Pathomorphosis of tick-borne encephalitis in patients receiving Immunoprophylaxis

With account taken of the regional tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination program implementation (reaching the 86% population coverage by the year of 2016), clinical effectiveness of vaccination and emergency seroprevention was assessed in 795 patients with the ascertained TBE diagnosis in MA 'New Hospital' from 2006 to 2016. Predominance of febrile TBE forms (15.0%), decrease in the percentage of meningeal TBE forms to 12.5% and that of focal TBE forms to 1.7% in the vaccines compared with the relative proportions of these forms in the unvaccinated individuals reaching 44.6%; 65.2%; and 67.6% respectively was established. Development of febrile (27.2%), meningeal (21.4%) and focal forms (29.5%) in the TBE patients who received only emergency seroprevention was recorded more frequently than in the vaccination group, but reliably more rarely than in the non-vaccination group. It was detected that in the vaccinees given additional immunoglobulin injections after tick bites, meningeal TBE forms developed reliably more rarely (0.9%) than in the vaccinees who did not receive any emergency seroprevention (12.5%). Vaccination is a single-option method of active specific TBE prevention, yet there is a need for a personalized approach to preventive measures and determination of revaccination intervals based on TBE antibody titration in the vaccinees.С учетом реализации региональной программы вакцинации против клещевого энцефалита (КВЭ) (с 86% охватом населения к 2016 году) был исследован иммунный статус у 3 групп населения (репрезентативная выборка, п=200) и проведена оценка клинической эффективности вакцинации и экстренной серопрофилактики у пациентов с верифицированным диагнозом КВЭ (п=795) на базе МО «Новая больница» за период 2006-2016 г.г. Установлено преобладание лихорадочных - 15,0%, уменьшение доли менингеальных до 12,5% и очаговых форм КВЭ до 1,7% у привитых по сравнению с удельным весом этих форм у не привитых, составивших 44,6%; 65,2%; 67,6% соответственно. Среди пациентов КВЭ, получивших только экстренную серопрофилактику, развитие лихорадочных (27,2%), менингеальных (21,4%) и очаговых форм (29,5%) отмечалось чаще, чем в группе привитых, но достоверно реже, чем у не привитых. Выявлено, что у вакцинированных пациентов, дополнительно получивших иммуноглобулин после укуса клеща, менингеальные формы КВЭ развивались достоверно реже (0,9%), чем у вакцинированных лиц без экстренной серопрофилактики (12,5%). Вакцинация – безальтернативный способ активной специфической профилактики КВЭ, однако требуется персонализированный подход к профилактическим мероприятиям и определение срока ревакцинации по результатам титра антител к вирусу КВЭ у привитых

Dependence of atomic parity-violation effects on neutron skins and new physics

We estimate the relative contribution of nuclear structure and new physics couplings to the parity non-conserving spin-independent effects in atomic systems, for both single isotopes and isotopic ratios. General expressions are presented to assess the sensitivity of isotopic ratios to neutron skins and to couplings beyond standard model at tree level. The specific coefficients for these contributions are calculated assuming Fermi distribution for proton and neutron nuclear densities for isotopes of Cs, Ba, Sm, Dy, Yb, Pb, Fr, and Ra. The present work aims to provide a guide to the choice of the best isotopes and pairs of isotopes for conducting atomic PNC measurements.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 3 table

A composite dislocation cell model to describe strain path change effects in BCC metals

Sheet metal forming processes are within the core of many modern manufacturing technologies, as applied in, e.g., automotive and packaging industries. Initially flat sheet material is forced to transform plastically into a three-dimensional shape through complex loading modes. Deviation from a proportional strain path is associated with hardening or softening of the material due to the induced plastic anisotropy resulting from the prior deformation. The main cause of these transient anisotropic effects at moderate strains is attributed to the evolving underlying dislocation microstructures. In this paper, a composite dislocation cell model, which explicitly describes the dislocation structure evolution, is combined with a BCC crystal plasticity framework to bridge the microstructure evolution and its macroscopic anisotropic effects. Monotonic and multi-stage loading simulations are conducted for a single crystal and polycrystal BCC metal, and the obtained macroscopic results and dislocation substructure evolution are compared qualitatively with the published experimental observations.Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin