Ovarian and Adrenal Androgens and Their Link to High Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Levels: A Prospective Controlled Study

Background. Although the association between human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and hyperandrogenism was identified more than 40 years ago, relevant questions remain unanswered. Design and Methods. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, and controlled study in 23 women with a diagnosis of a complete hydatidiform mole (HM). Results. All participants completed the study. Before HM evacuation mean hCG was markedly higher in the cases than in the control group (P≤0.001). Free testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were found to be higher in the cases (2.78 ± 1.24 pg/mL and 231.50 ± 127.20 μ/dL) when compared to the control group (1.50 ± 0.75 pg/mL and 133.59 ± 60.69 μ/dL) (P=0.0001 and 0.001), respectively. There was a strong correlation between hCG and free T/total T/DHEA-S concentrations (r=0.78; P≤0.001, r=0.74;  P≤0.001, and r=0.71;  P≤0.001), respectively. In the cases group 48 hours after HM evacuation, hCG levels were found to be significantly lower when compared to initial levels (P=0.001) and free T and DHEA-S declined significantly (P=0.0002 and 0.009). Conclusion. Before uterus evacuation, hCG, free T, and DHEA-S levels were significantly higher when compared with controls finding a strong correlation between hCG and free T/DHEA-S levels. Forty-eight hours after HM treatment hCG levels declined and the difference was lost. A novel finding of our study is that in cases, besides free T, DHEA-S was also found to be significantly higher and both the ovaries and adrenal glands appear to be the sites of this androgen overproduction

Psicología: aspectos fundamentales de la formación y la profesión

El aspecto de la práctica clínica ha sido abordado primeramente por la doctora Córdoba Basulto, desde la experiencia, y de manera muy breve profundiza en el ámbito de la Psicología de la salud, rescata y enfatiza el aspecto de la atención e intervención al paciente de urología, colocándolo en la parte de sujeto y no de enfermedad. Nuevamente señalando el trabajo multidisciplinario donde cada agente contribuye con la atención. Desde una perspectiva meramente clínica y específicamente con la experiencia del psicoanálisis, Márquez, Guadarrama, López y Huitrón nos permiten observar la postura de la adolescencia en el proceso terapéutico, indicando que la mejor forma de tratar a un adolescente no es lo individual, ni lo familiar, sino lo grupal.Este libro es una compilación de aportaciones que permiten observar el estado actual de la psicología en México, permitiendo vislumbrar los retos reales que no solamente tienen los alumnos que asumir en su formación profesional, sino todos aquellos que se encuentran laborando en esta basta disciplina. En este sentido, el mundo globalizado y el empleo exagerado de la tecnología se convierten en nuevas exigencias que propician a su vez nuevas formas, no sólo de atención, sino de estudio e investigación que le permitan la comprensión del comportamiento humano. La Psicología mexicana en los últimos años ha dejado de ser dogmática para convertirse en una ciencia amplia y de visión, lo que le ha permitido incursionar en nuevos campos de conocimiento como el de la psicología de la salud o de la psicología criminal. Es decir ha dejado de ser una psicología de diagnóstico y clínica para convertirse en una ciencia que asume al individuo como un ser social, complejo o bien como algunos ya lo han señalado como un ente psicosociobiológico

Topical steroids: A non-surgical approach for recurrent macular holes

Purpose: Report a case of a recurrent macular hole which completely resolved with a non-surgical approach with steroid drops. Observations: While traction is considered the mayor contributor to full thickness macular hole formation, retinal hydration as that in cystoid macular edema also plays an important role. Conclusions and Importance: Topical corticosteroid drops can be considered as an alternative therapy for small recurrent macular holes that lack tractional components and have an appearance of cystoid changes on the edges of the hole. Keywords: Macular hole, Topical drops, Corticosteroid drops, Macular hole closur

Ovarian and Adrenal Androgens and Their Link to High Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Levels: A Prospective Controlled Study

Background. Although the association between human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and hyperandrogenism was identified more than 40 years ago, relevant questions remain unanswered. Design and Methods. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, and controlled study in 23 women with a diagnosis of a complete hydatidiform mole (HM). Results. All participants completed the study. Before HM evacuation mean hCG was markedly higher in the cases than in the control group ( ≤ 0.001). Free testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were found to be higher in the cases (2.78 ± 1.24 pg/mL and 231.50 ± 127.20 /dL) when compared to the control group (1.50 ± 0.75 pg/mL and 133.59 ± 60.69 /dL) ( = 0.0001 and 0.001), respectively. There was a strong correlation between hCG and free T/total T/DHEA-S concentrations ( = 0.78; ≤ 0.001, = 0.74; ≤ 0.001, and = 0.71; ≤ 0.001), respectively. In the cases group 48 hours after HM evacuation, hCG levels were found to be significantly lower when compared to initial levels ( = 0.001) and free T and DHEA-S declined significantly ( = 0.0002 and 0.009)