Mixing in convective thermal fluxes in unsteady nonhomogeneous flows generating complex three dimensional vorticity patterns

Diffusion and scaling of the velocity and vorticity in a thermoelectric driven heating and cooling experimental device is presented in order to map the different patterns and transitions between two and three dimensional convection in an enclosure with complex driven flows. The size of the water tank is of 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.1 m and the heat sources or sinks can be regulated both in power and sign [1-3]. The thermal convective driven flows are generated by means of Peltier effects in 4 wall extended positions of 0.05 x 0.05 cm each. The parameter range of convective cell array varies strongly with the Topology of the boundary conditions. Side heat and momentum fluxes are a function of Rayleigh, Peclet and Nusselt numbers, [4-6] Visualizations are performed by PIV, Particle tracking and shadowgraph. The structure of the flow is shown by setting up a convective flow generated by buoyant heat fluxes. The experiments described here investigate high Prandtl number mixing using brine and fresh water in order to form a density interface and low Prandtl number mixing with temperature gradients. The evolution of the mixing fronts are compared and the topological characteristics of the merging of the convective structures are examined for different configurations. Based on two dimensional Vorticity spectral analysis, new techniques can be very useful to determine the evolution of scales considering the multi-fractal structure of the convective flows.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

High speed low complexity radix-16 Max-Log-MAP SISO decoder

International audienceAt present, the main challenge for hardware implementation turbo decoders is to achieve the high data rates required by current and future communication system standards. In order to address this challenge, a low complexity radix-16 SISO decoder for the Max-Log- MAP algorithm is proposed in this paper. Based on the elimination of parallel paths in the radix-16 trellis diagram, architectural solutions to reduce the hardware complexity of the different blocks of a SISO decoder are detailed. Moreover, two complementary techniques are introduced order to overcome BER/FER performance degradation when turbo decoders based on the proposed SISO decoder are considered. Thus, a penalty lower than 0.05dB is observed for a 8 state binary turbo code with respect to a traditional radix-2 turbo decoder for 6 decoding iterations

A New Educational Escape-Room-Based Model for the Sustainable Valorization and Management of Cultural and Natural Heritage

Based on the model of the “escape room” game, the activity proposed in this paper centres on the historical site of one of the fiercest battles of the Spanish Civil War (February 1937). The battle site is in the area of Rivas-vaciamadrid, the focal point of the Francoist and Republican camps, which connected the centre of Madrid with one of the city’s most important logistics and military facilities, Alcalà de Henares. The study proposes a new way to use the site and, in particular, proposes a live game aimed at involving different types of participants, aligning it with their specific profiles, whether children, adults or scholars. Its main aim is to propose an activity for the sustainable valorization of this heritage and to raise awareness in participants about this significant piece of history as well as its preservation in the long-term. It should be kept in mind that “Los pueblos que desconocen su Historia están condenados a repetirla”, i.e. “Those who do not know their history are doomed to repeat it”.The Rivas-vaciamadrid site is also a source of information and study regarding geological, natural and historical-artistic aspects. One example is the Porphyrio porphiyrio (western swamphen), present in the ecosystem of Rivas-vaciamadrid, which has a noteworthy past having been depicted in the mosaics of both the "Villa Romana del Casale" in Sicily and the Church of "San Vitale", in Ravenna, Italy as well as being reported in writings by Aristotle and Pliny the Elder

Diseño de plan estratégico de posicionamiento para una marca de ropa femenina en plataformas digitales de la ciudad de Pereira

