A proof of the Grothendieck-Serre conjecture on principal bundles over regular local rings containing infinite fields

Let R be a regular local ring, containing an infinite field. Let G be a reductive group scheme over R. We prove that a principal G-bundle over R is trivial, if it is trivial over the fraction field of R.Comment: Section "Formal loops and affine Grassmannians" is removed as this is now covered in arXiv:1308.3078. Exposition is improved and slightly restructured. Some minor correction

Improvement of grain sorghum nutritive properties using modern genetic and biotechnological methods

The paper presents a review of the studies on the use of genetic engineering and genome editing tools for improving nutritional properties of sorghum grain. As a result of experiments performed over the past 5-7 years by several research groups, the created transgenic lines carry genetic constructs for RNA silencing of different kafirin sub-classes (prolamins of sorghum grain). The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing experiments have yielded mutants with deletions and insertions in the signal sequence of the gene encoding the 22 kDa α-kafirin in sorghum. These lines and mutants were characterized by improved in vitro digestibility of grain proteins, altered ultrastructure of protein bodies and an increased content of lysine. RNA silencing of α-kafirin increased the digestibility of proteins of both raw and cooked flour, while silencing of γ-kafirin led to improved digestibility of proteins of only raw flour. The lines with α-kafirin silencing have kernels with the floury endosperm type that discourages their direct commercial use because of fragility and reduced tolerance to fungal contamination; however, these lines can be used as donors of high digestibility trait when crossed with sorghum lines adapted to local conditions to improve their nutritional value. Kernels of the lines with γ-kafirin silencing may have different endosperm types: floury, vitreous, or a modified type with vitreous endosperm interspersed in the floury endosperm. This fact indicates the possibility of producing agronomically important sorghum lines with high kafirin digestibility and hard endosperm. The increased lysine level in kernels of sorghum lines with the suppressed synthesis of kafirins may be caused by rebalancing of protein synthesis in endosperm of developing kernels due to the synthesis of other proteins, including those with a higher content of essential amino acids. Alongside with improving the digestibility of kafirins, the genetic engineering approach allowed the creation of sorghum lines with a high content of provitamin A in grain and its increased stability during long-term storage. The results of these works show that it is promising to use RNA-interference and genome editing for creating sorghum lines with improved nutritional value of grain

Experimental investigation of high-energy photon splitting in atomic fields

The new data analysis of the experiment, where the photon splitting in the atomic fields has been observed for the first time, is presented. This experiment was performed at the tagged photon beam of the ROKK-1M facility at the VEPP-4M collider. In the energy region of 120-450 MeV, the statistics of $1.6\cdot 10^9$ photons incident on the BGO target was collected. About 400 candidates to the photon splitting events were reconstructed. Within the attained experimental accuracy, the experimental results are consistent with the cross section calculated exactly in an atomic field. The predictions obtained in the Born approximation significantly differ from the experimental results.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, LaTe

EXPERIENCE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BENIGN TUMORS AND DYSPLATIC PROCESSES OF THE MANDIBLE BY THE METHOD OF REPLANTATION OF THE RECTURAL BONE, SUBJECTED TO FREEZING

The purpose of the study is the development of indications and evaluation of the long-term results of surgical treatment of benign tumors and dysplastic processes of the mandible by the method of replantation of resected bone exposed to extraorganic freezing. Material and methods. A method for the surgical treatment of benign tumors and dysplastic processes of the mandible has been developed. It involves resection of an afflicted by pathological process segment of bone within healthy tissues, its mechanical processing, freezing in liquid nitrogen followed by slow thawing, and replantation. The evaluation of the treatment results has been carried out on the base of clinical, radiation and functional research methods. Long-term follow-up after surgery has been ranged from one to 25 years. Results and discussion. Positive results of surgical treatment were recorded in 72 patients (88,9 %). The indications for the developed method use have been established. It was found that the reconstruction of the mandible with a resected bone segment exposed to extraorganic cryosurgery, eliminates the recurrence of a benign tumor, provides for the restoration of the anatomical integrity of the jaw, and reduces the invasiveness of the operation. Conclusion. Long-term clinical experience has shown that mandible direct reconstruction in the surgical treatment of benign tumors and dysplastic processes with the method of resection, external freezing of the afflicted jaw area and its replantation is available, simple, and highly effective and can be recommended in the practice of medical institutions

