Papillary muscle and left ventricular trabecular calcification in rheumatic mitral stenosis

Calcification of mitral valve apparatus in rheumatic pathology is not uncommon but isolated papillary muscle calcification and surrounding trabeculation is very rarely seen. Here valve leaflets and annulus are not calcified. This signifies the involvement of other factors in initiation of calcification other than rheumatic scarring. It may be chronic ventriculopathy that leads to trabecular calcification which involves papillary muscle and may later involve annulus. Clinical significance is that in high risk cases balloon mitral valvuotomy can be given a chance rather than replacement of valve as annulus and leaflets are pliable

New Classifier Design for Static Security Evaluation Using Artificial In-telligence Techniques

This paper proposes evaluation and classification classifier for static security evaluation (SSE) and classifica-tion. Data are generated on (30, 57, 118 and 300) bus IEEE test systems used to design the classifiers. The implementation decision tree methods on several IEEE test systems involved appropriateness SSE and classi-fication by using four algorithms of DT’s. Empirically, with the present of FSA, the implementation results indicate that these classifiers have the capability for system security evaluation and classification. Lastly, FSA is efficient and effective approach for real-time evaluation and classification classifier design

Inclusive Education in India: Issues, Challenges and Prospects

Inclusive education is a process of strengthening the capacity of the education system to reach out all learners. It involves restructuring the culture, policies and practices in schools so that they can respond to the diversity of students in concerned region. It is one of the most effective ways by which we can promote an inclusive and tolerant society. Inclusive education is a strategy of making education universalized irrespective of any disability within the learner and to maintain equity in the society. It accentuates that children with special needs can be included in holistic platform without any kind of isolation. Avoiding the option of segregation and making them confined within the boundaries of special schools, experts of inclusive education are advocating an inclusion of children with special needs in to the common schools. We only then can claim the provision of equal opportunity particularly in education.  However, for achieving success in inclusive education in India we are facing several obstacles and challenges. Many problems such as, lack of positive attitude among teachers, non-inclusive curriculum, lack of resources, infrastructural problems, unawareness among parents, irregular plans, improper execution of policies are creating hurdles for extending the concept of inclusive education in India. In paper an attempt has been made to put focus on issues, challenges, and prospects regarding inclusive education. Keywords: Inclusion, Education, Inclusive Education, Issues, perspective

Islamic Finance: A Synthesis

ABSTRACT Islamic finance has the same purpose as conventional finance except that it operates in accordance with the rules of Shariah (the Islamic law), known as fiqh al mu'amalat (Islamic law of contract). Not all means of conventional financing are Shariah compliant, or at least there are some restrictions, especially in the debt mode of financing. Shariah compliant financial instruments are those that do not contravene Islamic prohibitions and ensure that the financial contracts would not contain Riba and Gharar (explicated further), which are forbidden in Islam in business transactions. In Islam, money is not looked at as a commodity that commands a price. Money does not reproduce and give birth to money. Economic activity such as production and trading produces the money. Money is a medium of exchange and a means of measuring the efficiency of a business through the use of 'rate of return' on investment. Moreover, risk taking on permissible activities is praised in Islam; in fact it is considered a prerequisite for profits and enrichment. However, being involved in gambling-like activities, which create pure risk for the sake of risk, is prohibited and renders the contract to be null and void. According to the Qur'an (sacred text of Islam) and Sunnah (Prophet Muhammad's PBUH sayings and actions), maximizing profits and risk management is encouraged in Islam in legal permissible ways. Several classical jurisprudential methodologies have been employed to create financial instruments, which concur with the spirit of Islam and encounter consumers' need. Absence of adequate understanding of fiqh al mu'amalat, imitative approach, and the tendency to apply a rigid 'textualist' framework on finance is countered by the growing significance of the global integrated financial market. This dissertation examines the rationale of Islamic finance, presenting basic theoretical understanding of the concepts of Riba and Gharar and an economic argument for their prohibition. Basic Islamic financial instruments are explored in view of modern finance, highlighting different scholars' opinions. Finally, the issues and challenges facing Islamic banking in a hyper-competitive environment are addressed

Renal Cell Carcinoma with IVC Thrombus Extending up to Right Atrium and Triple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease - One-stage uro-cardiac Procedure: A case Report

Introduction: The aim of this report is to prove the possibility of simultaneous difficult cardiac and urologic operation. Important point to make in our report concerns the fact that the oncologic treatment was not delayed despite severe heart disease. There is also an advantage in avoiding second operation and hence anesthesiaCase Presentation: A 72 year old male presented to us with right renal mass lesion with tumour thrombus extending up to right atrium. He had undergone Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty 5 years ago and had two coronary stents in situ. Coronary angiography revealed triple vessel coronary re obstruction. After proper planning he underwent right radical nephrectomy with tumour thombectomy along with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in the same sitting.Conclusion: One-stage cardiac and uro-oncologic operation can be a safe and beneficial procedure, if performed in selected patients