En el escenario generado por la pandemia, las empresas de confección en Colombia enfrentan numerosos desafíos, como: mejorar el manejo de flujo de caja, migrar al modelo de negocio a digital, y, sobre todo, transformar el departamento de Marketing, que muchas veces es subestimado solamente como un costo, en lugar de un centro de adquisición de ingresos de manera previsible, escalable y sostenible. En el caso de este documento se diseñó un plan estratégico de posicionamiento para una marca de ropa femenina de la ciudad de Pereira en plataformas digitales, por esta razón es de vital importancia la creación de una estrategia de comunicación digital que apoye en la consolidación de una imagen clara y acorde con lo que se quiere transmitir, así mismo es esencial gestionar de manera adecuada la identidad y la cultura de la misma, lo que hace necesario desarrollar un plan de estrategias de comunicación y mercadeo que posicione el producto y diferencie la marca, basado en el manejo constante del ecosistema digital, la comunicación, visualización, identidad, planeación, benchmarking, branding, publicidad y análisis del mercado como herramienta, las cuales permitirán implementar la propuesta. Finalmente se llegó a diferentes conclusiones después de la aplicación e interpretación de la información recolectada a través del proceso investigativo una de ellas tiene que ver con el hecho de reconocer el papel que pueden desempeñar las redes sociales, son una forma esencial para Conectar con clientes, obtener información valiosa y hacer crecer la marca, hoy, existen muchas marcas que tienen una buena estrategia de marketing en redes sociales y están haciendo la diferencia en la decisión de compra del consumidor, debido a la confianza y ese vínculo de fidelidad. Una marca bien posicionada en redes sociales permite ganar credibilidad y confianza gracias al lazo que tiene con los clientes actuales y también con los potenciales.rated by the pandemic, apparel companies in Colombia face numerous challenges, such as: improving cash flow management, migrating the business model to digital, and, above all, transforming the Marketing department, which is often underestimated only as a cost, rather than a center of revenue acquisition in a predictable, scalable and sustainable way. In the case of this document a strategic positioning plan was designed for a women's clothing brand in the city of Pereira on digital platforms, for this reason it is of vital importance to create a digital communication strategy that supports the consolidation of a clear image and in line with what you want to convey, it is also essential to properly manage the identity and culture of the same, This makes it necessary to develop a communication and marketing strategy plan that positions the product and differentiates the brand, based on the constant management of the digital ecosystem, communication, visualization, identity, planning, benchmarking, branding, advertising and market analysis as a tool, which will allow implementing the proposal. Finally, different conclusions were reached after the application and interpretation of the information collected through the research process, one of them has to do with the fact of recognizing the role that social networks can play, they are an essential way to connect with customers, obtain valuable information and grow the brand, today, there are many brands that have a good marketing strategy in social networks and are making a difference in the consumer's purchase decision, due to the trust and that bond of loyalty. A well positioned brand in social networks allows gaining credibility and trust thanks to the bond it has with current and potential customers.PregradoIngeniero(a) IndustrialTabla de contenido 1. Introducción............................................................................................................ 10 2. Áreas de investigación ............................................................................................ 11 3. Asignaturas de investigación .................................................................................. 12 4. Capítulo 1. Etapa de planeación.............................................................................. 13 4.1. Planteamiento del problema................................................................................... 13 4.2. Formulación del problema ..................................................................................... 14 4.3. Sistematización del problema.......................................................................... 14 4.5. Objetivos de investigación..................................................................................... 14 4.5.1. Objetivo general.............................................................................................. 14 4.5.2 Objetivos específicos........................................................................................ 15 4.6 Justificación ............................................................................................................ 15 4.6.1 Teórica ............................................................................................................. 15 4.6.2 Metodológica ................................................................................................... 17 4.7 Marco de referencia ................................................................................................ 17 4.7.1 Marco teórico................................................................................................... 17 4.7.1.1 Sector textil en Colombia. .................................................................................... 17 4.7.1.2 Administración. .................................................................................................... 18 4.7.1.2.1 Pirámide de Maslow...................................................................................... 18 4.7.1.3 Estadística............................................................................................................ 19 4.7.1.3.1 Estadística descriptiva................................................................................... 19 4.7.1.4 Mercadeo. ............................................................................................................ 20 4.7.1.4.1 Marketing Digital. ......................................................................................... 21 4.7.1.4.2 Teoría de posicionamiento. ........................................................................... 21 4.7.1.5 Teoría de comunicación. ...................................................................................... 22 4.7.2 Marco conceptual ............................................................................................ 22 4.7.3 Marco espacial................................................................................................. 25 4.7.4 Marco legal...................................................................................................... 25 4.8. Hipótesis ................................................................................................................ 26 4.8.1 Hipótesis de primer grado ............................................................................... 26 4.8.2 Hipótesis de segundo grado............................................................................. 26 4.9. Diseño metodológico ............................................................................................. 27 4.9.1 Tipo de investigación ....................................................................................... 27 4.9.1.1 Exploratoria. ........................................................................................................ 27 6 4.9.1.2 Descriptiva. .......................................................................................................... 27 4.9.2 Método de investigación .................................................................................. 27 4.9.2.1 Observación cualitativa........................................................................................ 27 4.9.2.2 Materiales digitales y audiovisuales..................................................................... 27 4.9.2.3 Método de análisis................................................................................................ 28 4.10 Fuentes y técnicas de recolección de información................................................ 28 4.10.1 Fuentes primarias ................................................................................................. 28 4.10.2 Fuentes secundarias.............................................................................................. 28 4.10.3 Instrumentos.......................................................................................................... 29 4.10.4 Tratamiento de la Información.............................................................................. 29 4.10.5 Muestra ................................................................................................................. 30 4.11. Cronograma De Trabajo ...................................................................................... 31 4.11.1 Diagrama De Gantt ....................................................................................... 31 4.11.2 Presupuesto.................................................................................................... 33 5. Capítulo 2: Etapa de ejecución ............................................................................... 34 5.1 Objetivo específico 1........................................................................................... 34 5.1.1 Resultados Más Relevantes Que Dan Respuesta Al Objetivo Específico ........ 35 5.1.2 Conclusiones preliminares............................................................................... 35 5.1.3 Limitantes e inconvenientes............................................................................. 36 5.2 Objetivo específico 2........................................................................................... 50 5.3 Objetivo específico 3........................................................................................... 76 Conclusiones generales..................................................................................................... 82 5.4 Objetivo específico 4. ............................................................................................. 85 5.5 Objetivo específico 5 .............................................................................................. 89 5.5.1 Establecer estrategias en base a Las 4p’s del marketing o Marketing Mix .... 92 5.5.2 Tácticas para el posicionamiento de una marca de ropa femenina en medios digitales................................................................................................................................. 97 5.5.3 Crear marketing de contenido y estrategias de blog a través del inbound marketing ............................................................................................................................ 103 5.5.4 Implementar estrategias de blended marketing o marketing online y offline 106 5.6. Objetivo específico 6. .......................................................................................... 109 6. Conclusiones......................................................................................................... 110 6.1 Objetivo específico 1. ....................................................................................... 110 6.2. Objetivo específico 2 ....................................................................................... 110 6.3 Objetivo específico 3. ....................................................................................... 111 6.4 Objetivo específico 4 ........................................................................................ 112 6.5 Objetivo específico 5. ....................................................................................... 112 6.6 Objetivo específico 6. ....................................................................................... 113 7. Recomendaciones ................................................................................................. 113 7 7.1 Objetivo específico 1. ....................................................................................... 113 7.2 Objetivo específico 2. ....................................................................................... 113 7.3 Objetivo específico 3. ....................................................................................... 114 7.4 Objetivo específico 4. ....................................................................................... 114 7.5 Objetivo específico 5. ....................................................................................... 115 7.6 Objetivo específico 6. ....................................................................................... 115 8. Bibliografía ........................................................................................................... 11

