#DIVULGAÇÃOCIENTÍFICA EM PLATAFORMA: ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO DO CANAL MANUAL DO MUNDO NO YOUTUBE E NO TIKTOK

As plataformas digitais e os aplicativos de redes sociais têm potencial transformador na sociedade contemporânea, especialmente quando se trata da disseminação de conteúdos científicos e de saúde (WELBOURNE; GRANT, 2015; RADIN; LIGHT, 2022; ZHU et al. 2020; BRIONES et al. 2012). Compreender as estratégias comunicativas de divulgação científica em plataforma, feitas por canais com credibilidade e sucesso, é caminho para que as produções responsáveis e guiadas pelo compromisso com a ciência disputem espaço e narrativas frente àquelas que apenas difundem desinformação e conteúdo falso. Assim, essa pesquisa identifica as principais diferenças entre o conteúdo produzido no YouTube e no TikTok do canal Manual do Mundo. Baseada na categorização de Zhu et al. (2020), a proposta metodológica de análise de conteúdo observa: o impacto quantificável das postagens; o tema e o tipo de conteúdo; e o formato dos vídeos. Dentre as principais semelhanças, destacam-se a escrita dos títulos, o uso de tags para facilitar a busca e de playlists para organização do feed, além do foco no conteúdo efetivamente científico ou que aborde dicas práticas para o cotidiano das pessoas. Em relação ao formato, nota-se que, no YouTube, o apresentador utiliza majoritariamente a estratégia de falar direto para a câmera para explicar determinado fenômeno, enquanto no TikTok há mais margem para o uso de pequenas cenas e diálogos de humor

Receptores e função do estrógeno no sistema reprodutor masculino

A substantial advance in our understanding on the estrogen signaling occurred in the last decade. Estrogens interact with two receptors, ESR1 and ESR2, also known as ERα and ERβ, respectively. ESR1 and ESR2 belong to the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. In addition to the well established transcriptional effects, estrogens can mediate rapid signaling, triggered within seconds or minutes. These rapid effects can be mediated by ESRs or the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER, also known as GPR30. The effects of estrogen on cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis are often mediated by growth factors. The understanding of the cross-talk between androgen, estrogen and growth factors signaling pathways is therefore essential to understand the physiopathological mechanisms of estrogen action. In this review we focused on recent discoveries about the nature of the estrogen receptors, and on the signaling and function of estrogen in the male reproductive system.Durante a última década, ocorreu um avanço substancial no conhecimento da sinalização do estrógeno. Estrógenos interagem com dois receptores, ESR1 e ESR2, também conhecidos como ERα e ERβ, respectivamente. ESR1 e ESR2 pertencem à família de receptores nucleares, que funcionam como fatores de transcrição. Além dos bem estabelecidos efeitos transcricionais, os estrógenos medeiam a sinalização rápida, desencadeada dentro de segundos ou minutos. Esses efeitos rápidos podem ser mediados por ESRs ou pelo receptor de estrógeno acoplado à proteína G, GPER, também conhecido como GPR30. Os efeitos de estrógenos sobre a proliferação celular, diferenciação e apoptose são, muitas vezes, mediados por fatores de crescimento. Portanto, a compreensão da interação entre as vias de sinalização de andrógeno, estrógeno e fatores de crescimento é essencial para entender os mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos na ação estrogênica. Nesta revisão, foram abordadas descobertas recentes sobre a estrutura dos receptores, a sinalização e a função do estrógeno no sistema reprodutor masculino.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de FarmacologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de FarmacologiaSciEL

Calcular mais cozinhar igual a arte de reaproveitar / Calculate more cooking like the art of reuse

A partir de uma aula extraclasse com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental séries finais e Ensino Médio da EEEFM "José Teixeira Fialho", do Distrito de Imburana, município de Ecoporanga-ES, numa usina de reciclagem de lixo e o processo de compostagem de alimentos, estudantes e professores observaram a quantidade de cascas, sementes e talos que são desperdiçados diariamente. Visando reaproveitar os restos de alimentos que se tornariam lixo, desenvolveu-se um projeto em que os estudantes orientados pelos professores pesquisaram algumas receitas, inserindo-as na prática cotidiana domiciliar e posteriormente feita degustação na escola para aprovação das melhores receitas. As receitas possuem baixo custo para produção, alto valor nutritivo, sendo consideradas muito saborosas. Ao final do projeto, foi confeccionado o livro de receitas com os respectivos estudantes que participaram. Diante desse contexto, foram levantadas duas hipóteses: Existe possibilidade de reduzir o desperdício de alimentos por meio do reaproveitamento de cascas, sementes e talos? Esse alimento produzido pode ser nutritivo sendo viável o seu emprego na culinária local? Com base nessas hipóteses e visando reaproveitar os restos de alimentos que se tornariam lixo, desenvolveu-se um projeto objetivando-se envolver os estudantes da EEEFM "José Teixeira Fialho" que orientados pelos professores das disciplinas de ciências da natureza e matemática pesquisassem algumas receitas, tanto na internet, quanto com a família e na comunidade, voltadas para uma alimentação saudável, o reaproveitamento e valor nutricional dos alimentos e reeducação alimentar

