How long is Simon’s long run? : a first approach

Julian Simon has stated, in many of his recent publications, that population growth, although reducing income per capita in the short run through capital dilution, increases the rate of growth of that same income per capita in the long run (steady state) through technical progress brought about by the increased rates of invention and innovation caused by a bigger population. This paper intends to measure empirically the length of time needed to achieve that steady state, through the experience of three industrialised countries, by means of a time-series analysis based on the models presented by Simon in his most recent work (1986).population; development; growth

Maleiwa: A Story of Creation

The piece uses primary colors to illustrate the beginning of everything. These colors are a metaphor for creation. The blues represent the water; the living energy that allow us to life. Red represents fire and the creation of life. The brown the earth that provide us with everything humans need. The spiral motif represents air: the last element in the recipe for the creation of the humans. I chose to make the painting abstract creating an intentional movement throughout the painting that expresses a feeling of chaos

Equality of Opportunity in Education: A Case Study of Chile and Norway

Abstract. One of the most important determinants of the distribution of income and life opportunities is education. Increasing levels of formal schooling have contributed to raise standards of living and eradicate extreme poverty worldwide in recent decades. However, inequality in the distribution of income –which is the single most important indicator of relative access to material well-being- remains stubbornly high in most regions of the world. In this paper, I focus on two countries, Chile and Norway, which have very different educational systems, and follow the same analytical methodology of Schütz et al (2008) to detect differences in equality of opportunity between the two countries. In a slight variation, the family-background effect here is represented by a larger number of variables –including household income-, in order to pinpoint the specific characteristics that it comprises in each country. Surprisingly, I find that the family-background effect is stronger in Norway than in Chile, which would denote a potential higher inequality. However the higher achievement inequality in Chile is determined by other factors, which need urgent reform.Keywords. Chile, Norway, education, inequality, equality of opportunity.JEL. O15, I24, I25

AS INTERVENÇÕES ESTADUNIDENSES NO AFEGANISTÃO E NO IRAQUE NA VISÃO DA VEJA E DA CARTA CAPITAL NO PERÍODO DE 2001 E 2003.

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Curso de História.Nosso trabalho propõe uma analise das intervenções estadunidenses no Afeganistão e no Iraque nas visões das revistas Veja e da Carta Capital. Primeiramente, faremos uma breve contextualização do Oriente Médio e da formação do mundo muçulmano, além de uma discussão bibliográfica sobre especialistas da área. Em seguida, procuramos discutir sobre a revista como objeto de análise historiográfica, seu surgimento no Brasil e por fim uma avaliação sobre os posicionamentos das duas revistas nas intervenções do Afeganistão e Iraque. As principais conclusões foram que a Veja, de maneira geral, contribuiu para a difusão de uma versão que legitimou as ações estadunidenses por meio de expressões e eufemismos, colaborando para a propagação de estereótipos que julgamos insuficientes e inadequados para explicar o cenário do Oriente Médio. A revista justifica as intervenções com percepções que consideram a região atrasada e conturbada. Em oposição, a Carta Capital, mostrou-se bastante distinta, questionando as ações estadunidenses na região e apresentando argumentos que ligam a ação da superpotência com interesses políticos e econômicos na região

ALMA observations of gas and dust towards embedded protostellar envelopes in Serpens South

Protostellar sources are characterized by continuum emission, as well as molecular emission tracing the gaseous envelope. The morphology and kinematics of the envelope are useful to study physical characteristics of protostellar candidates and their evolution, revealing aspects of the still unknown process of star formation. Our aim is to study protostars within the very young, active, and relatively nearby Serpens South cluster by analyzing their dense C18O envelopes/disks, enhancing the continuum source census of Plunkett et al. (2018). Most of these sources lie within a predominant filamentary structure. 67 protostellar candidates have been identified as continuum and/or IR sources, and the C18O data have been imaged by combining ALMA 12m-array, 7m-array, and single dish observations. The C18O spectra were organized in different groups according to their spectral shape and intensity. Also, given the fact that this region is embedded in a filamentary structure, we have made attempts to identify the level of line emission contribution that is most probably due to the filament instead of the source candidate itself. Finally, ongoing work will investigate possible trends associated to mass distribution among the filament, relations between source class, mass and C18O intensity, and different kinematic models to fit the envelopes´ motions.Fil: Garces, Juan. Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María; ChileFil: Plunkett, Adele. National Radio Astronomy Observatory; Estados UnidosFil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Arce, Héctor. University of Yale; Estados Unidos237th meeting of the American Astronomical SocietyEstados UnidosAmerica Astronomical Societ

Equality of Opportunity in Education: A Case Study of Chile and Norway

One of the most important determinants of the distribution of income and life opportunities is education. Increasing levels of formal schooling have contributed to raise standards of living and eradicate extreme poverty worldwide in recent decades. However, inequality in the distribution of income –which is the single most important indicator of relative access to material well-being- remains stubbornly high in most regions of the world. In this paper, I focus on two countries, Chile and Norway, which have very different educational systems, and follow the same analytical methodology of Schütz et al (2008) to detect differences in equality of opportunity between the two countries. In a slight variation, the family-background effect here is represented by a larger number of variables –including household income-, in order to pinpoint the specific characteristics that it comprises in each country. Surprisingly, I find that the family-background effect is stronger in Norway than in Chile, which would denote a potential higher inequality. However the higher achievement inequality in Chile is determined by other factors, which need urgent reform

