Les différentes politiques d’apport en vitamines en Europe et dans le monde (États-Unis)

Les recommandations concernant les apports en vitamines sont définies régulièrement dans les principaux pays occidentaux par des comités d’experts, selon des critères fondés d’une part sur des données scientifiques, et d’autre part sur un certain nombre d’éléments liés à la « politique » nutritionnelle et agro-alimentaire propre à chacun de ces pays. En France, ces apports recommandés ont pris le nom d’apports nutritionnels conseillés ou ANC : deux éditions de ces recommandations « pour la population française » ont vu le jour successivement en 1989 et en 1992; la prochaine devrait sortir avant la fin de cette année 2000

Recommandations sur les conditions d'amelioration des animaux de laboratoire (rats et souris).

National audienc

Etude expérimentale du développement fœtal dans la déficience en acide folique induite par antivitamines (Acide X-méthyl-folique, Méthotrexate)

International audienc

Influence of maternal alimentation on outcome of pregnancy at Constantine (Algeria)

International audienc

Proteomic analysis reveals changes in the liver protein pattern of rats exposed to dietary folate deficiency

International audienceEpidemiologic and experimental studies showed that folate deficiency is associated with increased risk of degenerative diseases by enhancing abnormal one-carbon metabolism. We studied the changes in the proteome of liver, the main tissue of folate storage and metabolism, in a rat model of dietary folate depletion. Four-month-old rats were fed for 4 wk an amino acid-defined diet without folate and compared with pair-fed rats given the same diet adequately supplemented with folic acid. Folate deprivation decreased plasma and hepatic folate concentrations dramatically, while increasing homocysteinemia significantly. Using 2-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS, we identified 9 spots corresponding to differentially expressed proteins in the liver of folate-deficient rats compared with controls. Among those spots, 4 had a significantly increased volume, whereas the volume of the 5 other spots was decreased. Upregulated proteins included glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 and peroxiredoxin 6, 2 enzymes involved in the response to oxidative stress, and MAWD binding protein (MAWDBP), which has been associated with cancer. MAWDBP was simultaneously identified as a second spot with a lower isoelectric point (pI) that vanished almost completely after folate deficiency. Decreased abundance was also observed for cofilin 1, a protein linked to tumorigenesis, and for the GRP 75 precursor and preproalbumin, both of which are responsive to oxidative stress and/or inflammation. Moreover, an enzyme activity assay and/or Western blot analysis of GPx-1 and MAWDBP confirmed the proteomic findings. Our results show that folate deficiency modifies the abundance of several liver proteins consistently with adaptive tissue responses to oxidative and degenerative processes