Identification of an Optimized Google PageSpeed Audit-Rule-Sequence to Optimize Page Speed

World Wide Web is a collection of online resources and websites including e-commerce, social sites, educational content, etc. To find relevant online resources, people search these by using search engines by providing their desired keywords. After filtering those keywords, search engine list the most relevant websites which are more optimized and efficient in terms of loading speed. Search engine optimization is a set of techniques used to make a website optimized and relevant to those keywords, and set the rank of a website. An online resource or website will be on the top of the search result set if it has a higher rank in search engines. Page speed is one of the most important on-page search engine optimization techniques that is used to make web site efficient in load time, so the user will get the content of the websites in a minimum time. Google has set page speed as the main factor in a higher ranking in search engines. Getting higher page speed is not an easy task, as several performance matrices must be optimized to get efficient loading time. There are many audit rules which are irrelevant or have less impact on the performance score. So selection of audit rules to be optimized is one of the main decisions before starting page speed optimization work. It will waste of time to investigate audit rules for their impact on performance scores. In this paper, we have analyzed all of the audit rules and identified the most important and relevant audit rules in optimizing page speed. A tool is used to generate the best sequence of relevant audit rules based on weighted performance benefit scores in the execution of each audit rule. The same audit rule sequence is applied on five different websites and is found more than 80% improvement in performance scores by applying the first three audit rules only and above 90% performance score obtained by using the first five to seven audit rules in our proposed audit rules sequence

EVALUATING STUDENTS’ VIEWS ON THE IMPORTANCE AND USEFULESSNESS OF CEFR IN SPEAKING TEST

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is crucial for speaking tests as it provides a standardised framework to assess and gauge language proficiency accurately and consistently. This research evaluates ESL students’ awareness and perceived usefulness of the CEFR in group discussions. Data were obtained from 105 diploma students from UiTM Sarawak and UiTM Alor Gajah using an online questionnaire. The results indicate a moderate level of CEFR awareness, although opinions on its impact and role in language assessment and goal setting were varied. Respondents generally view CEFR-aligned speaking tests positively, showing a favourable perception of its usefulness. However, some have expressed concerns that these tests could be potential obstacles in their efforts to improve their language skills. The study highlighted the need for further education and training on CEFR-aligned assessments to enhance students’ comprehension and confidence in language proficiency development. It also emphasises the importance of designing assessments that help learners overcome potential barriers to improving language proficiency

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Abstract Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa L. family Zingiberaceae which possesses versatile biological activities and has hydrophobic properties. The current study was conducted to fabricate, and optimize curcumin loaded chitosan and Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanoparticles (NPs) to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. NPs were fabricated employing the Ionic gelation method. Four formulations were developed based on the selected variables like STPP and chitosan concentration, rotations per minute (rpm), temperature, and pH of chitosan solution. NPs were characterized for morphology, drug-polymer compatibility, yield, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, release behavior, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity compared to curcumin and standard drug. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows nanoparticle compatibility. The maximum yield was 60%. Entrapment efficiency ranged from 45 to 65%. Curcumin NPs and standard drug 600 µg/ml shows 59% and 70% anti-inflammatory activity by HRB membrane stabilization method respectively which are greater than curcumin alone whereas anti-arthritic activity by protein denaturation method which is also comparable to standard drug and greater than curcumin was 66 and 70% respectively. Statistical analysis shows the mean significant difference at p ≤ 0.05. The study concluded that curcumin-loaded chitosan and STPP NPs formulated successfully by the Ionic gelation method, which increased curcumin absorption leading to a reduced dosing rate and improved patient compliance

Efficacy of Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Catheter ablation (CA) has emerged as an effective therapy for AF. We conducted a meta-analysis to update the current clinical evidence on the efficacy of CA for AF in patients with HCM. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Clinicaltrials.gov for interventional and observational studies assessing single and multiple procedure success rate of CA in HCM patients. Our meta-analysis included 25 studies involving 1817 patients. Success rate following single procedure was 40.4% (95% CI 33.1 to 48.0%) at latest follow-up. The pooled success rate following multiple procedures was 51.4% (95% CI 42.9% to 60.0%) at latest follow-up. In the subgroup analysis for AF subtype, TCA was more successful for paroxysmal AF compared to non-paroxysmal AF. For the subset of studies reporting drug-free success rate, single and multiple procedures had a success rate of 33.4% (95% CI 19.3 to 49.1%) and 51.8% (95% CI 41.3 to 62.2%) at latest follow-up, respectively. CA is a suitable option for AF in patients with HCM. Success rate is greater in paroxysmal AF, after multiple procedures and with antiarrhythmic drugs

