Les urnes carénées de l'Age du Bronze Ouest-Pyrénéen français. Problèmes chronologiques.

Descubrimientos recientes permiten mejorar el conocimiento de un tipo de cerámica característica de la Edad de Bronce en el Pirineo occidental : las urnas carenadas. Sin embargo, permanecen problemas cronológicos. El nuevo examen de los datos procedentes de excavaciones antiguas conduce a la revisión de la cronología "clásica", admitida hasta los años 60. Hoy el C14 conduce a atribuir estas urnas carenadas al Bronce Antiguo y Medio

Roquelaure – La Sioutat

En 2015, une fouille annuelle a permis de compléter l’étude architecturale des deux bâtiments antiques révélés depuis 2007 sur le versant sud du plateau de La Sioutat, de terminer la fouille des vestiges de cette période à l’échelle de l’emprise et de finaliser le phasage en prenant en compte les dernières étapes d’occupation antérieures. La fouille a révélé depuis 2007 deux bâtiments d’époque augustéenne. Nous disposons du plan pratiquement complet de l’édifice le plus ancien, à l’exception ..

Roquelaure – La Sioutat

Lien Atlas (MCC) :http://atlas.patrimoines.culture.fr/atlas/trunk/index.php?ap_theme=DOM_2.01.02&ap_bbox=0.554;43.696;0.628;43.751 La fouille de l’oppidum de La Sioutat révèle depuis 2008 un potentiel archéologique remarquable. La documentation réunie à ce jour en fait un site régional de référence dans un secteur géographique, la Gascogne, jusque-là très en retard dans ce domaine. Au-delà, les recherches en cours contribuent à enrichir la réflexion générale sur le processus d’urbanisation de..

Les fortifications protohistoriques dans le sud-ouest de la France

Figure 1 – Carte de répartition des fortifications protohistoriques entre Garonne et Pyrénées (en blanc : sites de hauteur) 1. La Téoulère (Brocas-les-Forges), 2. Estey du Large (Sanguinet), 3. Pendelle (Biscarosse), 4. Castet (Bougue), 5. Mont-de-Marsan, 6. Castéra (Aire/Adour), 7. Thun (Larrivière), 8. Morlanne (Saint-Sever), 9. Nerbis, 10. Castra (Gamarde), 11. Castra d’Arles (Narrosse), 12. Bignès (Tercis), 13. Patrille (Montsoué), 14. Mus (Doazit), 15. Gastelu (Lecumberry..

Le Toulousain et ses marges : recherches récentes sur les habitats (VIe-IIIe s. av. J.‑C.)

L’habitat rural du premier âge du Fer et de la transition avec le deuxième souffre d’un évident déficit de recherches en Midi-Pyrénées. Les données disponibles permettent tout de même de dresser un premier bilan, en utilisant les informations issues de l’ensemble des sites d’occupation. À partir du VIe s. au moins, on distingue des habitats de hauteur et de plaine qui témoignent tous deux d’une implication dans l’économie agricole (stockage et traitement des céréales) mais dont les premiers semblent exercer une tutelle sur les seconds.Information on rural settlements of the First Iron Age in Midi-Pyrénées are not numerous. On overall assessment can still be done, gathering the few sites known. Since the 6th c. BC, at least, uphill settlements and plains ones are distinguished, being a testimony of agricultural activities (cereals), the former prevailing over the later

Le Toulousain et ses marges : recherches récentes sur les habitats (VIe-IIIe s. av. J.‑C.)

L’habitat rural du premier âge du Fer et de la transition avec le deuxième souffre d’un évident déficit de recherches en Midi-Pyrénées. Les données disponibles permettent tout de même de dresser un premier bilan, en utilisant les informations issues de l’ensemble des sites d’occupation. À partir du VIe s. au moins, on distingue des habitats de hauteur et de plaine qui témoignent tous deux d’une implication dans l’économie agricole (stockage et traitement des céréales) mais dont les premiers semblent exercer une tutelle sur les seconds.Information on rural settlements of the First Iron Age in Midi-Pyrénées are not numerous. On overall assessment can still be done, gathering the few sites known. Since the 6th c. BC, at least, uphill settlements and plains ones are distinguished, being a testimony of agricultural activities (cereals), the former prevailing over the later

Phenetic and genetic structure of tsetse fly populations (Glossina palpalis palpalis) in southern Ivory Coast

