Pancreatogenic infections: importance of microbiological monitoring and penetration of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents into the pancreas when defining therapeutic approach

The review provides the information on the spectrum of microorganisms initiating the development of clinical and morphological forms of pancreatogenic infections. It is shown that when analyzing pathological conditions, no features in the microbiological landscape of the secondary infection in the pancreas and the surrounding extraperitoneal cellular tissue are registere

Generating Abstractive Summaries from Meeting Transcripts

Summaries of meetings are very important as they convey the essential content of discussions in a concise form. Generally, it is time consuming to read and understand the whole documents. Therefore, summaries play an important role as the readers are interested in only the important context of discussions. In this work, we address the task of meeting document summarization. Automatic summarization systems on meeting conversations developed so far have been primarily extractive, resulting in unacceptable summaries that are hard to read. The extracted utterances contain disfluencies that affect the quality of the extractive summaries. To make summaries much more readable, we propose an approach to generating abstractive summaries by fusing important content from several utterances. We first separate meeting transcripts into various topic segments, and then identify the important utterances in each segment using a supervised learning approach. The important utterances are then combined together to generate a one-sentence summary. In the text generation step, the dependency parses of the utterances in each segment are combined together to create a directed graph. The most informative and well-formed sub-graph obtained by integer linear programming (ILP) is selected to generate a one-sentence summary for each topic segment. The ILP formulation reduces disfluencies by leveraging grammatical relations that are more prominent in non-conversational style of text, and therefore generates summaries that is comparable to human-written abstractive summaries. Experimental results show that our method can generate more informative summaries than the baselines. In addition, readability assessments by human judges as well as log-likelihood estimates obtained from the dependency parser show that our generated summaries are significantly readable and well-formed.Comment: 10 pages, Proceedings of the 2015 ACM Symposium on Document Engineering, DocEng' 201

Sociolinguistic Conditionality of Yakut Language Functioning in Field of School Education: Origins of Incipient Crisis

The results of a sociolinguistic analysis of factors that reduce the language competence of Sakha schoolchildren in a broad extralinguistic context based on field data representing the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the research object is presented in the article. Attention is paid to the functioning of the Yakut language in the field of education, which is undergoing various transformations depending on the course of the state educational policy, the socio-economic state of the region and the processes of globalization, the consequences of which form risks for the ethnocultural component of communities in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with non-dominant languages. It is argued that the language policy in the field of education, which implements “de jure” bilingual, polylingual models, in the implementation of which the formal approach prevails, actually minimizes the presence of the Yakut language in the education system due to insufficient consideration of linguistic attitudes and the real needs of the Sakha ethnic community. It is noted that the conditions of active contact bilingualism in the regions of the Russian Federation, a variety of ambiguous extralinguistic factors predetermine the strengthening of institutional support, state protectionism in the field of optimal linguistic support of training and educational processes. It is proved that taking into account the experience of research on family, civil language policy can help in obtaining an optimal solution to the problems of language reproduction on regional material

Phase heterogeneity of acetone solutions of cellulose nitrate

NMR and turbidity points were used to study temperature transitions in concentrated solutions of CN with a nitrogen content of 13·5 and 14·01%. Turbidity curves show two regions where light scattering changes suddenly. The critical concentration, above which these transitions are observed, is close to that predicted by the Flory theory for a narrow two-phase region. The transitions observed are accompanied by unusual changes in the drop of free induction of CN and transverse relaxation time of solvent molecules. Based on these results a conclusion was drawn about the LC form of transitions taking place. © 1988

Evenki of River Basin Olyokma: Resettlement and Land Use in the XXI Century

The relevance of the study is due to the need to study the characteristics of the resettlement of the local Evenki group of the Olekma River Basin, which influenced the modern land use and economic and cultural relations of Evenki living now in the Olekminsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Kalarsky and Tungiro-Olekminsky Districts of the Trans-Baikal Territory and the Tyndinsky District of Amur region. The article focuses on the study of the Evenki population dynamics based on a comparative analysis of the materials of the censuses of the 20th century. For comparison, current data on the number of Evenks in their areas of residence according to the 2010 census are given. An analysis of archival sources showed that changes in the resettlement of Evenk clans occurred simultaneously with changes in the administrative-territorial division. Factographic materials found in the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) confirm that when deciding on the administrative-territorial structure, the opinions and proposals of the local population were taken into account. Author’s maps were compiled, which allowed a spatial analysis of the distribution of the population and the forms of organization of the Evenki economy. It was found out that each region has its own specific land use determined by administrative decisions and regional policies

