Desarrollo de un videojuego en Unity para el aprendizaje de matemáticas de tercero y cuarto curso de educación primaria

[ES] Los videojuegos son actualmente uno de los entretenimientos más populares en los niños. Las matemáticas nos acompañan en nuestra vida cotidiana y son la base de la informática. Que mejor forma de aprender matemáticas que, desde pequeños, a través de un videojuego que nos entretiene. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo mostrar todo el proceso de diseño y elaboración de un producto software de entretenimiento desde cero. Para ello se ha desarrollado un videojuego educativo donde se aplican los procedimientos necesarios para la elaboración de un producto software. El videojuego desarrollado es de carácter educativo y tiene como objetivo ayudar en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas de una forma entretenida y animada a niños de tercero y cuarto de primaria, es decir el segundo ciclo de la Educación Primaria. Los contenidos que abarca el videojuego son el sistema numérico, sumas, restas, multiplicaciones, divisiones, fracciones, números romanos entre otros. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio en profundidad de las diferentes técnicas y metodología utilizadas para la enseñanza a estas edades, también se han comparado actuales aplicaciones/juegos educativos del mercado, y se han utilizado libros de primaria de la editorial Santillana para la obtención de ejercicios adecuados al nivel. La plataforma de desarrollo a utilizar ha sido Unity, uno de los motores de videojuegos más populares del sector, ya que Unity ofrece una gran cantidad herramientas que han permitido desarrollar un producto completo.[EN] Video games are currently one of the most popular entertainment for children. Mathematics accompany us in our daily lives and are the basis of computing. What better way to learn mathematics than from a young age through a video game that entertains us. This project aims to show the entire process of designing and developing an entertainment software product from scratch. For this, an educational video game han been developed where the necessary procedures are applied for the development of a software product. The video game developed is educational in nature and aims to help children in the third and fourth years of primary education (second cycle of Primary Education) learn mathematics in an entertaining and animated way. The contents covered by the video game are the number system, addition, substraction, multiplication, division, fractions, Roman numeral, among others. For this, an in-depth study of the different techniques and methodology used for teaching at these ages has been carried out, current educational applications / games on the market have also been compared, and elementary books from the Santillana publishing house have been used to obtain exercises appropriate to the level. The development platform to be used has been Unity, one of the most popular video game engines in the sector, since Unity offers a large number of tools that have made it posible to develop a complete product.Caravaca Gosp, G. (2021). Desarrollo de un videojuego en Unity para el aprendizaje de matemáticas de tercero y cuarto curso de educación primaria. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/173974TFG

Time Response of Water-based Liquid Scintillator from X-ray Excitation

Water-based liquid scintillators (WbLS) present an attractive target medium for large-scale detectors with the ability to enhance the separation of Cherenkov and scintillation signals from a single target. This work characterizes the scintillation properties of WbLS samples based on LAB/PPO liquid scintillator (LS). X-ray luminescence spectra, decay profiles, and relative light yields are measured for WbLS of varying LS concentration as well as for pure LS with a range of PPO concentrations up to 90 g/L. The scintillation properties of the WbLS are related to the precursor LAB/PPO: starting from 90 g/L PPO in LAB before synthesis, the resulting WbLS have spectroscopic properties that instead match 10 g/L PPO in LAB. This could indicate that the concentration of active PPO in the WbLS samples depends on their processing.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Materials Advances, a journal of the Royal Society of Chemistr

Microparticle movements in optical funnels and pods

Three-dimensional microparticle movements induced by laser beams with a funnel-and tubular pod-like structure, in the neighbourhood of the focal plane of an optical trapping setup, are experimentally studied. The funnel and pod beams constructed as coherent superpositions of helical Laguerre-Gaussian modes are synthesized by a computer generated hologram using a phase-only spatial light modulator. Particle tracking is achieved by in-line holography method which allows an accurate position measurement. It is experimentally demonstrated that the trapped particle follows different trajectories depending on the orbital angular momentum density of the beam. In particular applying the proposed pod beam the particle rotates in opposite directions during its movement in the optical trap. Possible applications of these single-beam traps for volumetric optical particle manipulation are discussed. © 2011 Optical Society of America.The financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under projects TEC2008-04105, TEC2009-5545-E/TEC are acknowledged. J. A. Rodrigo and A. M. Caravaca-Aguirre gratefully thank a “Juan de la Cierva” grant and fellowship from “Obra Social Ibercaja (Beca Ibercaja de Investigación 2010)”, respectively. The authors appreciate valuable comments from J. R. Arias-González.Peer Reviewe