Partial Substitution of Cu Sites by Mg for the Improvement of CuWO4 Photoanodes Performance

The photoelectrochemical properties of CuWO4 (Mg x%) thin-films obtained by solution-based methods are investigated as a function of the material composition. The thin-films are prepared by spin-coating a single precursor solution onto FTO-coated glass substrates, followed by an annealing process at 550 °C. XRD, Raman, XPS, and electrochemical data studies indicate the formation of single-phase CuWO4 (Mg x%), with Mg2+ partially substituting Cu2+ sites. Photoelectrochemical studies under monochromatic illumination show an 88.2% increase in photocurrent responses and a 2-fold increase in charge carriers bulk separation efficiency at 1.0 V vs RHE, upon replacing 2.5% of Cu by Mg. DFT calculations reveal that Mg incorporation rearranges electron density, shifting the position of magnesium toward an axial oxygen atom, increasing the covalent nature of the bond and decreasing the Cu–O bond length. It is proposed that a change in the localization of the electron density away from the sphere of influence of the oxygen atom, and toward the shared space of the covalent bond, leads to better carrier mobility and the generation of higher photocurrents

ACEWATER2 Regional database: hydro-climatology data-analysis

The report presents the architecture of a regional hydro-climatology information system, developed in the framework of the ACEWATER2 project, in order to support effective organization of information. Information includes both freely available large and regional scale data sources, as well as databases compiled by the CoEs (Centers of Excellence) and submitted as part of their scientific undertakings. The information system builds upon and specializes the JRC knowledge sharing platform Aquaknow (https://aquaknow.jrc.ec.europa.eu/), including: • at the system core, a relational database; its schema has been designed to store both detailed metadata and, where relevant (avoiding duplication of information otherwise accessible), data themselves. Metadata include, among others, datasets extended description, spatial extent, temporal frequency, reference Institutions/authors, credits and limitations, web links to access original data and/or any further documentation. Data can be stored as public or private, depending upon confidentialy and sharing policies; • user friendly facilities, supporting the end user in efficiently browsing, querying, uploading and downloading information (metadata and data). System access is limited to accredited audience, via password authentication. Dedicated groups for the three ACEWATER CoE networks (Western, Southern and Central-Eastern Africa) have been setup and scientists invited to register. Currently the system is operational and we submitted databases documented and, depending upon confidentiality and authorization issues, also stored. A general review and classification of freely available information at continenal, regional and local scale of interest to ACEWATER2 project, and particularly to selected study areas (Senegal, Gambia and Niger; Zambezi; Blue Nile and Lake Victoria), have been completed. Metadata and, where relevant, data themselves have been stored to the information system database. Information submitted by the CoE (a continuous ongoing process) is migrated to the database as well, depending upon sharing authorization and/or limitations. The report also documents the ongoing scientific research at JRC on climate variability analysis based on L-Moments statistics. In particular maps of estimated precipitation deficit for different return periods at the river basins of interest are presented and included in the database.JRC.D.2-Water and Marine Resource

