46 research outputs found
VMEXT: A Visualization Tool for Mathematical Expression Trees
Mathematical expressions can be represented as a tree consisting of terminal
symbols, such as identifiers or numbers (leaf nodes), and functions or
operators (non-leaf nodes). Expression trees are an important mechanism for
storing and processing mathematical expressions as well as the most frequently
used visualization of the structure of mathematical expressions. Typically,
researchers and practitioners manually visualize expression trees using
general-purpose tools. This approach is laborious, redundant, and error-prone.
Manual visualizations represent a user's notion of what the markup of an
expression should be, but not necessarily what the actual markup is. This paper
presents VMEXT - a free and open source tool to directly visualize expression
trees from parallel MathML. VMEXT simultaneously visualizes the presentation
elements and the semantic structure of mathematical expressions to enable users
to quickly spot deficiencies in the Content MathML markup that does not affect
the presentation of the expression. Identifying such discrepancies previously
required reading the verbose and complex MathML markup. VMEXT also allows one
to visualize similar and identical elements of two expressions. Visualizing
expression similarity can support support developers in designing retrieval
approaches and enable improved interaction concepts for users of mathematical
information retrieval systems. We demonstrate VMEXT's visualizations in two
web-based applications. The first application presents the visualizations
alone. The second application shows a possible integration of the
visualizations in systems for mathematical knowledge management and
mathematical information retrieval. The application converts LaTeX input to
parallel MathML, computes basic similarity measures for mathematical
expressions, and visualizes the results using VMEXT.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, Intelligent Computer Mathematics - 10th
International Conference CICM 2017, Edinburgh, UK, July 17-21, 2017,
Proceeding
We are Who We Cite: Bridges of Influence Between Natural Language Processing and Other Academic Fields
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is poised to substantially influence the
world. However, significant progress comes hand-in-hand with substantial risks.
Addressing them requires broad engagement with various fields of study. Yet,
little empirical work examines the state of such engagement (past or current).
In this paper, we quantify the degree of influence between 23 fields of study
and NLP (on each other). We analyzed ~77k NLP papers, ~3.1m citations from NLP
papers to other papers, and ~1.8m citations from other papers to NLP papers. We
show that, unlike most fields, the cross-field engagement of NLP, measured by
our proposed Citation Field Diversity Index (CFDI), has declined from 0.58 in
1980 to 0.31 in 2022 (an all-time low). In addition, we find that NLP has grown
more insular -- citing increasingly more NLP papers and having fewer papers
that act as bridges between fields. NLP citations are dominated by computer
science; Less than 8% of NLP citations are to linguistics, and less than 3% are
to math and psychology. These findings underscore NLP's urgent need to reflect
on its engagement with various fields.Comment: Published at EMNLP 202
CPU, GPU i FPGA implementacija MALD algoritma za otkrivanje nepravilnosti na površini keramičkih pločica
This paper addresses adjustments, implementation and performance comparison of the Moving Average with Local Difference (MALD) method for ceramic tile surface defects detection. Ceramic tile production process is completely autonomous, except the final stage where human eye is required for defects detection. Recent computational platform development and advances in machine vision provides us with several options for MALD algorithm implementation. In order to exploit the shortest execution time for ceramic tile production process, the MALD method is implemented on three different platforms: CPU, GPU and FPGA, and it is implemented on each platform in at least two ways. Implementations are done in MATLAB’s MEX/C++, C++, CUDA/C++, VHDL and Assembly programming languages. Execution times are measured and compared for different algorithms and their implementations on different computational platforms.U ovom radu razmatra se prilagodba, implementacija i usporedba performansi metode pomičnog usrednjavanja s lokalnom diferencijom (MALD) s primjenom u otkrivanju površinskih nedostataka na keramičkim pločicama. Proizvodna linija keramičkih pločica je autonomna sve do zadnje faze u kojoj je potreban ljudski vid kako bi se otkrili eventualni nedostaci na keramičkim pločicama. Nedavnim razvojem računalnih platformi i razvojem metoda računalnog vida omogućena je implementacija MALD metode na nekoliko načina. U nastojanju skraćenja vremena potrebnog za proizvodnju keramičkih pločica, MALD metoda je implementirana u trima različitim platformama: CPU (central processing unit), GPU (graphic processing unit) i FPGA (field programmable gate array), te s barem dva različita algoritma. Implementacija je izvršena sa MATLAB MEX/C++, C++, CUDA/C++, VHDL te Asembler programskim jezicima. Izmjerena vremena obrade su me.usobno uspore.ena za različite algoritme i njihove implementacije na različitim računalnim platformama