Применение биологически активных веществ в технологии выращивания томата F1 Шерами в условиях защищенного грунта

Relevance. The interest of vegetable producers in small-fruited tomato hybrids has been increasing in recent years. This is due to the high commercial qualities of fruits that do not crack, contain 3 times more sugars than large-fruited tomatoes, and their range of use for canning and salads has also been expanded.Goal: to identify effective options for the use of biologically active substances in conditions of extended turnover of winter greenhouses on tomato plantings F1 Sherami.Methods. Research was aimed at studying the effect of biologically active substances – sodium selenate at a concentration of 10-5, natural coniferous concentrate (2 mg/l), EpinExtra (0.2 mg/l) and their double and triple combinations on the productivity of cherry tomatoes F1 Sherami. The treatment of plants was carried out 4 times during the growing season – after picking, when planting seedlings in a permanent place, when pouring the first brush and during the mass harvest.Results. As a result of research, it was found that the use of the above drugs increases the productivity of tomato plants of the Sherami hybrid. The maximum yield according to the results of 2018 and 2019 was obtained on the variant using sodium Selenate + KHN + Epin-extra and averaged 288.1 t/ha. Also, the use of BAS had an effect on the content of dry matter, sugars and macronutrients.Conclusion. The effect of preparations of biologically active substances positively affected the growth and development of plants. The variation of the yield increase compared to the control ranged from 5.2 to 17.2 t/ha. The maximum yield of the Sherami hybrid tomato was obtained on the variant using sodium Selenate + KHN + Epin-extra, the increase was 19 t/ha, which made it possible to obtain an appropriate income level of more than 272 thousand rubles/ha.Актуальность. Интерес производителей овощей к мелкоплодным гибридам томата в последние годы возрастает. Обусловлено это высокими товарными качествами плодов, которые не растрескиваются, содержат в 3 раза больше сахаров, чем крупноплодные томаты, также расширен их ассортимент использования для консервирования и салатов.Цель: выявить эффективные варианты применения биологически активных веществ в условиях продленного оборота зимних теплиц на посадках томата F1 Шерами.Методы. Исследования были направлены на изучение влияния биологически активных веществ – Селенат натрия в концентрации 10-5, концентрат хвойный натуральный (2 мг/л), Эпин-Экстра (0,2 мг/л) и их двойных и тройных сочетаний на продуктивность томата черри F1 Шерами. Обработку растений проводили 4 раза за вегетацию – после пикировки, при высадке рассады на постоянное место, при наливе первой кисти и в период массового сбора урожая.Результаты. В результате исследований установлено, что применение вышеперечисленных препаратов увеличивают продуктивность растений томата гибрида F1 Шерами. Максимальная урожайность по результатам 2018 и 2019 годов получена в варианте с применением Селената натрия + КХН + Эпин-экстра и составила в среднем 288,1 т/га. Также применение БАВ оказывало влияние и на содержание сухого вещества, сахаров и макроэлементов.Заключение. Действие препаратов биологически активных веществ положительно повлияло на рост и развитие растений. Варьирование прибавки урожайности по сравнению с контролем составило от 5,2 до 17,2 т/га. Максимальная величина урожая томата гибрида F1 Шерами получена в варианте с применением Селенат натрия + КХН + Эпин-экстра, прибавка составила 19 т/га, что позволило получить соответствующий уровень дохода более 272 тыс. руб./га