Photoperiodic Modulation in Immune and Reproductive Systems in Japanese Quails (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>): A Morphometric Perspective

The present study was designed to elucidate a relationship between lymphoid organs and reproductive activity in male Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) bred in a temperate region of Pakistan (30.3753° N, 69.3451° E) in response to photoperiodic changes. The research focused primarily on the relative morphological changes in primary (thymus and bursa of Fabricius) and secondary (spleen) lymphoid organs with respect to seasonal variations in the histomorphometry of testicular tissue. For this purpose, a comparable number of clinically healthy Japanese quails were exsanguinated during active (April–May), regressive (September–October) and inactive (January–February) reproductive phases. Following an extensive gross measurement of lymphoid and reproductive organs, a histomorphometric analysis was performed on sampled tissues by employing ImageJ® software. Blood was collected for hormonal and leukocytic analysis. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical comparison. Testes had the highest parenchymal development in the active phase (80.66 ± 21.22 µm) and the lowest in the inactive phase (27.80 ± 7.22 µm). Conversely, a percentage change was evident in the sizes of primary (bursa: 61.5%, thymus: 46.9%) and secondary (spleen: 23.9%) lymphoid organs during inactive and active reproductive phases. This study demonstrated that a physiological trade-off is imperative between immune and reproductive systems for optimum survivability and reproductive performance

Leydig and Sertoli cells are not affected by Taz deficiency.

<p>Immunohistology sections of SV129P2 wild type (A,B, G,I) and Taz^<b>Neo</b> testis tubules (B,D, H and J) showing the staining of Leydig cell marker 3<i>β</i>-HSD (Hsd3b6) (A,D), sertoli cell nucleus Wt1 (B,D). Recipient Sertoli cell non-contribution in Taz^<b>Neo</b> testis tubules (E, F): low chimera section showing wild type and defective tubules as stained with Hprt (E) and adjacent section stained for Tubb3 showing sertoli cell cytoplasm (F). Taz^<b>Neo</b> semiferous tubules showed increased cell death. Caspase-3 staining of sections of SV129P2 wild type (G) and Taz^<b>Neo</b> (H) showing the occurrence of cell death (brown nuclear staining) in Taz^<b>Neo</b> seminiferous tubules. Ki67 immunostaining of the control tubule is found restricted to dividing spermatogonia in the basal region of the tubules (I) as Taz^<b>Neo</b> tubules display positive staining through the tubule (J). Scale bar: 250<i>μ</i>m.</p

Taz^Neo ES cells don’t express spermiogenesis markers when differentiated in vitro.

<p>A: Top Panel: Scheme of the introduction of the flox stop Dazl construct at the HPRT locus before and after Cre deletion and recombination at the lox P sites (black arrow head). B: RT-PCR of Taz and various sperm differentiation markers (Prm1, Tnp2, Dmc-1, Sycp-3, Sycp-1) with cDNA extracted from HM1 parental ES clones or Taz^<b>Neo</b> ES cells before or after 19 days differentiation. C: Western blotting of wild type or Taz deficient ES cell clone protein extract with or without 19 days differentiation for Dazl, Sycp-3 or Vasa. <i>β</i>-actin is used to show equal loading.</p

Taz deficient seminiferous tubules showed increased DNA damage due to higher L1 retrotransposon activity.

<p>A, B: immunostaining of P16 nuclear spread from control (A) or Taz^<b>Neo</b> testis (B) using anti-<i>γ</i>H2ax (red) antibody. Dapi nuclear stain (blue). Scale bar 50<i>μ</i>m. C-J: Immunostaining of adult testis sections of control (C,E,G,I) and Taz^<b>Neo</b> testis (D,F,H,J) with anti-<i>γ</i>H2ax (C-F) or anti-Orf1-Line1 (G-J) antibody. White arrows: sex bodies seen on germ cells reaching Pachytene stage (E). Black arrow heads indicating typical punctuating staining of DNA damage (F). Black arrows: Orf1 Line1 nuclear staining (J). Scale bars: 250<i>μ</i>m.</p

Taz^Neo germ cell differentiation fails before reaching the Pachytene stage of meiosis I.

<p>Sycp-3 immunostaining of nuclear spread from control (left) and Taz deficient P16 spermatocytes assessing the different stages of the Meiosis I prophase I during spermatocytes differentiation (leptotene, zygotene, pachytene). Scale bars: 50<i>μ</i>m. Proportion of cells in various prophase I stages in control or Taz deficient spermatocytes (lower right panels).</p