Quantitative Observation of Magnetic Flux Distribution in New Magnetic Films for Future High Density Recording Media

International audienceOff-axis electron holography was used to observe and quantify the magnetic microstructure of a perpendicular magnetic anisotropic (PMA) recording media. Thin foils of PMA materials exhibit an interesting up and down domain configuration. These domains are found to be very stable and were observed at the same time with their stray field, closing magnetic flux in the vacuum. The magnetic moment can thus be determined locally in a volume as small as few tens of cubic nanometers

BMJ Open

INTRODUCTION: Guidelines concerning the follow-up of subjects occupationally exposed to lung carcinogens, published in France in 2015, recommended the setting up of a trial of low-dose chest CT lung cancer screening in subjects at high risk of lung cancer. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the organisation of low-dose chest CT lung cancer screening in subjects occupationally exposed to lung carcinogens and at high risk of lung cancer. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This trial will be conducted in eight French departments by six specialised reference centres (SRCs) in occupational health. In view of the exploratory nature of this trial, it is proposed to test initially the feasibility and acceptability over the first 2 years in only two SRCs then in four other SRCs to evaluate the organisation. The target population is current or former smokers with more than 30 pack-years (who have quit smoking for less than 15 years), currently or previously exposed to International Agency for Research on Cancer group 1 lung carcinogens, and between the ages of 55 and 74 years. The trial will be conducted in the following steps: (1) identification of subjects by a screening invitation letter; (2) evaluation of occupational exposure to lung carcinogens; (3) evaluation of the lung cancer risk level and verification of eligibility; (4) screening procedure: annual chest CT scans performed by specialised centres and (5) follow-up of CT scan abnormalities. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol study has been approved by the French Committee for the Protection of Persons. The results from this study will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and reported at suitable national and international meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03562052; Pre-results

A bibliometric study of human–computer interaction research activity in the Nordic-Baltic Eight countries

Human–computer interaction (HCI) has become an important area for designers and developers worldwide, and research activities set in national cultural contexts addressing local challenges are often needed in industry and academia. This study explored HCI research in the Nordic-Baltic countries using bibliometric methods. The results show that the activity varies greatly across the region with activities dominated by Finland, Sweden, and Denmark, even when adjusting for differences in population size and GDP. Research output variations were larger for the top-tier conferences compared to entry-tier conferences and journals. Locally hosted conferences were associated with local increases in research activity. HCI research longevity appears to be an indicator of research maturity and quantity. HCI researchers typically collaborated either with colleagues within the same institution or with researchers from countries outside the Nordic-Baltic region such as US and the UK. There was less collaboration between national and Nordic-Baltic partners. Collaboration appeared especially prevalent for top-tier conference papers. Top-tier conference papers were also more frequently cited than regional-tier and entry-tier conferences, yet journal articles were cited the most. One implication of this study is that the HCI research activity gaps across the Nordic-Baltic countries should be narrowed by increasing the activity in countries with low research outputs. To achieve this, first-time authors could receive guidance through collaborations with experienced authors in the same institution or other labs around the world. More conferences could also be hosted locally. Furthermore, journals may be more effective than conferences if the goal is to accumulate citations.publishedVersio

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

In plane to out of plane magnetic reorientation transition in partially ordered FePd thin films

It is demonstrated that perpendicular magnetic anisotropy may be obtained with a room temperature growth process in ordered (FePd) alloys. Indeed, using atomic layer by atomic layer epitaxy, a partial chemical ordering into the L10 structure is obtained, with a corresponding intermediate perpendicular anisotropy (Ku/2 ΠM2b∼0.4). These samples provide an appropriate template for the study of the magnetic reorientation from in plane to out of plane magnetization upon layer's thickness increase. VSM, transverse Kerr measurements and magnetic force microscopy have been used in order to determine the relevant magnetic parameters and the occurrence of the reorientation transition

Prescription d’un arrêt de travail en médecine d’urgence

International audienceThe prescription of a paid sick leave (PSL) is a medical act which concerns employees suffering from an illness (we are then talking about sick leave) or following an accident (of occupational origin or not). The goal is to allow the employee to stop working when it is incompatible with his state of health while maintaining his financial income. Emergency workers are normally only required to perform initial PSL; they are not concerned if the patient is hospitalized or operated on. The PSL must be prescribed at its proper duration according to the illness or injury, and the characteristics of the work: long enough for the employee’s state of health to be compatible with the return to work; but without excess since the money paid to the employee appeals to national solidarity through health insurance. In the absence of any complication, the prescribed period must allow the employee to return to work without additional visits to his/her treating physician. The estimation of the optimal duration of a PSL must be based on the pathology in question, on its symptomatic expression more or less severe, in the patient’s comorbidities, and on the physical constraints related to his professional practice. Two sheets developed with health insurance are presented to guide the emergency physician in the choice of duration, one for frequent medical emergencies, the other for non-surgical trauma emergencies.La prescription d’un arrêt de travail (AT) est un acte médical qui concerne les salariés atteints d’une maladie (on parle alors d’arrêt-maladie) ou à la suite d’un accident (d’origine professionnelle ou non). Il s’agit de permettre au salarié de cesser son travail quand celui-ci est incompatible avec son état de santé, tout en lui maintenant des revenus financiers. Les urgentistes ne sont normalement amenés à effectuer que des AT initiaux ; ils ne sont pas concernés si le patient est hospitalisé ou opéré. L’AT doit être prescrit à sa juste durée en fonction de la maladie ou des lésions, et des caractéristiques du travail : suffisamment long pour que l’état de santé du salarié soit compatible avec la reprise du travail ; mais sans excès puisque l’argent qui est versé au salarié fait appel à la solidarité nationale par le biais de l’assurance maladie. En l’absence de complication, la durée prescrite doit permettre au salarié de revenir au travail sans visite supplémentaire chez son médecin traitant. L’estimation de la durée optimale d’un AT doit reposer sur la pathologie en cause, sur son expression symptomatique plus ou moins sévère, sur le terrain du patient, et sur les contraintes physiques liées à sa pratique professionnelle. Deux fiches élaborées avec l’assurance maladie sont présentées pour guider l’urgentiste dans le choix de la durée, l’une pour des urgences médicales fréquentes, l’autre pour des urgences traumatologiques non chirurgicales

High resolution measurement and modelling of magnetic domain structures in epitaxial FePd (001) L1(0) films with perpendicular magnetisation

Magnetic domain structures in two 50 nm thick chemically- ordered FePd (001) epitaxial films with different perpendicular anisotropies have been studied using Lorentz microscopy. Domain and domain wall structures vary significantly according to the magnitude of the anisotropy. For lower anisotropy films, a stripe domain structure with a period of approximate to 100 nm is formed in which there is a near-continuous variation in orientation of the magnetisation vector. By contrast, in the film with higher anisotropy, a maze-like domain structure is supported. The magnetisation within domains is perpendicular to the film plane and adjacent domains are separated by narrow walls, less than 20 nm wide. Micromagnetic modelling is generally in good quantitative agreement with experimental observations and provides additional information on the domain wall structure