Limit theorems for von Mises statistics of a measure preserving transformation

For a measure preserving transformation $T$ of a probability space $(X,\mathcal F,\mu)$ we investigate almost sure and distributional convergence of random variables of the form $$x \to \frac{1}{C_n} \sum_{i_1<n,...,i_d<n} f(T^{i_1}x,...,T^{i_d}x),\, n=1,2,...,$$ where $f$ (called the \emph{kernel}) is a function from $X^d$ to $\R$ and $C_1, C_2,...$ are appropriate normalizing constants. We observe that the above random variables are well defined and belong to $L_r(\mu)$ provided that the kernel is chosen from the projective tensor product $$L_p(X_1,\mathcal F_1, \mu_1) \otimes_{\pi}...\otimes_{\pi} L_p(X_d,\mathcal F_d, \mu_d)\subset L_p(\mu^d)$$ with $p=d\,r,\, r\ \in [1, \infty).$ We establish a form of the individual ergodic theorem for such sequences. Next, we give a martingale approximation argument to derive a central limit theorem in the non-degenerate case (in the sense of the classical Hoeffding's decomposition). Furthermore, for $d=2$ and a wide class of canonical kernels $f$ we also show that the convergence holds in distribution towards a quadratic form $\sum_{m=1}^{\infty} \lambda_m\eta^2_m$ in independent standard Gaussian variables $\eta_1, \eta_2,...$. Our results on the distributional convergence use a $T$--\,invariant filtration as a prerequisite and are derived from uni- and multivariate martingale approximations

Optical Identification of Four Hard X-ray Sources from the Swift All-Sky Survey

We present the results of our optical identifications of four hard X-ray sources from the Swift all-sky survey. We obtained optical spectra for each of the program objects with the 6-m BTA telescope (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnii Arkhyz), which allowed their nature to be established. Two sources (SWIFT J2237.2+6324} and SWIFT J2341.0+7645) are shown to belong to the class of cataclysmic variables (suspected polars or intermediate polars). The measured emission line width turns out to be fairly large (FWHM ~ 15-25 A), suggesting the presence of extended, rapidly rotating (v~400-600 km/s) accretion disks in the systems. Apart from line broadening, we have detected a change in the positions of the line centroids for SWIFT J2341.0+7645, which is most likely attributable to the orbital motion of the white dwarf in the binary system. The other two program objects (SWIFT J0003.3+2737 and SWIFT J0113.8+2515) are extragalactic in origin: the first is a Seyfert 2 galaxy and the second is a blazar at redshift z=1.594. Apart from the optical spectra, we provide the X-ray spectra for all sources in the 0.6-10 keV energy band obtained from XRT/Swift data.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, will be published in Astronomy Letters, 38, No.5, pp.281-289 (2012

Fast optical variability of SS 433

We study the optical variability of the peculiar Galactic source SS 433 using the observations made with the Russian Turkish 1.5-m telescope (RTT150). A simple technique which allows to obtain high-quality photometric measurements with 0.3-1 s time resolution using ordinary CCD is described in detail. Using the test observations of nonvariable stars, we show that the atmospheric turbulence introduces no significant distortions into the measured light curves. Therefore, the data obtained in this way are well suited for studying the aperiodic variability of various objects. The large amount of SS 433 optical light curve measurements obtained in this way allowed us to obtain the power spectra of its flux variability with a record sensitivity up to frequencies of ~0.5 Hz and to detect its break at frequency =~2.4e-3 Hz. We suggest that this break in the power spectrum results from the smoothing of the optical flux variability due to a finite size of the emitting region. Based on our measurement of the break frequency in the power spectrum, we estimated the size of the accretion-disk photosphere as 2e12 cm. We show that the amplitude of the variability in SS 433 decreases sharply during accretion-disk eclipses, but it does not disappear completely. This suggests that the size of the variable optical emission source is comparable to that of the normal star whose size is therefore R_O \approx 2e12 cm \approx 30 R_sun. The decrease in flux variability amplitude during eclipses suggests the presence of a nonvariable optical emission component with a magnitude m_R=~13.2.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters. The original version in Russian is available at http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/rtt150/ru/ss433_pazh10/pss433_fast.pd