Derun dil

Safveti Ziya'nın Malumat'ta tefrika edilen Derun Dil adlı roman

Comparative Analysis of Duckweed Cultivation with Sewage Water and SH Media for Production of Fuel Ethanol

<div><p>Energy crises and environmental pollution have caused considerable concerns; duckweed is considered to be a promising new energy plant that may relieve such problems. <i>Lemna aequinoctialis</i> strain 6000, which has a fast growth rate and the ability to accumulate high levels of starch was grown in both Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and in sewage water (SW). The maximum growth rates reached 10.0 g DW m⁻² day⁻¹ and 4.3 g DW m⁻² day⁻¹, respectively, for the SH and SW cultures, while the starch content reached 39% (w/w) and 34% (w/w). The nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate reached 80% (SH) and 90% (SW) during cultivation, and heavy metal ions assimilation was observed. About 95% (w/w) of glucose was released from duckweed biomass hydrolysates, and then fermented by Angel yeast with ethanol yield of 0.19 g g⁻¹ (SH) and 0.17 g g⁻¹ (SW). The amylose/amylopectin ratios of the cultures changed as starch content increased, from 0.252 to 0.155 (SH) and from 0.252 to 0.174 (SW). <i>Lemna aequinoctialis</i> strain 6000 could be considered as valuable feedstock for bioethanol production and water resources purification.</p></div

Reducing sugar analysis of hydrolyzates of duckweed grown in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW). Glc: glucose, Gal: galactose, Man: mannose.

<p>Different letters indicate significant differences between different conditions (<i>p</i><0.05)</p><p>Reducing sugar analysis of hydrolyzates of duckweed grown in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW). Glc: glucose, Gal: galactose, Man: mannose.</p

Ion concentrations in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW) before and after cultivation.

<p>Ion concentrations in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW) before and after cultivation.</p

Duckweed-mediated nitrogen removal from Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW).

<p>Each data point represents the mean of triplicate values; error bars indicate the standard deviation.</p

Kinetics of duckweed growth in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW).

<p>Each data point represents the mean of triplicate values; error bars indicate the standard deviation.</p

Changes in the amylose, amylopectin, and starch content of <i>L. aequinoctialis</i> before and after cultivation in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW).

<p>All data are presented as the mean of triplicate measurements ± standard deviation. Different letters indicate significant differences between different conditions (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p>Changes in the amylose, amylopectin, and starch content of <i>L. aequinoctialis</i> before and after cultivation in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW).</p

Glucose released from the biomass of duckweed after enzymatic saccharification and ethanol yields of the fermentation in hydrolysates of duckweed biomass with Angel Yeast.

<p>Each data is the mean of three replicates ± standard deviation.</p><p>Glucose released from the biomass of duckweed after enzymatic saccharification and ethanol yields of the fermentation in hydrolysates of duckweed biomass with Angel Yeast.</p

Kinetics of starch content variation during duckweed cultivation in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium (SH) and sewage water (SW).

<p>Each data point represents the mean of triplicate values; error bars indicate the standard deviation.</p

Application of "Problem Solving" in Religious Educatiion

Anglická anotace (English annotation) Application of the "Problem solving" to the Religious education This dissertation work deals with the practical application of teaching methods "problem solving" in the lessons of religion with all its pros and cons. It deals with issues in the teaching of religious education 8th classes of elementary schools, using only the Czech language and suggested topics, which are set out in the curriculum of religious education Roman Catholic Church in 2004, for use in the diocese of Hradec Králové. The first part is devoted to learning theory, regulations, curriculum and teaching plans of the relevant legislation with regard to the specifics and the territorial limits. The following section presents the individual applicable methods in the "problem solving" with respect to the development of key competencies of students. And in the last section are selected appropriate methods discussed in details and presented on topics discussed in the teaching of religious education lessons. The course of instruction and the subsequent reactions of students and teachers alike are drawn appropriate recommendations to the methods already fully applicable. In conclusion, the proper methods for teaching religious education in the 8th elementary school classroom are described in detail for any..