Elevated systemic antibodies towards commensal gut microbiota in autoinflammatory condition

Article No. e3172Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Differential induction of total IgE by two Salmonella enterica serotypes

The main goal of this study was to establish how the inflammation caused by infection with two different Salmonella enterica serotypes, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, may lead to the predisposition to allergy as measured by total IgE level in the blood. Infection by S. Typhimurium did not affect the systemic IgE concentration while in S. Enteritidis-infected patients there was a significant 3.5-fold increase. This effect was especially profound in patients >4 years old, with up to the eight-fold increase above the norm. The degree of dysbiosis in these two infections measured with the comparative counts of cultivated bacteria showed an inverse relationship with the IgE concentration. Earlier we reported the elevated level of IL-17 in patients infected by S. Enteritidis. In the current study a significant correlation was found between the concentrations of IL-17 and IgE suggesting a possible role played by this cytokine in triggering the production of IgE in response to S. Enteritidis infection

DMTs and Covid-19 severity in MS: a pooled analysis from Italy and France

We evaluated the effect of DMTs on Covid-19 severity in patients with MS, with a pooled-analysis of two large cohorts from Italy and France. The association of baseline characteristics and DMTs with Covid-19 severity was assessed by multivariate ordinal-logistic models and pooled by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. 1066 patients with MS from Italy and 721 from France were included. In the multivariate model, anti-CD20 therapies were significantly associated (OR = 2.05, 95%CI = 1.39–3.02, p < 0.001) with Covid-19 severity, whereas interferon indicated a decreased risk (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.18–0.99, p = 0.047). This pooled-analysis confirms an increased risk of severe Covid-19 in patients on anti-CD20 therapies and supports the protective role of interferon

Synthesis of Carvone-Derived 1,2,3-Triazoles Study of Their Antioxidant Properties and Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin

Natural L-carvone was utilized as a starting material for an efficient synthesis of some terpenyl-derived 1,2,3-triazoles. Chlorination of carvone, followed by nucleophilic substitution with sodium azide resulted in the preparation of 10-azidocarvone. Subsequent CuAAC click reaction with propargylated derivatives provided an efficient synthetic route to a set of terpenyl-derived conjugates with increased solubility in water. All investigated compounds exhibit high antioxidant activity, which is comparable with that of vitamin C. It was also found that serum albumin and the terpenyl-1,2,3-triazoles hybrids spontaneously undergo reversible binding driven by hydrophobic interactions, suggesting that serum albumin can transport the target triazoles

Distribution of main bacterial groups in respect to colchicine treatment.

<p>Mean count±SD.</p>*<p>Counts 10⁸ cells per gram of fecal specimen.</p>**<p>The percentage relative to the total number of cells determined by Eub338.</p

Profiles of Microbial Fatty Acids in the Human Metabolome are Disease-Specific

The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a diverse and dense symbiotic microbiota, the composition of which is the result of host–microbe co-evolution and co-adaptation. This tight integration creates intense cross-talk and signaling between the host and microbiota at the cellular and metabolic levels. In many genetic or infectious diseases the balance between host and microbiota may be compromised resulting in erroneous communication. Consequently, the composition of the human metabolome, which includes the gut metabolome, may be different in health and disease states in terms of microbial products and metabolites entering systemic circulation. To test this hypothesis, we measured the level of hydroxy, branched, cyclopropyl and unsaturated fatty acids, aldehydes, and phenyl derivatives in blood of patients with a hereditary autoinflammatory disorder, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), and in patients with peptic ulceration (PU) resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection. Discriminant function analysis of a data matrix consisting of 94 cases as statistical units (37 FMF patients, 14 PU patients, and 43 healthy controls) and the concentration of 35 microbial products in the blood as statistical variables revealed a high accuracy of the proposed model (all cases were correctly classified). This suggests that the profile of microbial products and metabolites in the human metabolome is specific for a given disease and may potentially serve as a biomarker for disease

Mean numbers of predominant bacteria in fecal samples of FMF patients in both stages of the disease and healthy controls detected by FISH.

<p>Mean count±SD.</p>*<p>Counts 10⁸ cells per gram of fecal specimen.</p>**<p>The percentage relative to the total number of cells determined by Eub338.</p>†<p>p<0.05 as compared to healthy controls.</p>††<p>p<0.01 as compared to healthy controls.</p

<i>MEFV</i> genotypes of FMF patients and control subjects and gut microbiota analysis methods applied.

<p>Control subjects denoted with prefix C; FMF patients denoted with prefix FMF.</p><p>Abbreviations: S, 16S library; F, FISH analysis; SR, 16S library in FMF remission; SA, 16S library in FMF attack; FR, FISH analysis in FMF remission; FA, FISH analysis in FMF attack; HT, heterozygote; HM, homozygote.</p>*<p>N/D, not detected.</p>**<p>N/A, not analyzed.</p

Comparison of the main bacterial groups identified by FISH between healthy and diseased groups.

<p>Comparative analysis of relative proportions of bacterial groups detected by different oligonucleotide probes in fecal samples between FMF patients in remission and attack periods and healthy control group (by Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparisons). On box-and-whisker plots the points within boxes indicate the mean values of bacterial proportions, the boxes represent standard errors (SE) and the vertical bars represent standard deviations (SD).</p