Crassicaudiasis in three geographically and chronologically distant Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) stranded off Brazil

The Cuvier’s beaked whale (CBW; Ziphius cavirostris) is a cosmopolitan marine mammal found in deep tropical and temperate waters of all oceans. CBW strandings have been recorded sporadically in Brazil; however, there is lack of information available regarding their causes of stranding and/or death. Herein, we report the epidemiologic, pathologic, morphologic parasitologic features and molecular identification of arterial and renal crassicaudiasis by Crassicauda sp. in three geographically and chronologically distant CBW stranded off Brazil. CBW-1 was an adult male stranded dead in Rio Grande do Sul State. CBW-2 was an adult female that stranded alive in Sergipe State and died shortly after. CBW-3 was and adult male that stranded dead in Santa Catarina State. The most relevant pathologic findings in these three CBW were severe, chronic proliferative mesenteric and caudal aortic endarteritis and chronic granulomatous and fibrosing interstitial nephritis with renicular atrophy and loss, and numerous intralesional Crassicauda sp. nematodes. Furthermore, CBW-1 had concomitant gram-negative bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary and hepatic thromboembolism. Morphologic analysis of renal adult nematodes identified Crassicauda sp. in the three CBW. Molecular analyses targeting the 18S and ITS-2 ribosomal loci of renal nematodes in CBW-2 and CBW-3 identified C. anthonyi. It is believed that severe arterial and renal crassicaudiasis likely resulted or contributed significantly to morbidity and death of these animals. These results expand the known geographical range of occurrence of crassicaudiasis in CBW. Specifically, the present study provides the first accounts of arterial and renal crassicaudiasis in CBW off the southern hemisphere, specifically in CBW off Brazil, and to the authors’ knowledge, it is the first record of C. anthonyi in the southern Atlantic Ocean

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Estrogen and Its Receptors in Efferent Ductules and Epididymis

Estrogens play key roles in the development and maintenance of male reproductive function and fertility. in this review, we briefly describe the localization and function of estrogen receptors ESR1 and ESR2 (also known as ER alpha and ER beta, respectively) and the expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER, formerly known as GPR30) in efferent ductules and epididymis. the efferent ductules present the highest levels of ESR1 and ESR2 in the male reproductive system, and represent a major target of estrogen action. in efferent ductules, ESR1 has a crucial role in the regulation of fluid reabsorption, and in the epididymis the receptor helps to maintain fluid osmolality and pH. ESR1 expression in the epididymal epithelium shows considerable variation among species, but differences in laboratory techniques may also contribute to this variation. Here we report that Esr1 mRNA and protein are higher in corpus than in other regions of the rat epididymis. the mRNA level for Gper was also higher in corpus. Although ESR1 is expressed constitutively in efferent ductules and down-regulated by estrogen, in the epididymis, both testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) may regulate its expression. T and E2 are, respectively, higher and lower in the corpus than in the initial segment/caput and cauda regions. It is important to determine the expression of GPER, ESR1, androgen receptor, and their respective cofactors in specific cell types of this tissue, as well as the intracellular signaling pathways involved in efferent ductules and epididymis. These studies will help to explain the consequences of exposures to environmental endocrine disruptors and provide potential targets for the development of a male contraceptive.Univ Illinois, Dept Comparat Biosci, Urbana, IL 61802 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sect Expt Endocrinol, Dept Pharmacol, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Morphol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sect Expt Endocrinol, Dept Pharmacol, Escola Paulista Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Association of Vitamin E with Rapid Thawing on Goat Semen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin E associated with rapid thawing on cryopreserved goat semen. Two bucks were used and eight ejaculates per animal were collected using artificial vagina. Semen was diluted with the following treatments: BIOXCELL (control), BIOXCELL + Equex (sodium lauryl sulphate) and BIOXCELL + vitamin E 100 μM. Semen was packaged into 0.25 mL straws and cooled at 5°C for 1 hour. Freezing was performed in liquid nitrogen vapor (−155°C) during 15 minutes. Then, the straws were immersed in liquid nitrogen (−196°C). Straws were thawed at 38°C/60 seconds or at 60°C/7 seconds with immediate sperm analysis. Hypoosmotic swelling test was performed adding a 20 μL aliquot of thawed semen to 1 mL of hypoosmotic solution (100 mOsm·Kg−1) followed by incubation during 60 minutes in water bath (38°C). Vitamin E did not affect any studied parameters (P>0.05). Nevertheless, defrosting rate of 60°C/7 seconds improved sperm membrane functional integrity (P<0.05). Current knowledge about goat semen cryopreservation is not sufficient to ensure high post-thawing recovery rates; thus, this study brings important data about using antioxidants and different thawing rates on cryopreservation process