Reacciones intramoleculares de Heck y de carbolitiación tipo Parham. Estereoselectividad y aplicación a la síntesis de quinolinas y pirroloisoquinolinas

351 p.[ES]En el trabajo de investigación que se recoge en esta memoria se ha realizado un estudio comparativo de las reacciones intramoleculares de Heck y de carbolitiación tipo Parham en síntesis de heterociclos nitrogenados, ya que ambas metodologías requieren sustratos comunes. Se han analizado distintas variables con objeto de determinar el alcance y las limitaciones del método, incidiendo especialmente en su estereoselectividad. Por otro lado, la aplicación de los mencionados procedimientos ha permitido llevar a cabo la síntesis asimétrica de hexahidropirroloisoquinolinas 10-sustituidas y tetrahidroquinolinas 2,4-disustituidas, partiendo de sustratos enantioméricamente puros derivados de L-prolinal y (R)-2,2-dimetil-1,3-dioxolano-4-carbaldehído, respectivamente. Cabe destacar que, en ambos casos, la reacción de carbolitiación tipo Parham cursa con total diastereoselectividad para la construcción de anillos de 6 miembros mediante procesos 6-exo-trig

Perturbation-Theory and Machine Learning (PTML). Model for High-Throughput Screening of Parham Reactions: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are gaining importance in the processing of chemical information and modelling of chemical reactivity problems. In this work, we have developed a PTML model combining Perturbation-Theory (PT) and ML algorithms for predicting the yield of a given reaction. For this purpose, we have selected Parham cyclization, which is a general and powerful tool for the synthesis of heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. This reaction has both structural (substitution pattern on the substrate, internal electrophile, ring size, etc.) and operational variables (organolithium reagent, solvent, temperature, time, etc.), so predicting the effect of changes on substrate design (internal elelctrophile, halide, etc.) or reaction conditions on the yield is an important task that could help to optimize the reaction design. The PTML model developed uses PT operators to account for perturbations in experimental conditions and/or structural variables of all the molecules involved in a query reaction compared to a reaction of reference. Thus, a dataset of >100 reactions has been collected for different substrates and internal electrophiles, under different reaction conditions, with a wide range of yields (0 – 98%). The best PTML model found using General Linear Regression (GLR) has R = 0.88 in training and R = 0.83 in external validation series for 10000 pairs of query and reference reactions. The PTML model has a final R = 0.95 for all reactions using multiple reactions of reference. We also report a comparative study of linear vs. non-linear PTML models based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) algorithms. PTML-ANN models (LNN, MLP, RBF) with R ≈ 0.1 - 0.8 do not outperform the first PMTL model. This result confirms the validity of the linearity of the model. Next, we carried out an experimental and theoretical study of non-reported Parham reactions to illustrate the practical use of the PTML model. A 500000-point simulation and a Hammett analysis of the reactivity space of Parham reactions are also reportedMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2016-74881-P) / Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2013-41229-P) / Gobierno Vasco (IT1045-16

Reacciones intramoleculares de Heck y de carbolitiación tipo Parham. Estereoselectividad y aplicación a la síntesis de quinolinas y pirroloisoquinolinas

351 p.[ES]En el trabajo de investigación que se recoge en esta memoria se ha realizado un estudio comparativo de las reacciones intramoleculares de Heck y de carbolitiación tipo Parham en síntesis de heterociclos nitrogenados, ya que ambas metodologías requieren sustratos comunes. Se han analizado distintas variables con objeto de determinar el alcance y las limitaciones del método, incidiendo especialmente en su estereoselectividad. Por otro lado, la aplicación de los mencionados procedimientos ha permitido llevar a cabo la síntesis asimétrica de hexahidropirroloisoquinolinas 10-sustituidas y tetrahidroquinolinas 2,4-disustituidas, partiendo de sustratos enantioméricamente puros derivados de L-prolinal y (R)-2,2-dimetil-1,3-dioxolano-4-carbaldehído, respectivamente. Cabe destacar que, en ambos casos, la reacción de carbolitiación tipo Parham cursa con total diastereoselectividad para la construcción de anillos de 6 miembros mediante procesos 6-exo-trig

High Performance Polymer/Ionic Liquid Thermoplastic Solid Electrolyte Prepared by Solvent Free Processing for Solid State Lithium Metal Batteries

A polymer/ionic liquid thermoplastic solid electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), modified sepiolite (TPGS-S), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PYR14TFSI) ionic liquid is prepared using solvent free extrusion method. Its physical-chemical, electrical, and electrochemical properties are comprehensively studied. The investigated solid electrolyte demonstrates high ionic conductivity together with excellent compatibility with lithium metal electrode. Finally, truly Li-LiFePO4 solid state coin cell with the developed thermoplastic solid electrolyte demonstrates promising electrochemical performance during cycling under 0.2 C/0.5 C protocol at 60 ◦C.This study was supported by the Comunidad de Madrid (Project Ref. LIQUORGAS-CM, S2013/MAE-2800). Francisco González is grateful to CONACYT-SENER for the scholarship granted (CVU559770/Registro 297710 and S2013/MAE-2800).Peer reviewe