Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Evaluation of oil flows for the lubrication of an agricultural tractor transmission

An important part of power losses in tractor transmissions is due to the oil they contain. To limit power losses, a reduction in oil level in the tractor drive train is necessary, while still ensuring lubrication of the individual components. In this article, oil flows sufficient for the lubrication of gears and bearings in a full power-shift transmission front box were calculated. After evaluation of individual element power loss in the worst working condition, a thermal balance and the oil flow required to eliminate the produced heat were calculated. Gear lubrication requires about 10 L min-1, while rolling bearings need about 2 L min-1. Two gear jet flow lubrication systems were then evaluated and the most important parameters established for correct nozzle positioning

Design of the lubrication circuit of an agricultural tractor

Today the design of hydraulic and lubrication circuits is becoming more and more important. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology for the design of the lubrication circuit of an agricultural tractor. In this paper the lubrication circuit of a continuously variable transmission is analysed. Several lines of the circuit are considered and in particular the lubrication of gears is discussed. The worst possible working condition which corresponds to the highest power dissipation for each part of the transmission is determined. The model of the lubrication circuit is developed with two different software simulations. In order to check the reliability of the simulation models and to characterise the lubrication circuit, experimental tests are performed. The comparison between the values of pressure drops obtained by the models and by the experimental test, demonstrates that it is possible to use these programs for the set up of a simple model of the lubrication circuit. The calculation of oil flows necessary for a force-fed lubrication of the gears, the simulation of the circuit by a commercial software, and the validation of the circuit design allow to set up a preliminary equilibrium among the pipes and a proper flow rate distribution. Optimising the circuit design in the initial phase of the project is very important. The experimental adjustment of the circuit, which is often difficult, can be simplified; time and cost production can be reduced