Convective thermal fluxes in unsteady non-homogeneous flows

In this paper we describe a novel experimental apparatus consisting of a thermoelectric driven heating and cooling device that could be used in didactic laboratories and research. Is possible to model common environmental flows by means of convective cooling and/or heating. We describe here a four cell device, in a 3D enclosure, but furthermore, it is possible to generate a convective flow of complex profiles using an array of thermoelectric devices (Peltier/Seebeck cells) controlled by a thermal proportional-integral-derivative controller generating a multisource buoyant flux. When convective heating and cooling takes place the combination of internal waves and buoyant turbulence is much more complicated if the Rayleigh and Reynolds numbers are high in order to study entrainment and mixing. The experiments made by our thermoelectric driven device could be used to analyze complex mixing, in either low or high Prandtl numbers, using scalar or heat transport in different liquids. From the varied experiments carried out with our device, we can compute and visualize the fields of velocity, vorticity, density and their gradients, here just a few configurations and the corresponding flows will be shown.This work was partially supported by the company BEROTZA S.L. under Grant No. UPC-BEROTZA-2014-0880 We would also like to thank FLUMEN-UPC and ERCOFTAC and the PELNoHT for travel support for J.T.. Technology Transfer Centre of Technical University of Catalonia (CTT-UPC) grant supported the implementation and analyses of the experiments. Sincere gratitude is extended to Dr. H. Takeda and Masao Kuramitsu from Hokaido Univ.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Experimentar con los elementos más importantes de Google Lens

Este proyecto se centrará en investigar sobre los elementos que hacen posible el funcionamiento de Google Lens. Dividiendo el contenido en tres apartados principales, como son la detección, extracción y traducción de texto. Haciendo una investigación para escoger al menos dos de los algoritmos o redes neuronales más adecuados para cada tarea, explicando brevemente el funcionamiento de los mismos. También se escogen un conjunto de datasets de imágenes especialmente pensado para escenas de detección de texto. Tres de ellos serán datasets públicos mencionados en artı́culos cientı́ficos similares, además de generar uno propio que contará con imágenes que diremos exteriores e interiores. Exteriores son principalmente carteles de restauran- tes, bares, tiendas y otros establecimientos y señalizado públicos. Mientras que las interiores serán imágenes que se pueden encontrar dentro de estos establecimientos, como menús de restaurantes, libros en una librerı́a u otros objetos que se puedan encontrar incluso dentro de casa que contengan texto. Estos datasets serán utilizados para comparar los algoritmos escogidos anteriormente y determinar cuál de ellos es el más adecuado para cada tarea.This project will be focused around investigating the elements that make possible Google Lens. It will be divided in three main areas, text detection, extraction and translation. Researching to pick at least two algorithms or neural networks most adequate for each task, giving a brief explanation of each of them. There'll also be image datasets selected especially for text detection. Three of them will be public datasets previously mentioned in various scientific articles, in addition to those three, a fourth one will be made with my own images, both outdoors and indoors. To clarify, outdoors are, like the name specifies, images taken outside, consisting of images with different signs, like those of a restaurant, bar, other establishments and public road signs. Indoors are referring to images you can find inside those establishments, like a menu inside a restaurant, books on a library or other objects that contain text that can be found inside a house. These datasets will later be used to test and compare the selected algorithms and compare results between them to determine which of them provides better results.Aquest projecte se centrarà a investigar sobre els elements que fan possible el funcionament de Google Lens. Dividint el contingut en tres apartats principals, com són la detecció, extracció i traducció de text. Fent una recerca per a triar almenys dos dels algorismes o xarxes neuronals més adequats per a cada tasca, explicant breument el funcionament d'aquests. També es trien un conjunt de datasets d'imatges especialment seleccionat per a escenes de detecció de text. Tres d'ells seran datasets públics esmentats en articles científics similars, a més de generar un propi que comptarà amb imatges d'exteriors i interiors. Exteriors són principalment cartells de restaurants, bars, botigues i altres establiments i senyalitzat públics. Mentre que les interiors seran imatges que es poden trobar dins d'aquests establiments, com a menús de restaurants, llibres en una llibreria o altres objectes que es puguin trobar fins i tot dins de casa que continguin text. Aquests datasets seran utilitzats per a comparar els algorismes triats anteriorment i determinar quin d'ells és el més adequat per a cada tasca