How long is Simon’s long run? : a first approach

Julian Simon has stated, in many of his recent publications, that population growth, although reducing income per capita in the short run through capital dilution, increases the rate of growth of that same income per capita in the long run (steady state) through technical progress brought about by the increased rates of invention and innovation caused by a bigger population. This paper intends to measure empirically the length of time needed to achieve that steady state, through the experience of three industrialised countries, by means of a time-series analysis based on the models presented by Simon in his most recent work (1986)

How long is Simon’s long run? : a first approach

Julian Simon has stated, in many of his recent publications, that population growth, although reducing income per capita in the short run through capital dilution, increases the rate of growth of that same income per capita in the long run (steady state) through technical progress brought about by the increased rates of invention and innovation caused by a bigger population. This paper intends to measure empirically the length of time needed to achieve that steady state, through the experience of three industrialised countries, by means of a time-series analysis based on the models presented by Simon in his most recent work (1986)

Was erwarten ForscherInnen von der Bibliothek?: Bericht von der Sommerschule „Digitization and its Impact on Society“, Dresden, 29.9. – 5.10.2013

Die SLUB Dresden betreibt eines der führenden deutschen Zentren der Massendigitalisierung in öffentlicher Hand und produziert nun schon seit einigen Jahren zwei bis drei Millionen Scans pro Jahr. Durch Texterkennung stehen zunehmend auch Volltexte zur Verfügung und mit der Erschließung von Bezügen zwischen Karten, Büchern, Fotos, Zeitungen usw. entstehen wissenschaftsrelevante Kollektionen. Damit gehört die SLUB neben Google und anderen Kulturerbeinstitutionen zu den treibenden Akteuren der Digitalisierung. Als öffentliche Einrichtung mit wissenschaftlichem Anspruch stellen wir uns dabei immer auch die Frage, wie die Massendigitalisierung die Forschungsprozesse verändert und richten unsere Dienstleistungen daran aus. Selten bleibt aber die Zeit zu reflexieren, welche gesellschaftlichen Folgen sich abzeichnen, wenn die Digitalisierung weiter voranschreitet. Hierzu ist eine interdisziplinäre Betrachtung notwendig

Avances en sistemas software para robótica con atributos de calidad de servicio adaptativos

En esta Tesis se presenta Nerve, un middleware para sistemas distribuidos y robótica basado en la librería de comunicaciones multiplataforma ACE y el en estándar the Data Distribution Service (DDS). Nerve garantiza la escalabilidad y las calidades de servico (QoS) necesarias para sistemas de tiempo real, pero también permite a los desarrolladores reutilizar la mayoría del código existente y ofrecerles los mecanismos necesarios para desplegar partes de dicho código en tareas distribuidas. Además, Nerve ofrece una infraestructura de monitorización y adaptación. La infraestructura de monitorización permite tener acceso a las métricas del sistema (CPU, memoria, etc.) y a las métricas de usuario (QoS, variables utilizadas en algoritmos, etc.). Para ello se describe un mecanismo de instrumentación automática de código utilizando las herramientas basadas en los compiladores LLVM. Con respecto a la infraestructura de adaptación, ésta se encarga de modificar las QoS para obtener el mejor comportamiento posible del robot con los recursos disponibles en tiempo de ejecución. También se describen la implementación e integración en Nerve de un mecanismo de comunicaciones basado en petición/respuesta que, junto al original basado en la publicación/suscripción, permite dar soporte al modelo cliente/servidor. Este modelo clásico de comunicaciones se ha utilizado con éxito para integrar Nerve en otros frameworks existentes para robótica. Finalmente, los beneficios del uso de Nerve se verán reflejados a través de su aplicación en sistemas robóticos reales.Los robots sociales son robots autónomos que trabajan en entornos sociales reales donde tienen que interactuar con seres humanos e incluso con otros robots. La implementación de estos sistemas robóticos está moviendose hacia el uso de frameworks basados en componentes, los cuales se centran en la reusabilidad y en la evolución del software. De esta manera, el software de un robot está compuesto por entidades binarias (componentes) distribuidos que se comunican entre sí utilizando un middleware de comunicaciones, que permite abstraer al desarrollador de los detalles de bajo nivel y comunicar sistemas heterogéneos. Si embargo, el uso de estos frameworks basados en componentes y middleware para robótica implica una curva de aprendizaje muy pronunciada, además de introducir nuevos desafíos a los desarrolladores para poder satisfacer los requisitos de alto rendimiento y otras calidades de servicio. El análisis y la verificación de esas propiedades no funcionales debe incluir formas de monitorizar los diferentes valores del sistema. Normalmente, las herramientas de monitorización para robótica incluyen sólo información sobre el estado de los componentes y la acción típica a realizar, en caso de detectar que no se satisface algún requisito, es parar el software, lo que suele implicar parar el robot. Obviamente, este escenario no es la mejor opción para los robots sociales, a menos que introduzcamos un mecanismo que garantice que el sistema de control del robot se autoadaptará y reparará él mismo si es necesario (y posible). De esta forma, aparece un nuevo requisito: un sistema de control de un robot debe de ser tolerante a fallos, permitiendo auto-adaptarse, es decir: detectar cambios significativos, decidir cómo reaccionar, y actuar para ejecutar tales decisiones