Geocronología de la Terraza Compleja de Arganda en el valle del río Jarama (Madrid, España)

La Terraza Compleja de Arganda (TCA), situada en el tramo bajo del río Jarama (Madrid), está formada por sucesivos apilamientos de secuencias fluviales denominados de abajo a arriba Arganda I, II, III y IV, en los que se han encontrado importantes yacimientos arqueológicos y paleontológicos del Pleistoceno (Áridos 1 y 2, Valdocarros o HAT), y numerosos conjuntos de industria lítica del Paleolítico inferior y medio. Hasta ahora, la única referencia cronológica disponible para la TCA era la proporcionada por el estadio evolutivo de los micromamíferos de los yacimientos Áridos 1 en Arganda I y Valdocarros en Arganda II. En este trabajo, se propone la equivalencia de las distintas unidades de la TCA con terrazas escalonadas y se establece un marco cronológico numérico, obtenido mediante dataciones de termoluminiscencia, luminiscencia ópticamente estimulada y racemización de aminoácidos. Arganda I (≈ T+30-32 m) se situaría hacia el final del MIS 11 o en el inicio del MIS 9, Arganda II (≈T+23-24 m) se correspondería con el inicio del MIS 7, Arganda III (≈T+18-20 m) se situaría entre el MIS 7 y el MIS 5, y Arganda IV comenzaría su deposición en el MIS 5 finalizando su sedimentación en el MIS 1 al sur de Arganda del Rey (Madrid)

An iterated Radau method for time-dependent PDE's

This paper is concerned with the time integration of semi-discretized, multi-dimensional PDEs of advection-diffusion-reaction type. To cope with the stiffness of these ODEs, an implicit method has been selected, viz., the two-stage, third-order Radau IIA method. The main topic of this paper is the efficient solution of the resulting implicit relations. First a modified Newton process has been transformed into an iteration process in which the 2 stages are decoupled and, moreover, can exploit the same LU-factorization of the iteration matrix. Next, we apply a so-called Approximate Matrix Factorization (AMF) technique to solve the linear systems in each Newton iteration. This AMF approach is very efficient since it reduces the `multi-dimensional' system to a series of `one-dimensional' systems. The total amount of linear algebra work involved is reduced enormously by this approach. The idea of applying AMF to two-dimensional problems is quite old and goes back to Peaceman and Rachford in the early fifties. The situation in three space dimensions is less favourable and will be analyzed here in more detail, both theoretically and experimentally. Furthermore, we analyze a variant in which the AMF-technique has been used to really solve (`until convergence') the underlying Radau IIA method so that we can rely on its excellent stability and accuracy characteristics. Finally, the method has been tested on several examples. Also a comparison has been made with the existing codes VODPK and IMEXRKC, and the efficiency (CPU time versus accuracy) is shown to be at least competitive with the efficiency of these solvers

Vector magnetic hysteresis of hard superconductors

Critical state problems which incorporate more than one component for the magnetization vector of hard superconductors are investigated. The theory is based on the minimization of a cost functional ${\cal C}[\vec{H}(\vec{x})]$ which weighs the changes of the magnetic field vector within the sample. We show that Bean's simplest prescription of choosing the correct sign for the critical current density $J_c$ in one dimensional problems is just a particular case of finding the components of the vector $\vec{J}_c$. $\vec{J}_c$ is determined by minimizing ${\cal C}$ under the constraint $\vec{J}\in\Delta (\vec{H},\vec{x})$, with $\Delta$ a bounded set. Upon the selection of different sets $\Delta$ we discuss existing crossed field measurements and predict new observable features. It is shown that a complex behavior in the magnetization curves may be controlled by a single external parameter, i.e.: the maximum value of the applied magnetic field $H_m$.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev.

A dark energy multiverse

We present cosmic solutions corresponding to universes filled with dark and phantom energy, all having a negative cosmological constant. All such solutions contain infinite singularities, successively and equally distributed along time, which can be either big bang/crunchs or big rips singularities. Classicaly these solutions can be regarded as associated with multiverse scenarios, being those corresponding to phantom energy that may describe the current accelerating universe

Anti-inflammatory activity of

The anti-inflammatory activity of the chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of Wigandia urens and Acalypha alopecuroides were investigated on carrageenan-induced paw edema at doses of 400 mg/kg. The three extracts of W. urens, and the aqueous extract of A. alopecuroides caused significantinhibition of the edema (58.1±6.5% and 63.5±5.4%, respectively). Indomethacin was used as positive control (8 mg/kg), and inhibited edema by 66.3±5.2%. The methanol extract of W. urens and the aqueous extract of A. alopecuroides, at doses of 200 mg/kg, inhibited pellet implantation-induced granuloma formation by 69.4±6.5 and 70.6±6.6%, respectively. These levels of inhibition are higher than those exhibited by naproxen at doses of 50 mg/kg (46.1±7.1%). Both extracts showed activity on adjuvantinduced arthritis in rats, with the best effect being observed after 96 h (82.2±4.6 and 80.6±7.3%, respectively)

Inverse mass matrix via the method of localized lagrange multipliers

An efficient method for generating the mass matrix inverse is presented, which can be tailored to improve the accuracy of target frequency ranges and/or wave contents. The present method bypasses the use of biorthogonal construction of a kernel inverse mass matrix that requires special procedures for boundary conditions and free edges or surfaces, and constructs the free-free inverse mass matrix employing the standard FEM procedure. The various boundary conditions are realized by the method of localized Lagrange multipliers. Numerical experiments with the proposed inverse mass matrix method are carried out to validate the effectiveness proposed technique when applied to vibration analysis of bars and beams. A perfect agreement is found between the exact inverse of the mass matrix and its direct inverse computed through biorthogonal basis functions

Limit Cycles of Polynomially Integrable Piecewise Differential Systems

In this paper, we study how many algebraic limit cycles have the discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems separated by a straight line, with polynomial first integrals on both sides. We assume that at least one of the systems is Hamiltonian. Under this assumption, piecewise differential systems have no more than one limit cycle. This study characterizes linear differential systems with polynomial first integrals