Эффекты термической гелий-кислородной смеси на транспорт кислорода, центральную и легочную гемодинамику у пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких с гиперкапнической острой дыхательной недостаточностью

The aim of this study is to assessment of the rapid effects of t-He/O2 in comparison with the effective level of high-flow oxygen therapy (HPO) on the main indicators of oxygen transport, central and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure.Methods. A total of 33 (29 male, 4 female) patients were included in a randomized, comparative study with exacerbation of COPD and acute respiratory failure, admitted to the department of anesthesiology and intensive care of D.D.Pletnev City Teaching Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, between March and May 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group – 18 patients (15 male, 3 female) receiving t-He/O2 (He – 70%, O2 – 30% at a temperature of 70 °C; the 2nd group – 15 patients (14 male, 1 female) receiving high-flow oxygen therapy with FiO2 – 30% through a Venturi mask for the treatment of ODN against the background of basic therapy of the underlying disease, according to the recommendations of GOLD 2016. Assessment of oxygen transport, central and pulmonary hemodynamics was carried out through the definition of indicators: saturation of hemoglobin of arterial blood with oxygen (SaO2), saturation of venous blood hemoglobin with oxygen (SvO2), partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen (РaO2), partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide (РaCO2), partial pressure of mixed venous blood oxygen (РvO2), partial pressure of mixed venous blood carbon dioxide (РvCO2),mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), cardiac output (SV), heart index (CI), pulmonary vascular resistance (RVRI), impact volume index (SVI), pulmonary vascular resistance index (RVRI), left ventricular shock index (LVSW), right ventricular shock index (RVSW), system speed of oxygen delivery (DO2), the coeffiCIent of extraction of oxygen (ExO2), shunt fractions (venous mixing) (Qs / Qt)).Results. Short-term inhalation with a thermal helium-oxygen mixture in patients with COPD with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure is accompanied by an increase in SaO2 94,1 (92,8; 97,5) initially 86,1 (85,9; 88,1), РаО2 (78,1 (74,8; 80,1) initially 55,2 (52,5; 65,3)), decline РаСО2 (57,4 (54,2; 66.4) initially 65,4 (58,1; 67,2)). Thermal helium-oxygen mixture leads to stabilization of hemodynamics, improving the work of the right and left heart: decline MPAP 28,2 (24,3; 32,8) initially 43,3 (40,1; 49,5), RVRI (285,3 (258,4; 362,7) initially 592,1 (498,2; 623,5)), RVSW (16,2 (14,1; 21,4) initially 25,8 (21,8; 32)), HR 91,1 (86,4; 98,7) initially 115 ((105; 118) to increase LVSW (58,2 (49,8; 62,4) initially 35,5 (28,9; 42,1)), SVI 36,2 (31,8; 42,1) initially 31,5 (28,4; 36,2). Elimination of arterial hypoxemia and a positive effect on hemodynamics ensures adequate oxygen transport to tissues, which is expressed in the normalization of DO2 values DO2 (980,4 (858,45; 1208) initially 280,3 (270,34; 387,4)) и ExO2 (27,8 (25,6; 34,5) initially 32,1 (30,7; 39,8) and decline Qs/Qt. (28,7 (18,6; 35,4) initially 42,8 (39,2; 49,1).Conclusion. Short-term therapy of patients with COPD with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure using the t-He/O2 method, in comparison with high-flow oxygen therapy, improves blood oxygenation and hemodynamics. Elimination of arterial hypoxemia and a positive effect on hemodynamics made it possible to ensure adequate oxygen transport to tissues, which was expressed in the normalization of transport values, oxygen delivery, and a decrease in the shunt fraction.Целью исследования явилась оценка быстрых эффектов термической гелий-кислородной смеси (t-He/O2) в сравнении с эффективным уровнем высокопоточной оксигенотерапии (ВПО) на основные показатели транспорта кислорода, центральной и легочной гемодинами ки у пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) с гиперкапнической острой дыхательной недостаточнос тью (ОДН).