An effective method to read out large scintillator areas with precise timing

Using scintillator tile technology several square meters of plastic scintillator are read out by only two photomultipliers with a time precision of about 1.5 nsec. Two examples are discussed to build a detector based on this technology to search for cosmic muons and neutrinos. (orig.)Contribution to conference on 'Scintillating and fiber detectors', November 2-6, 1997, Notre Dame, USASIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RA 2999(98-003) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Characterization of the Electron Source at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY Zeuthen

Abstract The Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY Zeuthen (PITZ) was built to test and optimise electron sources for Free Electron Lasers and future linear colliders. The focus is on the production of intense electron beams with minimum transverse emittance and short bunch length as required for FEL operation. The experimental set-up includes a 1.5 cell L-band gun cavity with coaxial RF coupler, a solenoid for space charge compensation, a laser capable to generate long pulse trains with variable temporal and spatial pulse shape, an UHV photo cathode exchange system, and an extensive diagnostics section. This contribution will give an overview on the facility and will mainly discuss the measurements of the electron beam transverse phase space. This will include measurements of the transverse and longitudinal laser profile, beam charge as a function of RF phase, and transverse emittance as a function of different parameters. The corresponding measurements of momentum and momentum spread as well as the RF commissioning results will be summarized. As a first application of the PITZ electron source it will be installed at the TESLA Test Facility Free Electron Laser at DESY Hamburg in autumn 2003

Comparison of Different Radiators used to Measure the Transverse Characteristics of Low Energy Electron Beams at PITZ

Abstract The Photo Injector Test facility at DESY, Zeuthen site (PITZ), has been established for developing and optimizing electron sources for linac based Free Electron Lasers (FELs). Characterizations of the beams with maximum energies of about 25 MeV are carried out at PITZ. In order to study properties of the electron beams, several diagnostic systems are applied. An important investigation is the study of transverse beam pro les at different beam conditions. Two screen types -Ce-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) powder coated and optical transition radiation (OTR) -are used as beam pro le monitors and are installed in screen stations at different locations along the beam line. Two wire scanner systems are available for the same purpose. In addition, a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond screen is installed in the screen station prior to a beam dump for testing. In this contribution a comparison of experimental results from all three screen types and the wire scanner will be presented and discussed

Fragmentation functions at ZEUS

The scaled momentum spectra of final state charged hadrons produced in Deep Inelastic Scattering in the ranges 10 < Q(2) < 1280 GeV2 and 6 . 10(-4) < x(Bjorken) < 5 . 10(-2) have been measured in the current region of the Breit frame using the ZEUS detector. The evolution with Q(2) of the scaled momentum, x(p) = 2p(Breit)/Q, has been investigated and preliminary results are presented which show evidence for scaling violations and support for the universality of quark fragmentation

D* and J/psi inelastic photoproduction at HERA

Cross sections of D* and J/Psi inelastic photoproduction were measured by the ZEUS detector at HERA collider. Comparisons of the data with calculations in NLO pQCD and SHA QCD approaches were made

Jet shapes at HERA

The shape of jets produced in quasi-real photon-proton interactions and deep inelastic positron-proton scattering (DIS) at high Q(2) (Q(2) > 100 GeV2) has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Jets with transverse energies E-T(jet) > 14 GeV and pseudorapidities (eta(jet)) in the range -1 collisions, and are similar to those in e(+)e(-) interactions

BEAM TESTS OF THE ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER

A fully compensating uranium-scintillator calorimeter was constructed for the ZEUS detector at HERA. Several of the barrel calorimeter modules were subjected to beam tests at Fermilab before shipping them to DESY for installation. The calibrations of the modules used beams of electrons and hadrons, measuring the uniformity of the response, and checking the resolution. The runs also provided opportunity to test a large fraction of the actual ZEUS calorimeter readout system in an integrated beam environment more than one year before HERA turn on. The experiment utilized two computer controlled mechanical structures. one of which was capable of holding up to four modules in order to study shower containment, and a magnetic spectrometer with a high resolution beam tracking system. During two running periods, beams of 6 to 110 GeV containing e, mu, pi, and pBAR were used. The results show energy resolutions of 35%/square-root E for hadrons and 19%/square-root E for electrons, uniformities at the 1% level, energy nonlinearity less than 1%, and equal response for electrons and hadrons

Measurement of the proton structure function F-2 and the total gamma*p cross-section at low Q(2) and low x

The ZEUS-experiment at HERA has significantly enhanced the kinematic coverage for low Q(2) and low x inelastic e(+)p --> e(+) X scattering with an upgrade of the ZEUS-detector in 1995 which extends the acceptance for small positron scattering angles. The upgrade included the modification of the beam pipe with low mass exit windows and the installation of a small electromagnetic sampling calorimeter, the Beam Pipe Calorimeter (BPC), to explore the region in Q(2) of 0.11 less than or equal to Q(2) less than or equal to 0.65 GeV2. A shift of two rear uranium calorimeter (RCAL) modules and the small rear tracking detector (SRTD) closer to the beam together with a data sample taken with a shifted event vertex extended the Q(2) coverage of the main detector down to 0.6 GeV2. Both data sets have been used to measure the proton structure function F-2 and the total virtual photonproton gamma*p cross-section. Results are presented for 0.11 less than or equal to Q(2) less than or equal to 6.10 GeV2 and 2.10(-6) less than or equal to x less than or equal to 7.10(-4) along with a comparison to various models

Measurement of dijets in DIS and comparison to NLO calculations

We report a measurement of the dijet production cross section in neutral current deep inelastic scattering with the ZEUS detector at the HERA ep collider. Dijet events are identified with the cone algorithm and the results are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The systematic uncertainties of both the measurement and the calculation we discussed

Diffractive production of charm and jets at HERA

Measurements are presented of dijet cross sections in diffractive photoproduction and of D*(+/-) production in diffractive deep inelastic scattering at HERA. A combined QCD analysis of the diffractive dijet cross sections and diffractive structure function results leads to a picture in which the pomeron has a substantial gluon component with a hard momentum spectrum