Average monthly sea surface temperatures of the western North Atlantic ocean

This paper contains twelve charts of the North Atlantic Ocean west of the 60th meridian which show the average temperature of the surface water for each month of the year. Two additional charts show respectively the maximum and minimum values reached by the average temperature for any month. The next chart presents the yearly range, that is, the difference between the average temperature of the warmest and coldest months. The last chart of the series shows the depth of the virtually isothermal water during the summer and winter months

Annual variations in current speeds in the Gulf Stream system

The monthly resultant current speeds in ten segments of the Gulf Stream System are calculated from surface current data published by the U. S. Navy Hydrographic Office. Marked annual variations in the current speeds are found in the Florida Current, in the Caribbean Sea, and in the Trade Wind areas. In other segments of the system the annual variations are not so well defined. The maximum current speeds occur during the summer in the southern segments of the Gulf Stream System and during the winter in the northern segments. The minimum speeds occur during the fall months throughout the system...

Some recent developments in the study of the Gulf Stream

At Cape Hatteras the Gulf Stream leaves the Continental Slope, so that as far as the deep current is concerned its course is no longer confined. The current again approaches the Continental Shelf off Georges Bank and off the Grand Banks, hut in neither area does it flow normally along the Continental Slope as a river pressing against its bank. The band of water which separates the Gulf Stream from the Continental Shelf in the sector between Cape Hatteras and the Grand Banks is usually called slope water. The great body of water to the south and east of the Stream is known as the Sargasso Sea or Central Atlantic water

Atlantic Ocean atlas of temperature and salinity profiles and data from the International Geophysical Year of 1957-1958

From the Preface: Within the framework of the observational program in physical oceanography which was executed during the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58, the WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, in partial association with the NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY, England, performed a methodical oceanographic survey covering most of the Atlantic Ocean. Supplemented with similar observations made in the western North Atlantic just prior to the IGY, the data obtained constitute a comprehensive new body of information pertaining to the circulation of the entire Atlantic. To summarize many of the observations in a particularly useful and efficient manner, as well as to perform a fundamental analysis upon them, the following atlas of Atlantic thermohaline structure has been prepared. Although distributions of other properties measured on these cruises might also have been depicted in this volume, it was felt that a more coherent and serviceable atlas would be produced if attention were concentrated exclusively upon temperature and salinity; the measurements of these two variables, moreover, are of consistent quality, since they were all made by a single small research group employing the same techniques and equipment throughout the survey period.The cost of preparation and publication of this atlas was borne by a grant from the National Science Foundation, made in support of the International Geophysical Year Interdisciplinary Research Program