Taxes versus standards in a mixed economy

Governments have recently become increasingly concerned about environmental policy choice in a mixed economy because many countries are mixed economies where public and private firms engage in the output market. This paper provides an analytical framework to compare emission taxes and emission standards in a mixed economy. Through theoretical analysis and numerical example, two main conclusions are drawn. First, the ranking of emission taxes and standards in the aspect of bringing about greater social welfare depends on the policy stringency. More specifically, for high levels of environmental stringency, taxes yield a greater social welfare than the standards regulation does, while the opposite conclusion holds for low levels of environmental stringency. Second, the total production level under emission taxes is always larger than under emission standards. Our findings provide important implications for the policy choice and design in a mixed economy

Analysis on the trend and characteristics of electricity consumption growth in Shaoxing

This article studies the current situation and development trend of electricity consumption in Shaoxing from the perspectives of electricity consumption in the whole society, industrial electricity consumption, and urban and rural residents' daily life electricity consumption. Compared with the average electricity consumption of the whole country, Zhejiang Province and various regions, we analyze power consumption trends and structural characteristics of Shaoxin