HaraliCU: GPU-powered Haralick feature extraction on medical images exploiting the full dynamics of gray-scale levels
Molecular Signatures of Prostate Stem Cells Reveal Novel Signaling Pathways and Provide Insights into Prostate Cancer
BACKGROUND:The global gene expression profiles of adult and fetal murine prostate stem cells were determined to define common and unique regulators whose misexpression might play a role in the development of prostate cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A distinctive core of transcriptional regulators common to both fetal and adult primitive prostate cells was identified as well as molecules that are exclusive to each population. Elements common to fetal and adult prostate stem cells include expression profiles of Wnt, Shh and other pathways identified in stem cells of other organs, signatures of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor, and up-regulation of components of the aldehyde dehydrogenase/retinoic acid receptor axis. There is also a significant lipid metabolism signature, marked by overexpression of lipid metabolizing enzymes and the presence of the binding motif for Srebp1. The fetal stem cell population, characterized by more rapid proliferation and self-renewal, expresses regulators of the cell cycle, such as E2f, Nfy, Tead2 and Ap2, at elevated levels, while adult stem cells show a signature in which TGF-beta has a prominent role. Finally, comparison of the signatures of primitive prostate cells with previously described profiles of human prostate tumors identified stem cell molecules and pathways with deregulated expression in prostate tumors including chromatin modifiers and the oncogene, Erg. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our data indicate that adult prostate stem or progenitor cells may acquire characteristics of self-renewing primitive fetal prostate cells during oncogenesis and suggest that aberrant activation of components of prostate stem cell pathways may contribute to the development of prostate tumors
Radio- and thermosensitivity of E. coli K1060 after thiol depletion by diethylmaleate
The Escherichia coli auxotroph K1060 has been grown in a medium supplemented with either oleic acid (18 : 1) or linolenic acid (18 : 3) and its radiosensitivity and thermosensitivity established using bacterial cell survival as the assay system. No difference in radiosensitivity was observed when oleic and linolenic grown cells were exposed toγ-radiation at room temperature. When heated at 49° C linolenic grown cells were more sensitive than oleic grown cells. To investigate whether soluble -SH compounds, e.g., glutathione (GSH), were critical in protecting cells against radiation or heat, studies were performed using cells depleted of -SH by incubation with diethylmaleate (DEM). After reduction of water-soluble non-protein thiol compounds to 25% (10 mM DEM treatment) of control value, no major changes in radiosensitivity under oxic conditions were found. Radioresistance increased slightly when irradiation was performed under hypoxic conditions. Thermoresistance was clearly stimulated after DEM treatments between 1 and 10 mM DEM. The main conclusion of these experiments is that lowering the cellular level of reduced glutathione may not generally be correlated with a higher radio- and thermosensitivity
D3: A Massive Dataset of Scholarly Metadata for Analyzing the State of Computer Science Research
DBLP is the largest open-access repository of scientific articles on computer
science and provides metadata associated with publications, authors, and
venues. We retrieved more than 6 million publications from DBLP and extracted
pertinent metadata (e.g., abstracts, author affiliations, citations) from the
publication texts to create the DBLP Discovery Dataset (D3). D3 can be used to
identify trends in research activity, productivity, focus, bias, accessibility,
and impact of computer science research. We present an initial analysis focused
on the volume of computer science research (e.g., number of papers, authors,
research activity), trends in topics of interest, and citation patterns. Our
findings show that computer science is a growing research field (approx. 15%
annually), with an active and collaborative researcher community. While papers
in recent years present more bibliographical entries in comparison to previous
decades, the average number of citations has been declining. Investigating
papers' abstracts reveals that recent topic trends are clearly reflected in D3.
Finally, we list further applications of D3 and pose supplemental research
questions. The D3 dataset, our findings, and source code are publicly available
for research purposes
AI Usage Cards: Responsibly Reporting AI-generated Content
<p>Posterpräsentation im Rahmen des 2. Text+ Plenarys: Connecting People and Data am 28./29. September an der SUB Göttingen.</p>