Relativistic mean-field approximation with density-dependent screening meson masses in nuclear matter

The Debye screening masses of the $\sigma$, $\omega$ and neutral $\rho$ mesons and the photon are calculated in the relativistic mean-field approximation. As the density of the nucleon increases, all the screening masses of mesons increase. It shows a different result with Brown-Rho scaling, which implies a reduction in the mass of all the mesons in the nuclear matter except the pion. Replacing the masses of the mesons with their corresponding screening masses in Walecka-1 model, five saturation properties of the nuclear matter are fixed reasonably, and then a density-dependent relativistic mean-field model is proposed without introducing the non-linear self-coupling terms of mesons.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, REVTEX4, Accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Photon Number-Phase Uncertainty Relation in the Evolution of the Field in a Kerr-Like Medium

A model of a single-mode field, initially prepared in a coherent state, coupled to a two-level atom surrounded by a nonlinear Kerr-like medium contained inside a very good quality cavity is considered. We derive the photon number-phase uncertainty relation in the evolution of the field for a weak and strong nonlinear coupling respectively, within the Hermitian phase operator formalism of Pegg and Barnett, and discuss the effects of nonlinear coupling of the Kerr-like medium on photon number-phase uncertainty relation of the field

The Quantum Phase-Dynamical Properties of the Squeezed Vacuum State Intensity-Couple Interacting with the Atom

The Phase-dynamical properties of the squeezed vacuum state intensity-couple interacting with the two-level atom in an ideal cavity are studied using the Hermitian phase operator formalism. Exact general expressions for the phase distribution and the associated expectation value and variance of the phase operator have been derived. we have also obtained the analytic results of the phase variance for two special cases-weakly and strongly squeezed vacuum. The results calculated numerically show that squeezing has a significant effect on the phase properties of squeezed vacuum

Effective photon mass in nuclear matter and finite nuclei

Electromagnetic field in nuclear matter and nuclei are studied. In the nuclear matter, because the expectation value of the electric charge density operator is not zero, different in vacuum, the U(1) local gauge symmetry of electric charge is spontaneously broken, and consequently, the photon gains an effective mass through the Higgs mechanism. An alternative way to study the effective mass of photon is to calculate the self-energy of photon perturbatively. It shows that the effective mass of photon is about $5.42MeV$ in the symmetric nuclear matter at the saturation density $\rho_0 = 0.16fm^{-3}$ and about $2.0MeV$ at the surface of ${}^{238}U$. It seems that the two-body decay of a massive photon causes the sharp lines of electron-positron pairs in the low energy heavy ion collision experiments of ${}^{238}U+{}^{232}Th$ .Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, REVTEX4, submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys.

(1R,3S,5R,6S)-6-Hydr­oxy-3-tosyl­oxy­tropan-8-ium chloride

The title compound, C15H22NO4S+·Cl−, is a hydrolysis product of lesatropane [(1R,3S,5R,6S)-6-acet­oxy-3-tosyl­oxytropane] hydro­chloride, a potential anti­glaucoma agent. As in lesatropane, the piperidine and pyrrolidine rings in the title compound adopt chair and envelope conformations, respectively. There are two mol­ecules in the unit cell with similar conformations. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular O—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds

FROM SERVICE TO SUPERIORITY: UNVEILING THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE IN GIANT HYPERMARKETS, KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in retail has redefined customer experience, offering new opportunities for personalisation, service quality enhancement, and continuous service delivery. This study investigates the impact of AI on customers’ experience at Giant Hypermarkets in Klang Valley, Malaysia, focusing on four key areas: personalisation, service quality, hassle-free service, and customer service. Using quantitative methods, data were gathered from 365 respondents to assess the influence of AI-driven services on customer experience. The findings reveal that hassle-free service significantly enhances customer experience, while personalisation, service quality, and customer service show no significant impact. These results suggest that while AI is effective in streamlining operations and reducing customer effort, it may fall short in providing the emotional engagement needed to enhance the overall customer experience. This study highlights the importance of balancing AI efficiency with human interaction, particularly in relational services. This research offers valuable insights for retailers, academics, and small business owners, emphasizing the need to adopt AI technologies that focus on customer convenience and experience while maintaining a personal touch. This study clearly highlights the implications for the retail industry, demonstrating that AI can significantly enhance customer experience, but its strategic integration is crucial to address both operational efficiency and emotional engagement.  Article visualizations

Correspondence between Color Glass Condensate and High-Twist Formalism

The Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective theory and the collinear factorization at high-twist (HT) are two well-known frameworks describing perturbative QCD multiple scatterings in nuclear media. It has long been recognized that these two formalisms have their own domain of validity in different kinematics regions. Taking direct photon production in proton-nucleus collisions as an example, we clarify for the first time the relation between CGC and HT at the level of a physical observable. We show that the CGC formalism beyond shock-wave approximation, and with the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal interference effect is consistent with the HT formalism in the transition region where they overlap. Such a unified picture paves the way for mapping out the phase diagram of parton density in nuclear medium from dilute to dense region.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures + supplemental materia