Материалы и методы. В рандомизированное сравнительное исследование включены пациенты (n = 33: 29 мужчин, 4 женщины) с обострением ХОБЛ и ОДН, поступившие в отделение анестезиологии и реанимации Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д.Плетнева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы» в период с марта по май 2017 г. Пациенты были распределены на 2 группы. Больные 1-й группы (n = 18: 15 мужчин, 3 женщины) получали t-Не/О2 (Не – 70 %, О2– 30 % при температуре 70 °С; 2-й (n = 15: 14 мужчин, 1 женщина) – ВПО (фракционная концентрация кислорода во вдыхаемой газовой смеси (FiO2) – 30 %) через маску Вентури для терапии ОДН на фоне базисной терапии основного заболевания, согласно рекомендациям Глобальной инициативы по диагностике, лечению и профилактике ХОБЛ (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease – GOLD, 2016). Оценка транспорта кислорода, центральной и легочной гемодинамики проводилась через определение показателей насыщения гемоглобина артериальной крови кислородом (SaO2), насыщения гемоглобина венозной крови кислородом (SvO2), парциального напряжения кислорода артериальной крови (РaO2), парциального напряжения углекислоты артериальной крови (РaCO2), парциального напряжения кислорода смешанной венозной крови (РvO2), парциального напряжения углекислоты смешанной венозной крови (РvCO2), среднего давления в легочной артерии (MPAP), сердечного выброса (SV), сердечного индекса (CI), индекса ударного объема (SVI), индекса легочного сосудистого сопротивления (RVRI), индекса ударной работы левого (LVSW) и правого (RVSW) желудочков, системной скорости доставки кислорода (DO2), коэффициента экстракции кислорода (ExO2), фракции шунта (венозного перемешивания) (Qs / Qt)).Результаты. Кратковременная терапия методом t-Не / О2 пациентов c ХОБЛ с гиперкапнической острой дыхательной недостаточностью по сравнению с ВПО достоверно сопровождалась повышением SaO2 (94,1 (92,8; 97,5), исходно – 86,1 (85,9; 88,1)); РаО2 (78,1 (74,8; 80,1), исходно – 55,2 (52,5; 65,3)); РаО2 (78,1 (74,8; 80,1), исходно – 55,2 (52,5; 65,3)); снижением РаСО2 (57,4 (54,2; 66,4), исходно – 65,4 (58,1; 67,2)); улучшением работы правых и левых отделов сердца – снижением МPAP (28,2 (24,3; 32,8), исходно – 43,3 (40,1; 49,5)); RVRI (285,3 (258,4; 362,7), исходно – 592,1 (498,2; 623,5)); RVSW (16,2 (14,1; 21,4), исходно – 25,8 (21,8; 32)); HR (91,1 (86,4; 98,7), исходно – 115 ((105; 118)); повышением LVSW (58,2 (49,8; 62,4), исходно – 35,5 (28,9; 42,1)); SVI (36,2 (31,8; 42,1), исходно – 31,5 (28,4; 36,2)). Устранение артериальной гипоксемии и положительное влияние на гемодинамику позволило обеспечить адекватный транспорт кислорода к тканям, что выражалось в нормализации значений DO2 (980,4 (858,45; 1208), исходно – 280 (270,34; 387,4)); ExO2 (27,8 (25,6; 34,5), исходно – 32,1 (30,7; 39,8)) и снижении Qs / Qt (28,7 (18,6; 35,4), исходно – 42,8 (39,2; 49,1)).Заключение. При кратковременной терапии пациентов с ХОБЛ с гиперкапнической острой дыхательной недостаточностью методом t-Не/О2 по сравнению с ВПО улучшается оксигенация крови, гемодинамика. Устранение артериальной гипоксемии и положительное влияние на гемодинамику позволили обеспечить адекватный транспорт кислорода к тканям, что выражалось в нормализации значений транспорта, доставки кислорода и снижении фракции шунта

Structures and photophysical properties of 3,4-diaryl-1H-pyrrol-2,5-diimines and 2,3-diarylmaleimides

Structural features of 3,4-diaryl-1H-pyrrol-2,5-diimines and their derivatives have been studied by molecular spectroscopy techniques, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT calculations. According to the theoretical calculations, the diimino tautomeric form of 3,4-diaryl-1H-pyrrol-2,5-diimines is more stable in solution than the imino-enamino form. We also found that the structurally related 2,3 exist in the solid state in the dimeric diketo form. 3,4-Diary1-1H-pyrrol-2,5-diimines and 2,3-diarylmaleimides exhibit fluorescence in the blue region of the visible spectrum. The fluorescence spectra have large Stokes shifts. Aryl substituents at the 3,4-positions of 1H-pyrrol-2,5-diimine do not significantly affect fluorescence properties. The insertion of donor substituents into 2,3diarylmaleimides leads to bathochromic shift of emission bands with hyperchromic effect. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved