818 research outputs found
Paramagnetic Meissner effect in ZrB12 single crystal with non-monotonic vortex-vortex interactions
The magnetic response related to paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME) is
studied in a high quality single crystal ZrB12 with non-monotonic vortex-vortex
interactions. We observe the expulsion and penetration of magnetic flux in the
form of vortex clusters with increasing temperature. A vortex phase diagram is
constructed which shows that the PME can be explained by considering the
interplay among the flux compression, the different temperature dependencies of
the vortex-vortex and the vortex-pin interactions, and thermal fluctuations.
Such a scenario is in good agreement with the results of the magnetic
relaxation measurements.Comment: accepted by New Journal of Physic
Application of boundary detection information in breast tomosynthesis reconstruction
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135006/1/mp1968.pd
Bilateral analysis based false positive reduction for computerĆ¢ aided mass detection
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134848/1/mp6612.pd
Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in nasopharyngeal carcinoma impairs the cytolytic function of peripheral blood lymphocytes
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells and infiltrating lymphocytes are frequently found in tumor tissues in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Most patients with NPC, however, especially those with advanced stages, have a poor clinical prognosis despite conventional immunotherapy. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an immunosuppressive enzyme, on the lymphocyte function in NPC.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The NPC cell line CNE2 was treated by interferon-Ī³ (IFNĪ³) and the levels of IDO expression was analyzed by Western blotting and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lymphocytes from health human exposed to the milieu created by IDO-positive CNE2 cells and the lymphocyte cytotoxicity to target tumor cells was analyzed by standard lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Additionally, expression of IDO was determined by Immunohistochemical assay in the tumor tissues form clinically evaluated NPC.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>IDO expression was acutely induced in the NPC cell line CNE2 by low dose interferon-Ī³ (IFNĪ³) or by co-incubation with activated lymphocytes. Exposure to the milieu created by IDO-positive CNE2 cells did not promote lymphocyte death, but lymphocyte cytotoxicity against target tumor cells was impaired. The suppression of lymphocyte cytotoxic function was fully restored when the conditioned medium was replaced by fresh medium for 24 h. In additionally, the IDO-positive cells were found scattered in the tumor tissues from patients with NPC.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Altogether, these findings suggest that IDO-mediated immunosuppression may be involved in the tumor immune evasion, and that blocking IDO activity in tumor cells may help to re-establish an effective anti-tumor T cell response in NPC.</p
Characterization of mammographic masses based on level set segmentation with new image features and patient information
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134904/1/mp0630.pd
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