REVIEW ON ENHANCEMENT OF GLUCOSE UPTAKE AND UP-REGULATION OF GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS BY ANTIDIABETIC MEDICINAL PLANTS

ABSTRACTGlucose is a key fuel in mammalian cells that import by a process of facilitative diffusion mediated by glucose transporters (GLUT). A defect in GLUTexpression for prolong time leads to diabetes mellitus. Medicinal plants used in traditional treatments confirm a possibility of tackling diabetes byregulating the GLUT activity in the body, with lesser side effects. Resistant of tissues to insulin is a major manifestation in type 2, and the cause can belocalized in defect of glucose that can be reverse by medicinal plants. In vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies of plant extracts and its active compoundssupport for their multiple target mechanisms. Many medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine enhancing the translocation of GLUT and thiscould lead to a new approach for treating type 2 diabetes.Keywords: Diabetes, Glucose transporters, Mechanism of glucose transporter, Glucose transporters 4, Medicinal plants.Â

Simple Substitution Distance and Metamorphic Detection

To evade signature-based detection, metamorphic viruses transform their code before infecting a new system. Software similarity measures are potentially useful as a means of detecting metamorphic malware. We can compare a given file to a known sample of malware and compute their similarity—if they are sufficiently similar, we classify the file as malware of the same family. The goal of this project is to analyze an opcode-based software similarity measure inspired by simple substitution cipher cryptanalysis

A Comparison of CP-OFDM, PCC-OFDM and UFMC for 5G Uplink Communications

Polynomial-cancellation-coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PCC-OFDM) is a form of OFDM that has waveforms which are very well localized in both the time and frequency domains and so it is ideally suited for use in the 5G network. This paper analyzes the performance of PCC-OFDM in the uplink of a multiuser system using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and compares it with conventional cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), and universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC). PCC-OFDM is shown to be much less sensitive than either CP-OFDM or UFMC to time and frequency offsets. For a given constellation size, PCC-OFDM in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) requires 3dB lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a given bit-error-rate, and the SNR advantage of PCC-OFDM increases rapidly when there are timing and/or frequency offsets. For PCC-OFDM no frequency guard band is required between different OFDMA users. PCC-OFDM is completely compatible with CP-OFDM and adds negligible complexity and latency, as it uses a simple mapping of data onto pairs of subcarriers at the transmitter, and a simple weighting-and-adding of pairs of subcarriers at the receiver. The weighting and adding step, which has been omitted in some of the literature, is shown to contribute substantially to the SNR advantage of PCC-OFDM. A disadvantage of PCC-OFDM (without overlapping) is the potential reduction in spectral efficiency because subcarriers are modulated in pairs, but this reduction is more than regained because no guard band or cyclic prefix is required and because, for a given channel, larger constellations can be used