Microparticle movements in optical funnels and pods

Three-dimensional microparticle movements induced by laser beams with a funnel- and tubular pod-like structure, in the neighbourhood of the focal plane of an optical trapping setup, are experimentally studied. The funnel and pod beams constructed as coherent superpositions of helical Laguerre-Gaussian modes are synthesized by a computer generated hologram using a phase-only spatial light modulator. Particle tracking is achieved by in-line holography method which allows an accurate position measurement. It is experimentally demonstrated that the trapped particle follows different trajectories depending on the orbital angular momentum density of the beam. In particular applying the proposed pod beam the particle rotates in opposite directions during its movement in the optical trap. Possible applications of these single-beam traps for volumetric optical particle manipulation are discussed

La Bauma del Serrat del Pont, Tortellà, La Garrotxa : un taller de metal·lúrgia del coure d'ara fa 4000 anys

Descripció de la campanya d’excavació de 1993 en el jaciment arqueològic de La Bauma del Serrat del Pont (Tortellà, La Garrotxa), en què es van trobar ceràmiques i 2 gresols amb restes de coure, la qual cosa fa pensar en l’existència a Catalunya d’una metal·lúrgia del cour

Studies of η\eta and η′\eta' production in pppp and ppPb collisions

The production of $\eta$ and $\eta'$ mesons is studied in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions collected with the LHCb detector. Proton-proton collisions are studied at center-of-mass energies of $5.02$ and $13~{\rm TeV}$, and proton-lead collisions are studied at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon of $8.16~{\rm TeV}$. The studies are performed in center-of-mass rapidity regions $2.5<y_{\rm c.m.}<3.5$ (forward rapidity) and $-4.0<y_{\rm c.m.}<-3.0$ (backward rapidity) defined relative to the proton beam direction. The $\eta$ and $\eta'$ production cross sections are measured differentially as a function of transverse momentum for $1.5<p_{\rm T}<10~{\rm GeV}$ and $3<p_{\rm T}<10~{\rm GeV}$, respectively. The differential cross sections are used to calculate nuclear modification factors. The nuclear modification factors for $\eta$ and $\eta'$ mesons agree at both forward and backward rapidity, showing no significant evidence of mass dependence. The differential cross sections of $\eta$ mesons are also used to calculate $\eta/\pi^0$ cross section ratios, which show evidence of a deviation from the world average. These studies offer new constraints on mass-dependent nuclear effects in heavy-ion collisions, as well as $\eta$ and $\eta'$ meson fragmentation.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2023-030.html (LHCb public pages

Fraction of χc\chi_c decays in prompt J/ψJ/\psi production measured in pPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8.16 TeV

The fraction of $\chi_{c1}$ and $\chi_{c2}$ decays in the prompt $J/\psi$ yield, $F_{\chi c}=\sigma_{\chi_c \to J/\psi}/\sigma_{J/\psi}$, is measured by the LHCb detector in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8.16$ TeV. The study covers the forward ($1.5<y^*<4.0$) and backward ($-5.0<y^*<-2.5$) rapidity regions, where $y^*$ is the $J/\psi$ rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass system. Forward and backward rapidity samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 13.6 $\pm$ 0.3 nb$^{-1}$ and 20.8 $\pm$ 0.5 nb$^{-1}$, respectively. The result is presented as a function of the $J/\psi$ transverse momentum $p_{T,J/\psi}$ in the range 1$<p_{T, J/\psi}<20$ GeV/$c$. The $F_{\chi c}$ fraction at forward rapidity is compatible with the LHCb measurement performed in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV, whereas the result at backward rapidity is 2.4 $\sigma$ larger than in the forward region for $1<p_{T, J/\psi}<3$ GeV/$c$. The increase of $F_{\chi c}$ at low $p_{T, J/\psi}$ at backward rapidity is compatible with the suppression of the $\psi$(2S) contribution to the prompt $J/\psi$ yield. The lack of in-medium dissociation of $\chi_c$ states observed in this study sets an upper limit of 180 MeV on the free energy available in these pPb collisions to dissociate or inhibit charmonium state formation.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2023-028.html (LHCb public pages

A measurement of ΔΓs\Delta \Gamma_{s}

Using a dataset corresponding to $9~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector between 2011 and 2018 in proton-proton collisions, the decay-time distributions of the decay modes $B_s^0 \rightarrow J/\psi \eta'$ and $B_s^0 \rightarrow J/\psi \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ are studied. The decay-width difference between the light and heavy mass eigenstates of the $B_s^0$ meson is measured to be $\Delta \Gamma_s = 0.087 \pm 0.012 \pm 0.009 \, \mathrm{ps}^{-1}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2023-025.htm