MEMÓRIAS DE SABERES TRADICIONAIS NO ANTIGO QUILOMBO CABULA (SALVADOR – BAHIA): PERCURSOS ENTRE NARRATIVAS DE PARTO

Este artigo apresenta a discussão teórica e metodológica adotada na pesquisa de doutorado homônima. Partimos do território quilombola do Cabula, ancorando primeiramente na discussão sobre os processos de colonização, colonialidade e contra colonização e como influenciam o campo da saúde. A segunda sessão aporta na incidência desses processos sobre o oficio das Parteiras Tradicionais e no contexto da gestação, parto e pós-parto. Por fim, atracamos nos aspectos metodológicos em torno das narrativas como resistência contra colonizadora

Germination niche of a neotropical dry forest species: seed osmotic stress and recovery

Abstract: Erythrina velutina Willd is a native Fabaceae with wide occurrence, mainly in the Caatinga Domain with multiple uses. This study aimed to compare the vulnerability/tolerance of seeds of four accessions of E. velutina to osmotic stresses. Four replications were conducted with 25 seeds, germinated in osmotic solutions of NaCl or PEG up to -1.73 MPa. Seeds that did not germinate after 14 days were recovered in distilled water. Obtained data were fitted in Boltzmann curves and t50 and synchrony were evaluated. A probit analysis was performed, and hydrotime and halotime models were constructed. In distilled water, the germination curve was similar for all accessions. When the concentration of salt or PEG in the substrate increased, the accessions differentiated into two groups. Two accessions - Jutaí 2012 and Jutaí 2015 - maintained high germination up to -0.86 MPa NaCl, while Caboclo 2008 and Caiçara 2011 accessions presented a lower germination speed. The hydrotime and halotime analyses separated the germination response of accessions according to their physiological quality and tolerance to osmotic and saline conditions. Seeds viability was maintained at both stresses, since germination was reestablished at distilled water, thus constituting a crucial response for this species’ survival and conservation

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATENDIMENTO A VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL NO PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO DE RESIDENTES DE ENFERMAGEM EM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO

Introduction: Sexual violence against women is the most atrocious form of gender-based violence and has repercussions on both their physical and mental health. Health professionals must be qualified to care for women who are victims of this violence. Objective: To report the experience of resident nurses in caring for women victims of sexual abuse. Experience report: Resident professionals in the second year of the Nursing Residency in Obstetrics experienced assistance for women victims of sexual violence, in a Gynecological Emergency Department at a University Hospital. The first case attended was of a 61-year-old indigenous woman, whose alleged attacker was her own son. The second treatment was for a 19-year-old girl with a mental disorder. Although the social contexts of the victims are different, both have aspects in common that place them in a situation of social vulnerability. These services took place during an internship in the gynecological emergency and after the residents had completed the subjects “Ethics, citizenship, human and reproductive rights” and “Women and gender relations”. Conclusion: The experience of providing care in situations of violation of rights experienced by residents, during the period of professional training, allowed the development of specific skills within the Nursing core, related to the physical examination and use of the protocol established by the Ministry of Health and transversal skills such as empathy, decision making and teamwork. It was a health education experience that linked theory and practice, promoting reflection on the role of learning in services involving the care of women victims of sexual violence.Introducción: La violencia sexual contra las mujeres es la forma más atroz de violencia de género y tiene repercusiones tanto en su salud física como mental. Los profesionales de la salud deben estar capacitados para atender a las mujeres víctimas de esta violencia. Objetivo: Relatar la experiencia de enfermeras residentes en la atención a mujeres víctimas de abuso sexual. Relato de experiencia: Profesionales residentes del segundo año de la Residencia de Enfermería en Obstetricia atendieron a mujeres víctimas de violencia sexual, en un Servicio de Emergencia Ginecológica de un Hospital Universitario. El primer caso atendido fue de una mujer indígena de 61 años, cuyo presunto agresor era su propio hijo. El segundo tratamiento fue para una joven de 19 años con un trastorno mental. Si bien los contextos sociales de las víctimas son diferentes, ambos tienen aspectos en común que las colocan en una situación de vulnerabilidad social. Estos servicios se llevaron a cabo durante una pasantía en la emergencia ginecológica y luego de que las residentes hubieran completado las materias “Ética, ciudadanía, derechos humanos y reproductivos” y “Mujeres y relaciones de género”. Conclusión: La experiencia de brindar atención en situaciones de vulneración de derechos vividas por los residentes, durante el período de formación profesional, permitió el desarrollo de habilidades específicas dentro del núcleo de Enfermería, relacionadas con el examen físico y el uso del protocolo establecido por el Ministerio de Salud y habilidades transversales como la empatía, la toma de decisiones y el trabajo en equipo. Fue una experiencia de educación en salud que vinculó teoría y práctica, promoviendo la reflexión sobre el papel del aprendizaje en los servicios de atención a mujeres víctimas de violencia sexual.Introdução: A violência sexual contra a mulher se configura como a forma mais atroz de violência de gênero e traz repercussões tanto na sua saúde física quanto na mental. Os profissionais da saúde devem ser qualificados para atender mulheres vítimas dessa violência. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de residentes enfermeiras no atendimento a mulheres vítimas de abuso sexual. Relato da experiência: Profissionais residentes do segundo ano da Residência de Enfermagem em Obstetrícia vivenciaram o atendimento a mulheres vítimas de violência sexual, em um Pronto Atendimento Ginecológico de Hospital Universitário. O primeiro caso atendido foi de uma idosa indígena de 61 anos, cujo suposto agressor seria o próprio filho. O segundo atendimento foi a uma jovem de 19 anos, portadora de transtorno mental. Embora os contextos sociais das vítimas sejam diferentes, ambas têm em comum aspectos que as colocam em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Esses atendimentos se deram durante estágio na emergência ginecológica e após as residentes terem cursado as disciplinas de “Ética, cidadania, direitos humanos e reprodutivos” e “Mulher e relações de gênero”. Conclusão: A experiência de atendimento em situações de violação de direitos vivenciadas por residentes, no período de formação profissional, permitiu o desenvolvimento de competências específicas do núcleo da Enfermagem, relacionadas ao exame físico e emprego de protocolo estabelecido pelo Ministério da Saúde, e de competências transversais como empatia, tomada de decisão e trabalho em equipe. Foi uma experiência de educação na saúde que relacionou teoria e prática, promovendo a reflexão sobre o papel da aprendizagem em serviços envolvendo o cuidado a mulheres vítimas de violência sexual

