Heat Determinant on Manifolds

We introduce and study new invariants associated with Laplace type elliptic partial differential operators on manifolds. These invariants are constructed by using the off-diagonal heat kernel; they are not pure spectral invariants, that is, they depend not only on the eigenvalues but also on the corresponding eigenfunctions in a non-trivial way. We compute the first three low-order invariants explicitly.Comment: 41 page

Student Discipline and Teacher Job Satisfaction: A Dual District Analysis

This study aimed to contribute to the empirical literature related to student discipline\u27s influence on teacher job satisfaction. Further, this research aimed to explore the correlation between student discipline and teacher job satisfaction while controlling for the contributing factors of job satisfaction). Also, this research study\u27s results were interpreted through the lens of the Affective Events Theory indicating a person\u27s emotions and behaviors for the workplace may influence their job satisfaction. An Ordinary Least Squares regression found that the correlation between student discipline and teacher job satisfaction was not statistically significant. However, the directionality of the relationship between student discipline and teacher job satisfaction was negative. By studying student discipline and teacher job satisfaction, this research determined that student discipline does harm teacher job satisfaction

Condimental stock foods and tonics.

During the past eighteen months the Chemical Section has received for examination 43 different brands of Condimental Stock Foods. Nearly every drug store and every feed store, in addition to a large number of agents, are offering this class of foods to the consuming public. The amount annually expended for these commodities runs into thousands of dollars. The “virtue” lying in the drugs of which such foods and tonics are compounded is so varied that (if the statements of some Condimental Food Companies are reliable) almost any one of these products will cure Texas Fever” which is caused by a tick and tuberculosis which is caused by a germ. The same dose of the same mixture will loosen the bowels when they are constipated and tighten them when they are scouring. It will prevent “abortion, milk fever, and red water” and “is a great preventative against blackleg in cattle. It cures catarrh, flukes and liver rot in sheep; distemper, glanders, nasal gleet and pink eye in horses,” and “meases in either man or beast.” It cures “ staggers, stunt and thrumps; cholera and kidney worms in hogs.

Differential elastic electron scattering cross sections for CCl₄ by 1.5–100 eV energy electron impact

We report absolute elastic differential, integral and momentum transfer cross sections for electron interactions with CCl₄. The incident electron energy range is 1.5-100 eV, and the scattered electron angular range for the differential measurements varies from 15°-130°. The absolute scale of the differential cross section was set using the relative flow technique with helium as the reference species. Comparison with previous total cross sections shows good agreement. Atomic-like behaviour in this scattering system is shown here for the first time, and is further investigated by comparing the CCl₄ elastic cross sections to recent results on the halomethanes and atomic chlorine at higher impact energies [H. Kato, T. Asahina, H. Masui, M. Hoshino, H. Tanaka, H. Cho, O. Ingólfsson, F. Blanco, G. Garcia, S. J. Buckman, and M. J. Brunger, J. Chem. Phys. 132, 074309 (2010)].This work was conducted under the support of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Sport, Culture and Technology. H.K. acknowledges the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) for his fellowships as grants-in-aid for scientific research. S.J.B also acknowledges the JSPS Invitation Fellowship for Research in Japan

Photodetachment study of He^- quartet resonances below the He(n=3) thresholds

The photodetachment cross section of He^- has been measured in the photon energy range 2.9 eV to 3.3 eV in order to investigate doubly excited states. Measurements were made channel specific by selectively detecting the residual He atoms left in a particular excited state following detachment. Three Feshbach resonances were found in the He(1s2p ^3P)+e^-(epsilon p) partial cross section: a ^4S resonance below the He(1s3s ^3S) threshold and two ^4P resonances below the He(1s3p ^3P) threshold. The measured energies of these doubly excited states are 2.959260(6) eV, 3.072(7) eV and 3.26487(4) eV. The corresponding widths are found to be 0.20(2) meV, 50(5) meV and 0.61(5) meV. The measured energies agree well with recent theoretical predictions for the 1s3s4s ^4S, 1s3p^2 ^4P and 1s3p4p ^4P states, respectively, but the widths deviate noticeably from calculations for 1s3p^2 ^4P and 1s3p4p ^4P states.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX2e scrartcl, amsmath. Accepted by Journal of Physics B; minor changes after referee repor

Absolute Electron Scattering Cross Sections for the CF2 Radical

Using a crossed electron-molecular beam experiment, featuring a skimmed nozzle beam with pyrolytic radical production, absolute elastic cross sections for electron scattering from the CF2 molecule have been measured. A new technique for placing measured cross sections on an absolute scale is used for molecular beams produced as skimmed supersonic jets. Absolute differential cross sections for CF2 are reported for incident electron energies of 30–50 eV and over an angular range of 20–135 deg. Integral cross sections are subsequently derived from those data. The present data are compared to new theoretical predictions for the differential and integral scattering cross sections, as calculated with the Schwinger multichannel variational method using the static-exchange and static-exchange plus polarization approximations

Impact of Nb vacancies and p-type doping of the NbCoSn-NbCoSb half-Heusler thermoelectrics

Nb vacancies maintain a semiconducting electron count and cause strong mass fluctuation phonon scattering enabling good thermoelectric performance.</p

Diversity in Advertisements and Brand Perception

This research project examines the relationship between representation of diversity in marketing and brand perception. The debate about whether diversity in advertisements impacts how consumers perceive and purchase from brands is ongoing. Thus, this study examines whether companies are rewarded for representing diversity in their advertisements and punished for representation that is inappropriate or insensitive. We conducted an online survey among Gettysburg College students and elicited their beliefs about the importance of diversity in marketing campaigns. We found that consumers are more likely to buy from companies that represent more racial diversity in their advertisements. The same was found for companies that represent more diversity of body types in their advertisements. The appropriateness of advertisements was also found to have an impact on the likelihood of consumers to purchase from companies, with consumers being less likely to buy from companies that have racially inappropriate or insensitive advertisements