Background: Sleeping sickness, transmitted by G. p. palpalis, is known to be present in the Ivory Coast. G. p. palpalis has recently been reported to occur in several places within the town of Abidjan, including: (i) the Banco forest, (ii) the Abobo Adjame University campus and (iii) the zoological park. Could these three places be treated sequentially, as separate tsetse populations, or should they be taken as one area comprising a single, panmictic population? Methods: The amount of gene flow between these places provides strategic information for vector control. It was estimated by the use of both microsatellite DNA and morphometric markers. The idea was to assess the interest of the faster and much less expensive morphometric approach in providing relevant information about population structure. Thus, to detect possible lack of insect exchange between these neighbouring areas of Abidjan, we used both genetic (microsatellite DNA) and phenetic (geometric morphometrics) markers on the same specimens. Using these same markers, we also compared these samples with specimens from a more distant area of south Ivory Coast, the region of Aniassue (186 km north from Abidjan). Results: Neither genetic nor phenetic markers detected significant differentiation between the three Abidjan G. p. palpalis samples. Thus, the null hypothesis of a single panmictic population within the city of Abidjan could not be rejected, suggesting the control strategy should not consider them separately. The markers were also in agreement when comparing G. p. palpalis from Abidjan with those of Aniassue, showing significant divergence between the two sites. Conclusions: Both markers suggested that a successful control of tsetse in Abidjan would require the three Abidjan sites to be considered together, either by deploying control measures simultaneously in all three sites, or by a continuous progression of interventions following for instance the "rolling carpet" principle. To compare the geometry of wing venation of tsetse flies is a cheap and fast technique. Agreement with the microsatellite approach highlights its potential for rapid assessment of population structure

Estimation of conditional laws given an extreme component

Let $(X,Y)$ be a bivariate random vector. The estimation of a probability of the form $P(Y\leq y \mid X >t)$ is challenging when $t$ is large, and a fruitful approach consists in studying, if it exists, the limiting conditional distribution of the random vector $(X,Y)$, suitably normalized, given that $X$ is large. There already exists a wide literature on bivariate models for which this limiting distribution exists. In this paper, a statistical analysis of this problem is done. Estimators of the limiting distribution (which is assumed to exist) and the normalizing functions are provided, as well as an estimator of the conditional quantile function when the conditioning event is extreme. Consistency of the estimators is proved and a functional central limit theorem for the estimator of the limiting distribution is obtained. The small sample behavior of the estimator of the conditional quantile function is illustrated through simulations.Comment: 32 pages, 5 figur

R ES EA R CH Open Access Phenetic and genetic structure of tsetse fly populations (Glossina palpalis palpalis) in southern Ivory Coast

Abstract Background: Sleeping sickness, transmitted by G. p. palpalis, is known to be present in the Ivory Coast. G. p. palpalis has recently been reported to occur in several places within the town of Abidjan, including: (i) the Banco forest, (ii) the Abobo Adjamé University campus and (iii) the zoological park. Could these three places be treated sequentially, as separate tsetse populations, or should they be taken as one area comprising a single, panmictic population? Methods: The amount of gene flow between these places provides strategic information for vector control. It was estimated by the use of both microsatellite DNA and morphometric markers. The idea was to assess the interest of the faster and much less expensive morphometric approach in providing relevant information about population structure. Thus, to detect possible lack of insect exchange between these neighbouring areas of Abidjan, we used both genetic (microsatellite DNA) and phenetic (geometric morphometrics) markers on the same specimens. Using these same markers, we also compared these samples with specimens from a more distant area of south Ivory Coast, the region of Aniassué (186 km north from Abidjan). Results: Neither genetic nor phenetic markers detected significant differentiation between the three Abidjan G. p. palpalis samples. Thus, the null hypothesis of a single panmictic population within the city of Abidjan could not be rejected, suggesting the control strategy should not consider them separately. The markers were also in agreement when comparing G. p. palpalis from Abidjan with those of Aniassué, showing significant divergence between the two sites. Conclusions: Both markers suggested that a successful control of tsetse in Abidjan would require the three Abidjan sites to be considered together, either by deploying control measures simultaneously in all three sites, or by a continuous progression of interventions following for instance the "rolling carpet" principle. To compare the geometry of wing venation of tsetse flies is a cheap and fast technique. Agreement with the microsatellite approach highlights its potential for rapid assessment of population structure

The Population Structure of Glossina palpalis gambiensis from Island and Continental Locations in Coastal Guinea

Guinea is the country with the highest prevalence of sleeping sickness in West Africa, and we undertook a population genetics analysis there of the most dangerous tsetse fly species of West Africa, Glossina palpalis gambiensis. Our aims were to estimate effective population size and the degree of isolation between coastal sites on the mainland of Guinea (including Dubréka, a highly prevalent sleeping sickness focus) and Loos Islands in order to get the most possible accurate vision of feasibility and sustainability of anti-tsetse strategies of these sites. We found very low migration rates of tsetse between sites except between those situated in the Dubréka area, which seems to contain a widely distributed panmictic tsetse population (i.e. a population where mating occurs at random). Effective population sizes on Loos islands estimated with various techniques all converged to surprisingly small values. These values might be explained by a recent decrease in tsetse numbers on Kassa Island due to bauxite mining activities. But on the other sites, other explanations have to be found, including possible variance in reproductive success. Our genetic results suggest that different control strategies should be advised on the mainland (reduction in tsetse densities, no elimination) compared to the islands (total elimination feasible). This approach could be extended to many areas where vector control of Human and Animal Trypanosomoses is contemplated