by neuronal expression of TOM-1. Priming defective unc-13 mutants show a dramatic reduction in plasma membrane-contacting vesicles, suggesting these vesicles largely represent the primed vesicle pool at the C. elegans neuromuscular junction. Consistent with this conclusion, hyperosmotic responses in tom-1 mutants are enhanced, indicating the primed vesicle pool is enhanced. Furthermore, the synaptic defects of unc-13 mutants are partially suppressed in tom-1 unc-13 double mutants. These data indicate that in the intact nervous system, TOM-1 negatively regulates synaptic vesicle priming. © 2006 Gracheva et al

ENDOR study of nitrogen hyperfine and quadrupole tensors in vanadyl porphyrins of heavy crude oil

© Kazan Federal University (KFU).We report the observation of pulsed electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectrum caused by interactions of the nitrogen nuclei14N with the unpaired electron of the paramagnetic vanadyl complexes VO2+ of vanadyl porphyrins in natural crude oil. We provide detailed experimental and theoretical characterization of the nitrogen hyperfine and quadrupole tensors