382 research outputs found
Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxim
Cosmogenic isotopes provide the only quantitative proxy for analyzing the
long-term solar variability over a centennial timescale. While essential
progress has been achieved in both measurements and modeling of the cosmogenic
proxy, uncertainties still remain in the determination of the geomagnetic
dipole moment evolution. Here we improve the reconstruction of solar activity
over the past nine millennia using a multi-proxy approach. We used records of
the 14C and 10Be cosmogenic isotopes, current numerical models of the isotope
production and transport in Earth's atmosphere, and available geomagnetic field
reconstructions, including a new reconstruction relying on an updated
archeo-/paleointensity database. The obtained series were analyzed using the
singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method to study the millennial-scale trends. A
new reconstruction of the geomagnetic dipole field moment, GMAG.9k, is built
for the last nine millennia. New reconstructions of solar activity covering the
last nine millennia, quantified in sunspot numbers, are presented and analyzed.
A conservative list of grand minima and maxima is provided. The primary
components of the reconstructed solar activity, as determined using the SSA
method, are different for the series based on 14C and 10Be. These primary
components can only be ascribed to long-term changes in the terrestrial system
and not to the Sun. They have been removed from the reconstructed series. In
contrast, the secondary SSA components of the reconstructed solar activity are
found to be dominated by a common ~2400-yr quasi-periodicity, the so-called
Hallstatt cycle, in both the 14C and 10Be based series. This Hallstatt cycle
thus appears to be related to solar activity. Finally, we show that the grand
minima and maxima occurred intermittently over the studied period, with
clustering near highs and lows of the Hallstatt cycle, respectively.Comment: In press in Astronomy & Astrophysics, doi:
10.1051/0004-6361/20152729
Comparaison de la reproduction de lapins de deux génotypes effets de l'age et de la saison
International audienc
The SGR 1806-20 magnetar signature on the Earth's magnetic field
SGRs denote ``soft -ray repeaters'', a small class of slowly spinning
neutron stars with strong magnetic fields. On 27 December 2004, a giant flare
was detected from magnetar SGR 1806-20. The initial spike was followed by a
hard-X-ray tail persisting for 380 s with a modulation period of 7.56 s. This
event has received considerable attention, particularly in the astrophysics
area. Its relevance to the geophysics community lies in the importance of
investigating the effects of such an event on the near-earth electromagnetic
environment. However, the signature of a magnetar flare on the geomagnetic
field has not previously been investigated. Here, by applying wavelet analysis
to the high-resolution magnetic data provided by the CHAMP satellite, a
modulated signal with a period of 7.5 s over the duration of the giant flare
appears in the observed data. Moreover, this event was detected by the
energetic ion counters onboard the DEMETER satellite.Comment: Science Editors' Choice:
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol314/issue5798/twil.dt
A template of atmospheric O2 circularly polarized emission for CMB experiments
We compute the circularly polarized signal from atmospheric molecular oxygen.
Polarization of O2 rotational lines is caused by Zeeman effect in the Earth
magnetic field. We evaluate the circularly polarized emission for various sites
suitable for CMB measurements: South Pole and Dome C (Antarctica), Atacama
(Chile) and Testa Grigia (Italy). An analysis of the polarized signal is
presented and discussed in the framework of future CMB polarization
experiments. We find a typical circularly polarized signal (V Stokes parameter)
of ~ 50 - 300 {\mu}K at 90 GHz looking at the zenith. Among the other sites
Atacama shows the lower polarized signal at the zenith. We present maps of this
signal for the various sites and show typical elevation and azimuth scans. We
find that Dome C presents the lowest gradient in polarized temperature: ~ 0.3
{\mu}K/\circ at 90 GHz. We also study the frequency bands of observation:
around {\nu} \simeq 100 GHz and {\nu} \simeq 160 GHz we find the best
conditions because the polarized signal vanishes. Finally we evaluate the
accuracy of the templates and the signal variability in relation with the
knowledge and the variability of the Earth magnetic field and the atmospheric
parameters.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication on Mon. Not. R.
Astron. So
Pénétrance de l'effet de stérilité totale lié au gène sans cornes p, chez les boucs
International audienc
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