Partial Discharge Characterization based on Leakage Current Pulses Waveform for Contaminated Glass Insulator String

This paper deals with the analysis of partial discharge (PD) occurrences based on leakage current (LC) pulses distribution under different level of contamination. In this work, laboratory based contamination performance tests are conducted on four units of glass insulator string stacked in I-position. Results show that PD can be characterized (according to their occurrence with respect to the AC supply) as follows: corona discharge occurring dominantly in lightly contaminated insulators, surface discharge occurring dominantly in medium contaminated insulators and finally internal discharge occurring dominantly in heavily contaminated insulators. The ability to distinguish the type of PDs from the LC waveform could be used to monitor and predict the condition of the insulator. The outcome can be incorporated in a conditioning monitoring system

CLINICAL PROFILE AND THE OUTCOME OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE

Objective: In the present study, we are reporting the clinical profile; and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancy at tertiary care hospitals. Methods: Data from laboratory-confirmed 40 COVID-19 patients diagnosed between January 1, 2021 and July 31, 2021, were analyzed retrospectively. All COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancy (n=40) were included in the study. Results: In the present study, a total of 40 patients were included. Of 40, 25 (62.5%) were males, and 15 (37.5%) were females. The median age in this study was 43 years (Range, 8–70). Of these 40 patients, acute myeloid leukemia was the most common malignancy 11 (27.5%), followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia 9 (22.5%) than non-Hodgkin lymphoma 5 (12.5%), plasma cell dyscrasia 4 (10%), chronic myeloid leukemia 4 (10%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia 3 (7.5%), acute promyelocytic leukemia 2 (5%), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia 2 (5%). Mean hemoglobin was (8.04 g/dl), white blood cell count was (10.14×109/l), platelet count was (77.7×109/l) creatinine was (0.86 mg/dl), bilirubin was (1.24 mg/dl). The overall case-fatality rate was 8 (22.5%). Conclusion: Patients with hematological malignancy are immunocompromised, and our study reveals that there is an increased case fatality rate among these patients. Hence, physicians should be aggressive in the management of COVID‐19 patients with hematological malignancy

Bone marrow aspiration in haematological disorders: study at a tertiary care centre

Background: The bone marrow examination is an essential investigation for the diagnosis and management of many disorders of the blood and bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) alone is usually sufficient to diagnose nutritional anaemias, and most of the acute leukaemias. Aim was to study the spectrum of haematological disorders diagnosed on bone marrow aspiration.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Haematology in Sher e Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir for a period of 2 years from December 2015 to December 2017. Bone marrow examination of 2131 cases of suspected hematological disorders was carried out. Bone marrow was aspirated from posterior superior iliac spine under local anaesthesia. Aspirates of dry tap were excluded from the study. Aspiration smears where stained with Leishmann stain for morphological examination.Results: A total of 2131 cases were included in this study. Male to female ratio in our study was 1.9:1. The age range of cases was from 1-80 years and the mean age was 47.3 years. Anemia was the most common haematological disorder in our study accounting for 25.6% of cases followed by acute leukaemia accounting for 22.3% and multiple myeloma (13.3%). Among anemias, megaloblastic anemia was most common followed by dual deficieny anemia. Among leukaemias, acute myeloid leukaemia (13.2%) was more common than acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (9.1%).Conclusions: Bone marrow aspiration cytology is a mildly invasive technique which can diagnose many hematological and non-hematologic diseases that can be confirmed by more advanced investigations viz. serological, biochemical or molecular. It is a highly informative test procedure performed for evaluating blood and blood related diseases in our environment

Identification of Acoustic Signals of Internal Electric Discharges on Glass Insulator under Variable Applied Voltage

A Partial Discharge (PD) is an unwanted phenomenon in electrical equipment. Therefore it is of great importance to identify different types of PD and assess their severity. This paper investigates the acoustic emissions associated with Internal Discharge (ID) from different types of sources in the time-domain. An experimental setup was arranged in the high voltage laboratory, a chamber with an electrode configuration attached to it was connected to a high voltage transformer for generating various types of PD. A laboratory experiment was done by making the models of these discharges. The test equipment including antennas as a means of detection and digital processing techniques for signal analysis were used. Wavelet signal processing was used to recover the internal discharge acoustic signal by eliminating the noises of many natures