Spatial distribution of scorpions according to the socioeconomic conditions in Campina Grande,State of Paraíba, Brazil

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Due to its frequency and morbidity, such as that caused by scorpions have achieved public health importance in certain regions of the world. The present exploratory ecological study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile and spatial distribution of scorpion stings in Campina Grande, State of Paraíba in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Geographical information system techniques were used to record the scorpion stings, and Google Earth software, Track Maker, and ArcGIS 10 Esri were used as geocoding databases. The Moran test was used to evaluate spatial correlation, and the Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze associations between scorpion stings and socioeconomic variables. RESULTS: The study evaluated 1,466 scorpion stings. Envenomations were more frequent among women (n = 908, 61.9%), and most patients were aged 13-28 years (n = 428, 29.2%). The Southern region of the city had the largest number of registered cases (n = 548, 37.4%), followed by the Western region (n = 510, 34.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Spatial analysis of scorpionism revealed an irregular occurrence in Campina Grande. Further, no association was observed between the socioeconomic factors analyzed and the geographic location of the scorpion envenomations. Detection of spatial areas with an increased risk of scorpionism can help prioritize adoption of preventive measures in these regions to reduce the associated incidence and morbidity

GIS-Based Approach Applied to Study of Seasonal Rainfall Influence over Flood Vulnerability

Flooding occurrence is one of the most common phenomena that impact urban areas, and this intensifies during heavy rainfall periods. Knowing the areas with the greatest vulnerability is of paramount importance as it allows mitigating actions to be implemented in order to minimize the generated impacts. In this context, this study aimed to use Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to identify the areas with greater flooding vulnerability in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The study was based on the following methodological steps: (1) a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) acquisition and watersheds delimitation; (2) maximum and accumulated rainfall intensity calculations for the three studied periods using meteorological data; (3) a land use and occupation map reclassification regarding flood vulnerability and fuzzy logic application; (4) an application of Euclidean distance and fuzzy logic in hydrography and water mass vector variables; (5) a flood vulnerability model generation. Based on the found results, it was observed that the metropolitan and coastal regions presented as greater flood vulnerability areas during the dry season, as in these regions, almost all of the 9.18% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable, while during rainy season, the most vulnerable areas were concentrated in Caparaó and in the coastal and immigration and metropolitan regions, as in these regions, almost all of the 12.72% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable. In general, by annually distributing the rainfall rates, a greater flood vulnerability was observed in the metropolitan and coastal and immigration regions, as in these areas, almost all of the 7.72% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable. According to the study, Espírito Santo state was mostly classified as a low (29.15%) and medium (28.06%) flood vulnerability area considering the annual period, while its metropolitan region has a very high flood vulnerability risk. Finally, GIS modeling is important to assist in decision making regarding public management and the employed methodology presents worldwide application potential

GIS-Based Approach Applied to Study of Seasonal Rainfall Influence over Flood Vulnerability

Flooding occurrence is one of the most common phenomena that impact urban areas, and this intensifies during heavy rainfall periods. Knowing the areas with the greatest vulnerability is of paramount importance as it allows mitigating actions to be implemented in order to minimize the generated impacts. In this context, this study aimed to use Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to identify the areas with greater flooding vulnerability in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The study was based on the following methodological steps: (1) a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) acquisition and watersheds delimitation; (2) maximum and accumulated rainfall intensity calculations for the three studied periods using meteorological data; (3) a land use and occupation map reclassification regarding flood vulnerability and fuzzy logic application; (4) an application of Euclidean distance and fuzzy logic in hydrography and water mass vector variables; (5) a flood vulnerability model generation. Based on the found results, it was observed that the metropolitan and coastal regions presented as greater flood vulnerability areas during the dry season, as in these regions, almost all of the 9.18% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable, while during rainy season, the most vulnerable areas were concentrated in Caparaó and in the coastal and immigration and metropolitan regions, as in these regions, almost all of the 12.72% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable. In general, by annually distributing the rainfall rates, a greater flood vulnerability was observed in the metropolitan and coastal and immigration regions, as in these areas, almost all of the 7.72% of the state’s area was classified as highly vulnerable. According to the study, Espírito Santo state was mostly classified as a low (29.15%) and medium (28.06%) flood vulnerability area considering the annual period, while its metropolitan region has a very high flood vulnerability risk. Finally, GIS modeling is important to assist in decision making regarding public management and the employed methodology presents worldwide application potential